[功能] 实现节点访问日志的分片支持，优化日志查询和管理逻辑

openflare_agent/internal/observability/traffic.go

@@ -327,18 +327,28 @@ type trafficCountItem struct {
 	value int64
 }
 
+const accessLogPathMaxRunes = 100
+
 func normalizeAccessLogPath(value string) string {
 	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(value)
 	if trimmed == "" {
 		return ""
 	}
 	if strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "http://") || strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "https://") {
-		return trimmed
+		return truncateAccessLogPath(trimmed)
 	}
 	if strings.HasPrefix(trimmed, "/") {
-		return trimmed
+		return truncateAccessLogPath(trimmed)
 	}
-	return "/" + trimmed
+	return truncateAccessLogPath("/" + trimmed)
+}
+
+func truncateAccessLogPath(value string) string {
+	runes := []rune(value)
+	if len(runes) <= accessLogPathMaxRunes {
+		return value
+	}
+	return string(runes[:accessLogPathMaxRunes])
 }
 
 func topCounts(values map[string]int64, limit int) map[string]int64 {

openflare_agent/internal/observability/traffic_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package observability
 import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"openflare-agent/internal/config"
@@ -108,6 +109,31 @@ func TestBuildTrafficObservabilityReturnsAccessLogs(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestBuildTrafficObservabilityTruncatesLongAccessLogPath(t *testing.T) {
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+	routeConfigPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "conf.d", "openflare_routes.conf")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(routeConfigPath), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("MkdirAll failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	logPath := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(routeConfigPath), "openflare_access.log")
+	longPath := "/" + strings.Repeat("a", 140)
+	content := []byte(
+		"{\"ts\":\"2026-03-14T08:00:00Z\",\"host\":\"app.example.com\",\"path\":\"" + longPath + "\",\"remote_addr\":\"10.0.0.1\",\"status\":200}\n",
+	)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(logPath, content, 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("WriteFile failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	stateStore := state.NewStore(filepath.Join(tempDir, "state.json"))
+	_, accessLogs, _ := BuildTrafficObservability(&config.Config{RouteConfigPath: routeConfigPath}, stateStore, nil)
+	if len(accessLogs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one access log, got %+v", accessLogs)
+	}
+	if got := len([]rune(accessLogs[0].Path)); got != accessLogPathMaxRunes {
+		t.Fatalf("expected truncated path length %d, got %d (%q)", accessLogPathMaxRunes, got, accessLogs[0].Path)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBuildTrafficReportParsesCombinedAccessLog(t *testing.T) {
 	tempDir := t.TempDir()
 	routeConfigPath := filepath.Join(tempDir, "conf.d", "openflare_routes.conf")

openflare_server/go.mod

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578 // indirect
 	github.com/boj/redistore v0.0.0-20180917114910-cd5dcc76aeff // indirect
+	github.com/bwmarrin/snowflake v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.2 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/chenzhuoyu/base64x v0.0.0-20230717121745-296ad89f973d // indirect
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.7 // indirect
 	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/longbridgeapp/sqlparser v0.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.6 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
@@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
 	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.7.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230817173708-d852ddb80c63 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 // indirect
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ require (
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
+	gorm.io/sharding v0.6.2 // indirect
 	modernc.org/libc v1.22.5 // indirect
 	modernc.org/mathutil v1.5.0 // indirect
 	modernc.org/memory v1.5.0 // indirect

openflare_server/go.sum

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578 h1:d+Bc7a5rLufV
 github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578/go.mod h1:uGdkoq3SwY9Y+13GIhn11/XLaGBb4BfwItxLd5jeuXE=
 github.com/boj/redistore v0.0.0-20180917114910-cd5dcc76aeff h1:RmdPFa+slIr4SCBg4st/l/vZWVe9QJKMXGO60Bxbe04=
 github.com/boj/redistore v0.0.0-20180917114910-cd5dcc76aeff/go.mod h1:+RTT1BOk5P97fT2CiHkbFQwkK3mjsFAP6zCYV2aXtjw=
+github.com/bwmarrin/snowflake v0.3.0 h1:xm67bEhkKh6ij1790JB83OujPR5CzNe8QuQqAgISZN0=
+github.com/bwmarrin/snowflake v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NdZxfVWX+oR6y2K0o6qAYv6gIOP9rjG0/E9WsDpxqwE=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.5.0/go.mod h1:ED5hyg4y6t3/9Ku1R6dU/4KyJ48DZ4jPhfY1O2AihPM=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.10.0-rc/go.mod h1:ElCzW+ufi8qKqNW0FY314xriJhyJhuoJ3gFZdAHF7NM=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.2 h1:ywfwo0a/3j9HR8wsYGWsIWl2mvRsI950HyoxiBERw5A=
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.19.0 h1:ol+5Fu+cSq9JD7SoSqe04GMI92cbn
 github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.19.0/go.mod h1:dbuPbCMFw/DrkbEynArYaCwl3amGuJotoKCe95atGMM=
 github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.11.5 h1:AcZZR7igkdvfVmQTPnu9WE37LRrO/YrBH5zWyjDC0oI=
 github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.11.5/go.mod h1:gREzHqY1hg6oD9ngVRbLStwAWKhA0FEgq8Jd4h5lpwo=
+github.com/go-test/deep v1.0.7/go.mod h1:QV8Hv/iy04NyLBxAdO9njL0iVPN1S4d/A3NVv1V36o8=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 h1:CrxCmQqYDkv1z7lO7Wbh2HN93uovUHgrECaO5ZrCXAU=
 github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MGFi0w8I=
 github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.3/go.mod h1:vzj43D7+SQXF/4pzW/hwtAqwc6iTitCiVSaWz5lYuqw=
@@ -126,6 +129,8 @@ github.com/kr/text v0.2.0/go.mod h1:eLer722TekiGuMkidMxC/pM04lWEeraHUUmBw8l2grE=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.2.0/go.mod h1:+8+nEpDfqqsY+g338gtMEUOtuK+4dEMhiQEgxpxOKII=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 h1:WT9HwE9SGECu3lg4d/dIA+jxlljEa1/ffXKmRjqdmIQ=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0/go.mod h1:bvxc+MVxLKB4z00jd1z+Dvzr47oO32F/QSNjSBOlFxI=
+github.com/longbridgeapp/sqlparser v0.3.1 h1:iWOZWGIFgQrJRgobLXUNJdvqGRpbVXkyKUKUA5CNJBE=
+github.com/longbridgeapp/sqlparser v0.3.1/go.mod h1:GIHaUq8zvYyHLCLMJJykx1CdM6LHtkUih/QaJXySSx4=
 github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.0.0-20190614124828-94de47d64c63/go.mod h1:C1wdFJiN94OJF2b5HbByQZoLdCWB1Yqtg26g4irojpc=
 github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.0.0-20190626092158-b2ccc519800e/go.mod h1:C1wdFJiN94OJF2b5HbByQZoLdCWB1Yqtg26g4irojpc=
 github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.6 h1:8yTIVnZgCoiM1TgqoeTl+LfU5Jg6/xL3QhGQnimLYnA=
@@ -157,6 +162,7 @@ github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec h1:W09IVJc94
 github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20230129092748-24d4a6f8daec/go.mod h1:qqbHyh8v60DhA7CoWK5oRCqLrMHRGoxYCSS9EjAz6Eo=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.0 h1:FCbCCtXNOY3UtUuHUYaghJg4y7Fd14rXifAYUAtL9R8=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.0/go.mod h1:WmiCO8CzOY8rg0OYDC4/i/2WRWAB6poM+XZ2dLUbcbE=
+github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.12.0 h1:exVL4IDcn6na9z1rAb56Vxr+CgyK3nn3O+epU5NdKM8=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
@@ -190,6 +196,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACk
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 h1:jMBrvKuj23MTlT0bQEOBcAE0mjg8mK9RXFhRH6nyF3Q=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0/go.mod h1:XTGrrkGJve7CYK7J8PEww4aY7gM3qMCElcJQ8n8JdX4=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230817173708-d852ddb80c63 h1:m64FZMko/V45gv0bNmrNYoDEq8U5YUhetc9cBWKS1TQ=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230817173708-d852ddb80c63/go.mod h1:0v4NqG35kSWCMzLaMeX+IQrlSnVE/bqGSyC2cz/9Le8=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4/go.mod h1:jJ57K6gSWd91VN4djpZkiMVwK6gcyfeH4XE8wZrZaV4=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.29.0 h1:HV8lRxZC4l2cr3Zq1LvtOsi/ThTgWnUk/y64QSs8GwA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.29.0/go.mod h1:NyhrlYXJ2H4eJiRy/WDBO6HMqZQ6q9nk4JzS3NuCK+w=
@@ -253,6 +261,8 @@ gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0 h1:2dxzU8xJ+ivvqTRph34QX+WrRaJlmfyPqXmoGVjMBa4=
 gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0/go.mod h1:vUw0mrGgrTK+uPHEhAdV4sfFELrByKVGnaVRkXDhtWo=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.10 h1:dQpO+33KalOA+aFYGlK+EfxcI5MbO7EP2yYygwh9h+s=
 gorm.io/gorm v1.25.10/go.mod h1:hbnx/Oo0ChWMn1BIhpy1oYozzpM15i4YPuHDmfYtwg8=
+gorm.io/sharding v0.6.2 h1:V9inmbdhN+RfWPEKTvbKKKv7qxLz1CneBDQvuL5P7jg=
+gorm.io/sharding v0.6.2/go.mod h1:dXaAZv0qyUmLkLAciQ+NH2O1D1A4/ttrrZ/XK4xW9HU=
 modernc.org/libc v1.22.5 h1:91BNch/e5B0uPbJFgqbxXuOnxBQjlS//icfQEGmvyjE=
 modernc.org/libc v1.22.5/go.mod h1:jj+Z7dTNX8fBScMVNRAYZ/jF91K8fdT2hYMThc3YjBY=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.5.0 h1:rV0Ko/6SfM+8G+yKiyI830l3Wuz1zRutdslNoQ0kfiQ=

openflare_server/model/main.go

@@ -99,17 +99,13 @@ func CountTable(tableName string) (num int64) {
 
 func openDatabase() (*gorm.DB, string, error) {
 	if common.SQLDSN != "" {
-		db, err := gorm.Open(postgres.Open(common.SQLDSN), &gorm.Config{
+		db, err := gorm.Open(postgres.Open(common.SQLDSN), &gorm.Config{})
-			PrepareStmt: true,
-		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, "", err
 		}
 		return db, "postgres", nil
 	}
-	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(common.SQLitePath), &gorm.Config{
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(common.SQLitePath), &gorm.Config{})
-		PrepareStmt: true,
-	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, "", err
 	}
@@ -265,8 +261,17 @@ func migrateTableData(source *gorm.DB, target *gorm.DB, item dbModel) error {
 		if batchLen == 0 {
 			break
 		}
-		if err := target.Create(batchPtr.Interface()).Error; err != nil {
+		if isShardedObservabilityTable(item.tableName) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("write target table %s failed: %w", item.tableName, err)
+			for index := 0; index < batchLen; index++ {
+				record := batchPtr.Elem().Index(index)
+				if err := target.Create(record.Addr().Interface()).Error; err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("write target sharded table %s failed: %w", item.tableName, err)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			if err := target.Create(batchPtr.Interface()).Error; err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("write target table %s failed: %w", item.tableName, err)
+			}
 		}
 		migrated += int64(batchLen)
 		offset += batchLen
@@ -293,6 +298,9 @@ func InitDB() (err error) {
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 	DB = db
+	if err = registerSharding(db, backend); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err = migrateProxyRouteEnableHTTPSColumn(db); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

openflare_server/model/main_test.go

@@ -121,3 +121,36 @@ func TestMigrateTableDataCopiesRows(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected migrated option value: %s", gotOption.Value)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestRegisterShardingAutoMigratesShardTables(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "sharded.db")), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open sqlite db: %v", err)
+	}
+	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get sql db: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = sqlDB.Close()
+	})
+	if err := registerSharding(db, "sqlite"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("register sharding: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := autoMigrateAll(db); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("auto migrate db: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, table := range []string{
+		"node_metric_snapshots_00",
+		"node_metric_snapshots_09",
+		"node_request_reports_00",
+		"node_request_reports_09",
+		"node_access_logs_00",
+		"node_access_logs_09",
+	} {
+		if !db.Migrator().HasTable(table) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected sharded table %s to exist", table)
+		}
+	}
+}

openflare_server/model/node_access_log.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package model
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -10,13 +11,13 @@ import (
 
 type NodeAccessLog struct {
 	ID         uint      `json:"id" gorm:"primaryKey"`
-	NodeID     string    `json:"node_id" gorm:"index:idx_node_access_logs_node_logged_at,priority:1;size:64;not null"`
+	NodeID     string    `json:"node_id" gorm:"index:,composite:node_logged_at,priority:1;size:64;not null"`
-	LoggedAt   time.Time `json:"logged_at" gorm:"index:idx_node_access_logs_logged_at;index:idx_node_access_logs_node_logged_at,priority:2"`
+	LoggedAt   time.Time `json:"logged_at" gorm:"index;index:,composite:node_logged_at,priority:2"`
-	RemoteAddr string    `json:"remote_addr" gorm:"index:idx_node_access_logs_remote_addr;size:128"`
+	RemoteAddr string    `json:"remote_addr" gorm:"index;size:128"`
 	Region     string    `json:"region" gorm:"size:128"`
-	Host       string    `json:"host" gorm:"index:idx_node_access_logs_host;size:255"`
+	Host       string    `json:"host" gorm:"index;size:255"`
 	Path       string    `json:"path" gorm:"size:2048"`
-	StatusCode int       `json:"status_code" gorm:"index:idx_node_access_logs_status_code"`
+	StatusCode int       `json:"status_code" gorm:"index"`
 	RawJSON    string    `json:"raw_json" gorm:"type:text"`
 	CreatedAt  time.Time `json:"created_at"`
 }
@@ -93,84 +94,87 @@ type NodeAccessLogTrendPointRow struct {
 }
 
 func ListNodeAccessLogs(query NodeAccessLogQuery) (logs []*NodeAccessLog, err error) {
-	offset := query.Page * query.PageSize
+	all, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(query)
-	db := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB, query).
+	if err != nil {
-		Order(buildNodeAccessLogSortClause(query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)).
+		return nil, err
-		Limit(query.PageSize).
+	}
-		Offset(offset)
+	start, end := paginateBounds(len(all), query.Page, query.PageSize)
-	err = db.Find(&logs).Error
+	if start >= len(all) {
-	return logs, err
+		return []*NodeAccessLog{}, nil
+	}
+	return all[start:end], nil
 }
 
 func CountNodeAccessLogs(query NodeAccessLogQuery) (totalRecords int64, totalIPs int64, err error) {
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), query)
+	all, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(query)
-	if err = base.Count(&totalRecords).Error; err != nil {
+	if err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, err
 	}
-	distinctQuery := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), query).
+	ips := make(map[string]struct{}, len(all))
-		Where("remote_addr <> ''").
+	for _, item := range all {
-		Distinct("remote_addr")
+		if item == nil {
-	if err = distinctQuery.Count(&totalIPs).Error; err != nil {
+			continue
-		return 0, 0, err
+		}
+		trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(item.RemoteAddr)
+		if trimmed != "" {
+			ips[trimmed] = struct{}{}
+		}
 	}
-	return totalRecords, totalIPs, nil
+	return int64(len(all)), int64(len(ips)), nil
 }
 
 func ListNodeAccessLogRegionCounts(nodeID string, since time.Time, limit int) (items []*NodeAccessLogRegionCount, err error) {
-	query := DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}).
+	logs, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(NodeAccessLogQuery{
-		Select("region as region, count(*) as count").
+		NodeID: nodeID,
-		Where("region <> ''")
+		Since:  since,
-	if nodeID != "" {
+	})
-		query = query.Where("node_id = ?", nodeID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	if !since.IsZero() {
+	counts := make(map[string]int64)
-		query = query.Where("logged_at >= ?", since)
+	for _, item := range logs {
+		if item == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		region := strings.TrimSpace(item.Region)
+		if region == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		counts[region]++
 	}
-	query = query.Group("region").Order("count desc, region asc")
+	items = make([]*NodeAccessLogRegionCount, 0, len(counts))
-	if limit > 0 {
+	for region, count := range counts {
-		query = query.Limit(limit)
+		items = append(items, &NodeAccessLogRegionCount{
+			Region: region,
+			Count:  count,
+		})
 	}
-	err = query.Scan(&items).Error
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
-	return items, err
+		if items[i].Count == items[j].Count {
+			return items[i].Region < items[j].Region
+		}
+		return items[i].Count > items[j].Count
+	})
+	if limit > 0 && len(items) > limit {
+		items = items[:limit]
+	}
+	return items, nil
 }
 
 func ListNodeAccessLogBuckets(query NodeAccessLogBucketQuery) (items []*NodeAccessLogBucketRow, err error) {
-	offset := query.Page * query.PageSize
+	rows, err := buildNodeAccessLogBucketRows(query)
-	bucketExpr := accessLogBucketEpochExpr(query.FoldMinutes)
+	if err != nil {
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), NodeAccessLogQuery{
+		return nil, err
-		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
+	}
-		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
+	start, end := paginateBounds(len(rows), query.Page, query.PageSize)
-		Host:       query.Host,
+	if start >= len(rows) {
-		Path:       query.Path,
+		return []*NodeAccessLogBucketRow{}, nil
-		Since:      query.Since,
+	}
-	})
+	return rows[start:end], nil
-	err = base.Select(fmt.Sprintf(
-		"%s as bucket_epoch, count(*) as request_count, count(distinct remote_addr) as unique_ip_count, count(distinct host) as unique_host_count, sum(case when status_code < 400 then 1 else 0 end) as success_count, sum(case when status_code >= 400 and status_code < 500 then 1 else 0 end) as client_error_count, sum(case when status_code >= 500 then 1 else 0 end) as server_error_count",
-		bucketExpr,
-	)).
-		Group(bucketExpr).
-		Order(buildNodeAccessLogBucketSortClause(query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)).
-		Limit(query.PageSize).
-		Offset(offset).
-		Scan(&items).Error
-	return items, err
 }
 
 func CountNodeAccessLogBuckets(query NodeAccessLogBucketQuery) (total int64, err error) {
-	bucketExpr := accessLogBucketEpochExpr(query.FoldMinutes)
+	rows, err := buildNodeAccessLogBucketRows(query)
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), NodeAccessLogQuery{
-		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
-		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
-		Host:       query.Host,
-		Path:       query.Path,
-		Since:      query.Since,
-	})
-	rows := []struct {
-		BucketEpoch int64 `gorm:"column:bucket_epoch"`
-	}{}
-	err = base.Select(fmt.Sprintf("%s as bucket_epoch", bucketExpr)).
-		Group(bucketExpr).
-		Scan(&rows).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -178,39 +182,19 @@ func CountNodeAccessLogBuckets(query NodeAccessLogBucketQuery) (total int64, err
 }
 
 func ListNodeAccessLogIPSummaries(query NodeAccessLogIPSummaryQuery, recentSince time.Time) (items []*NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow, err error) {
-	offset := query.Page * query.PageSize
+	rows, err := buildNodeAccessLogIPSummaryRows(query, recentSince)
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), NodeAccessLogQuery{
+	if err != nil {
-		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
+		return nil, err
-		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
+	}
-		Host:       query.Host,
+	start, end := paginateBounds(len(rows), query.Page, query.PageSize)
-		Since:      query.Since,
+	if start >= len(rows) {
-	}).Where("remote_addr <> ''")
+		return []*NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow{}, nil
-	lastSeenExpr := accessLogEpochExpr("max(logged_at)")
+	}
-	err = base.Select(
+	return rows[start:end], nil
-		"remote_addr as remote_addr, count(*) as total_requests, sum(case when logged_at >= ? then 1 else 0 end) as recent_requests, "+lastSeenExpr+" as last_seen_epoch",
-		recentSince,
-	).
-		Group("remote_addr").
-		Order(buildNodeAccessLogIPSummarySortClause(query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)).
-		Limit(query.PageSize).
-		Offset(offset).
-		Scan(&items).Error
-	return items, err
 }
 
 func CountNodeAccessLogIPSummaries(query NodeAccessLogIPSummaryQuery) (total int64, err error) {
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), NodeAccessLogQuery{
+	rows, err := buildNodeAccessLogIPSummaryRows(query, time.Time{})
-		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
-		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
-		Host:       query.Host,
-		Since:      query.Since,
-	}).Where("remote_addr <> ''")
-	rows := []struct {
-		RemoteAddr string `gorm:"column:remote_addr"`
-	}{}
-	err = base.Select("remote_addr").
-		Group("remote_addr").
-		Scan(&rows).Error
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@@ -218,23 +202,49 @@ func CountNodeAccessLogIPSummaries(query NodeAccessLogIPSummaryQuery) (total int
 }
 
 func ListNodeAccessLogIPTrend(query NodeAccessLogIPTrendQuery) (items []*NodeAccessLogTrendPointRow, err error) {
-	bucketExpr := accessLogBucketEpochExpr(query.BucketMinutes)
+	logs, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(NodeAccessLogQuery{
-	base := buildNodeAccessLogQuery(DB.Model(&NodeAccessLog{}), NodeAccessLogQuery{
 		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
 		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
 		Host:       query.Host,
 		Since:      query.Since,
-	}).Where("remote_addr = ?", strings.TrimSpace(query.RemoteAddr))
+	})
-	err = base.Select(fmt.Sprintf("%s as bucket_epoch, count(*) as request_count", bucketExpr)).
+	if err != nil {
-		Group(bucketExpr).
+		return nil, err
-		Order("bucket_epoch asc").
+	}
-		Scan(&items).Error
+	remoteAddr := strings.TrimSpace(query.RemoteAddr)
-	return items, err
+	if remoteAddr == "" {
+		return []*NodeAccessLogTrendPointRow{}, nil
+	}
+	buckets := make(map[int64]int64)
+	for _, item := range logs {
+		if item == nil || strings.TrimSpace(item.RemoteAddr) != remoteAddr {
+			continue
+		}
+		bucketEpoch := bucketEpochForTime(item.LoggedAt, query.BucketMinutes)
+		buckets[bucketEpoch]++
+	}
+	items = make([]*NodeAccessLogTrendPointRow, 0, len(buckets))
+	for bucketEpoch, requestCount := range buckets {
+		items = append(items, &NodeAccessLogTrendPointRow{
+			BucketEpoch:  bucketEpoch,
+			RequestCount: requestCount,
+		})
+	}
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
+		return items[i].BucketEpoch < items[j].BucketEpoch
+	})
+	return items, nil
 }
 
 func DeleteNodeAccessLogsBefore(before time.Time) (deleted int64, err error) {
-	result := DB.Where("logged_at < ?", before).Delete(&NodeAccessLog{})
+	for _, table := range observabilityShardTables("node_access_logs") {
-	return result.RowsAffected, result.Error
+		result := DB.Table(table).Where("logged_at < ?", before).Delete(&NodeAccessLog{})
+		if result.Error != nil {
+			return deleted, result.Error
+		}
+		deleted += result.RowsAffected
+	}
+	return deleted, nil
 }
 
 func buildNodeAccessLogQuery(db *gorm.DB, query NodeAccessLogQuery) *gorm.DB {
@@ -244,6 +254,10 @@ func buildNodeAccessLogQuery(db *gorm.DB, query NodeAccessLogQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	if db.Statement == nil || db.Statement.Model == nil {
 		db = db.Model(&NodeAccessLog{})
 	}
+	return applyNodeAccessLogFilters(db, query)
+}
+
+func applyNodeAccessLogFilters(db *gorm.DB, query NodeAccessLogQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(query.NodeID); trimmed != "" {
 		db = db.Where("node_id LIKE ?", "%"+trimmed+"%")
 	}
@@ -262,6 +276,297 @@ func buildNodeAccessLogQuery(db *gorm.DB, query NodeAccessLogQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	return db
 }
 
+func listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(query NodeAccessLogQuery) ([]*NodeAccessLog, error) {
+	items, err := queryAcrossShards("node_access_logs", func(tx *gorm.DB) ([]*NodeAccessLog, error) {
+		var shardRows []*NodeAccessLog
+		if err := applyNodeAccessLogFilters(tx, query).Find(&shardRows).Error; err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return shardRows, nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sortNodeAccessLogs(items, query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+func buildNodeAccessLogBucketRows(query NodeAccessLogBucketQuery) ([]*NodeAccessLogBucketRow, error) {
+	logs, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(NodeAccessLogQuery{
+		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
+		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
+		Host:       query.Host,
+		Path:       query.Path,
+		Since:      query.Since,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	type bucketAccumulator struct {
+		requestCount     int64
+		uniqueIPs        map[string]struct{}
+		uniqueHosts      map[string]struct{}
+		successCount     int64
+		clientErrorCount int64
+		serverErrorCount int64
+	}
+	accumulators := make(map[int64]*bucketAccumulator)
+	for _, item := range logs {
+		if item == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		bucketEpoch := bucketEpochForTime(item.LoggedAt, query.FoldMinutes)
+		accumulator := accumulators[bucketEpoch]
+		if accumulator == nil {
+			accumulator = &bucketAccumulator{
+				uniqueIPs:   make(map[string]struct{}),
+				uniqueHosts: make(map[string]struct{}),
+			}
+			accumulators[bucketEpoch] = accumulator
+		}
+		accumulator.requestCount++
+		if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(item.RemoteAddr); trimmed != "" {
+			accumulator.uniqueIPs[trimmed] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(item.Host); trimmed != "" {
+			accumulator.uniqueHosts[trimmed] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		switch {
+		case item.StatusCode < 400:
+			accumulator.successCount++
+		case item.StatusCode < 500:
+			accumulator.clientErrorCount++
+		default:
+			accumulator.serverErrorCount++
+		}
+	}
+	rows := make([]*NodeAccessLogBucketRow, 0, len(accumulators))
+	for bucketEpoch, accumulator := range accumulators {
+		rows = append(rows, &NodeAccessLogBucketRow{
+			BucketEpoch:      bucketEpoch,
+			RequestCount:     accumulator.requestCount,
+			UniqueIPCount:    int64(len(accumulator.uniqueIPs)),
+			UniqueHostCount:  int64(len(accumulator.uniqueHosts)),
+			SuccessCount:     accumulator.successCount,
+			ClientErrorCount: accumulator.clientErrorCount,
+			ServerErrorCount: accumulator.serverErrorCount,
+		})
+	}
+	sortNodeAccessLogBucketRows(rows, query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)
+	return rows, nil
+}
+
+func buildNodeAccessLogIPSummaryRows(query NodeAccessLogIPSummaryQuery, recentSince time.Time) ([]*NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow, error) {
+	logs, err := listNodeAccessLogsAcrossShards(NodeAccessLogQuery{
+		NodeID:     query.NodeID,
+		RemoteAddr: query.RemoteAddr,
+		Host:       query.Host,
+		Since:      query.Since,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	type accumulator struct {
+		totalRequests  int64
+		recentRequests int64
+		lastSeenAt     time.Time
+	}
+	accumulators := make(map[string]*accumulator)
+	for _, item := range logs {
+		if item == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		remoteAddr := strings.TrimSpace(item.RemoteAddr)
+		if remoteAddr == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		acc := accumulators[remoteAddr]
+		if acc == nil {
+			acc = &accumulator{}
+			accumulators[remoteAddr] = acc
+		}
+		acc.totalRequests++
+		if !recentSince.IsZero() && !item.LoggedAt.Before(recentSince) {
+			acc.recentRequests++
+		}
+		if item.LoggedAt.After(acc.lastSeenAt) {
+			acc.lastSeenAt = item.LoggedAt
+		}
+	}
+	rows := make([]*NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow, 0, len(accumulators))
+	for remoteAddr, acc := range accumulators {
+		rows = append(rows, &NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow{
+			RemoteAddr:     remoteAddr,
+			TotalRequests:  acc.totalRequests,
+			RecentRequests: acc.recentRequests,
+			LastSeenEpoch:  acc.lastSeenAt.Unix(),
+		})
+	}
+	sortNodeAccessLogIPSummaryRows(rows, query.SortBy, query.SortOrder)
+	return rows, nil
+}
+
+func sortNodeAccessLogs(items []*NodeAccessLog, sortBy string, sortOrder string) {
+	desc := normalizeSortOrder(sortOrder) != "asc"
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
+		left := items[i]
+		right := items[j]
+		if left == nil || right == nil {
+			return left != nil
+		}
+		var compare int
+		switch strings.TrimSpace(sortBy) {
+		case "status_code":
+			compare = compareInt(left.StatusCode, right.StatusCode)
+		case "remote_addr":
+			compare = strings.Compare(left.RemoteAddr, right.RemoteAddr)
+		case "host":
+			compare = strings.Compare(left.Host, right.Host)
+		case "path":
+			compare = strings.Compare(left.Path, right.Path)
+		default:
+			compare = compareTime(left.LoggedAt, right.LoggedAt)
+		}
+		if compare == 0 {
+			compare = compareTime(left.LoggedAt, right.LoggedAt)
+		}
+		if compare == 0 {
+			compare = compareUint(left.ID, right.ID)
+		}
+		if desc {
+			return compare > 0
+		}
+		return compare < 0
+	})
+}
+
+func sortNodeAccessLogBucketRows(items []*NodeAccessLogBucketRow, sortBy string, sortOrder string) {
+	desc := normalizeSortOrder(sortOrder) != "asc"
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
+		left := items[i]
+		right := items[j]
+		if left == nil || right == nil {
+			return left != nil
+		}
+		var compare int
+		switch strings.TrimSpace(sortBy) {
+		case "request_count":
+			compare = compareInt64(left.RequestCount, right.RequestCount)
+		default:
+			compare = compareInt64(left.BucketEpoch, right.BucketEpoch)
+		}
+		if compare == 0 {
+			compare = compareInt64(left.BucketEpoch, right.BucketEpoch)
+		}
+		if desc {
+			return compare > 0
+		}
+		return compare < 0
+	})
+}
+
+func sortNodeAccessLogIPSummaryRows(items []*NodeAccessLogIPSummaryRow, sortBy string, sortOrder string) {
+	desc := normalizeSortOrder(sortOrder) != "asc"
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
+		left := items[i]
+		right := items[j]
+		if left == nil || right == nil {
+			return left != nil
+		}
+		var compare int
+		switch strings.TrimSpace(sortBy) {
+		case "recent_requests":
+			compare = compareInt64(left.RecentRequests, right.RecentRequests)
+		case "last_seen_at":
+			compare = compareInt64(left.LastSeenEpoch, right.LastSeenEpoch)
+		case "remote_addr":
+			compare = strings.Compare(left.RemoteAddr, right.RemoteAddr)
+		default:
+			compare = compareInt64(left.TotalRequests, right.TotalRequests)
+		}
+		if compare == 0 {
+			compare = compareInt64(left.LastSeenEpoch, right.LastSeenEpoch)
+		}
+		if compare == 0 {
+			compare = strings.Compare(left.RemoteAddr, right.RemoteAddr)
+		}
+		if desc {
+			return compare > 0
+		}
+		return compare < 0
+	})
+}
+
+func paginateBounds(total int, page int, pageSize int) (int, int) {
+	if page < 0 {
+		page = 0
+	}
+	if pageSize <= 0 {
+		return 0, total
+	}
+	start := page * pageSize
+	if start > total {
+		start = total
+	}
+	end := start + pageSize
+	if end > total {
+		end = total
+	}
+	return start, end
+}
+
+func bucketEpochForTime(value time.Time, bucketMinutes int) int64 {
+	bucketSeconds := int64(bucketMinutes * 60)
+	if bucketSeconds <= 0 {
+		bucketSeconds = 180
+	}
+	return (value.UTC().Unix() / bucketSeconds) * bucketSeconds
+}
+
+func compareTime(left time.Time, right time.Time) int {
+	switch {
+	case left.After(right):
+		return 1
+	case left.Before(right):
+		return -1
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+func compareInt(left int, right int) int {
+	switch {
+	case left > right:
+		return 1
+	case left < right:
+		return -1
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+func compareInt64(left int64, right int64) int {
+	switch {
+	case left > right:
+		return 1
+	case left < right:
+		return -1
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+func compareUint(left uint, right uint) int {
+	switch {
+	case left > right:
+		return 1
+	case left < right:
+		return -1
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
 func buildNodeAccessLogSortClause(sortBy string, sortOrder string) string {
 	column := "logged_at"
 	switch strings.TrimSpace(sortBy) {

openflare_server/model/node_metric_snapshot.go

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 package model
 
-import "time"
+import (
+	"sort"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
 
 type NodeMetricSnapshot struct {
 	ID                   uint      `json:"id" gorm:"primaryKey"`
@@ -39,10 +44,25 @@ func ListNodeMetricSnapshots(nodeID string, since time.Time, limit int) (snapsho
 }
 
 func ListMetricSnapshotsSince(since time.Time) (snapshots []*NodeMetricSnapshot, err error) {
-	query := DB.Order("captured_at desc")
+	rows, err := queryAcrossShards("node_metric_snapshots", func(tx *gorm.DB) ([]*NodeMetricSnapshot, error) {
-	if !since.IsZero() {
+		var shardRows []*NodeMetricSnapshot
-		query = query.Where("captured_at >= ?", since)
+		query := tx.Order("captured_at desc")
+		if !since.IsZero() {
+			query = query.Where("captured_at >= ?", since)
+		}
+		if err := query.Find(&shardRows).Error; err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return shardRows, nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	err = query.Find(&snapshots).Error
+	sort.Slice(rows, func(i int, j int) bool {
-	return snapshots, err
+		if rows[i].CapturedAt.Equal(rows[j].CapturedAt) {
+			return rows[i].ID > rows[j].ID
+		}
+		return rows[i].CapturedAt.After(rows[j].CapturedAt)
+	})
+	return rows, nil
 }

openflare_server/model/node_request_report.go

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 package model
 
-import "time"
+import (
+	"sort"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
 
 type NodeRequestReport struct {
 	ID                  uint      `json:"id" gorm:"primaryKey"`
@@ -34,10 +39,25 @@ func ListNodeRequestReports(nodeID string, since time.Time, limit int) (reports
 }
 
 func ListRequestReportsSince(since time.Time) (reports []*NodeRequestReport, err error) {
-	query := DB.Order("window_ended_at desc")
+	rows, err := queryAcrossShards("node_request_reports", func(tx *gorm.DB) ([]*NodeRequestReport, error) {
-	if !since.IsZero() {
+		var shardRows []*NodeRequestReport
-		query = query.Where("window_ended_at >= ?", since)
+		query := tx.Order("window_ended_at desc")
+		if !since.IsZero() {
+			query = query.Where("window_ended_at >= ?", since)
+		}
+		if err := query.Find(&shardRows).Error; err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return shardRows, nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	err = query.Find(&reports).Error
+	sort.Slice(rows, func(i int, j int) bool {
-	return reports, err
+		if rows[i].WindowEndedAt.Equal(rows[j].WindowEndedAt) {
+			return rows[i].ID > rows[j].ID
+		}
+		return rows[i].WindowEndedAt.After(rows[j].WindowEndedAt)
+	})
+	return rows, nil
 }

openflare_server/model/sharding.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/sharding"
+)
+
+const observabilityShardCount = 10
+
+func registerSharding(db *gorm.DB, backend string) error {
+	if db == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	_ = backend
+	if err := db.Use(sharding.Register(sharding.Config{
+		ShardingKey:         "node_id",
+		NumberOfShards:      observabilityShardCount,
+		PrimaryKeyGenerator: sharding.PKCustom,
+		PrimaryKeyGeneratorFn: func(tableIdx int64) int64 {
+			return 0
+		},
+	}, shardedObservabilityTables()...)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("register observability sharding failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func shardedObservabilityTables() []any {
+	return []any{
+		&NodeMetricSnapshot{},
+		&NodeRequestReport{},
+		&NodeAccessLog{},
+	}
+}
+
+func isShardedObservabilityTable(tableName string) bool {
+	switch strings.TrimSpace(tableName) {
+	case "node_metric_snapshots", "node_request_reports", "node_access_logs":
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func observabilityShardTables(baseTable string) []string {
+	tables := make([]string, 0, observabilityShardCount)
+	for _, suffix := range observabilityShardSuffixes() {
+		tables = append(tables, baseTable+suffix)
+	}
+	return tables
+}
+
+func observabilityShardSuffixes() []string {
+	suffixes := make([]string, 0, observabilityShardCount)
+	for index := 0; index < observabilityShardCount; index++ {
+		suffixes = append(suffixes, fmt.Sprintf("_%02d", index))
+	}
+	return suffixes
+}
+
+func queryAcrossShards[T any](baseTable string, query func(tx *gorm.DB) ([]T, error)) ([]T, error) {
+	items := make([]T, 0)
+	for _, table := range observabilityShardTables(baseTable) {
+		rows, err := query(DB.Table(table))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, rows...)
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+func sortShardRows[T any](items []T, less func(left T, right T) bool) {
+	sort.Slice(items, func(i int, j int) bool {
+		return less(items[i], items[j])
+	})
+}

openflare_server/service/access_log_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package service
 
 import (
 	"openflare/model"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -60,9 +61,7 @@ func TestListAccessLogsIncludesSummaryTotals(t *testing.T) {
 			StatusCode: 200,
 		},
 	}
-	if err := model.DB.Create(&logs).Error; err != nil {
+	seedNodeAccessLogs(t, logs)
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed access logs: %v", err)
-	}
 
 	result, err := ListAccessLogs(AccessLogQuery{Page: 0, PageSize: 2})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -121,9 +120,7 @@ func TestListAccessLogsUsesDefaultPageSize(t *testing.T) {
 			StatusCode: 200,
 		})
 	}
-	if err := model.DB.Create(&logs).Error; err != nil {
+	seedNodeAccessLogs(t, logs)
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed access logs: %v", err)
-	}
 
 	result, err := ListAccessLogs(AccessLogQuery{})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -143,7 +140,7 @@ func TestListAccessLogsUsesDefaultPageSize(t *testing.T) {
 func TestListFoldedAccessLogsAndIPSummaries(t *testing.T) {
 	setupServiceTestDB(t)
 
-	now := time.Now().UTC()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 3, 19, 8, 12, 30, 0, time.UTC)
 	if err := model.DB.Create(&model.Node{
 		NodeID: "node-folded",
 		Name:   "edge-folded",
@@ -176,9 +173,7 @@ func TestListFoldedAccessLogsAndIPSummaries(t *testing.T) {
 			StatusCode: 404,
 		},
 	}
-	if err := model.DB.Create(&logs).Error; err != nil {
+	seedNodeAccessLogs(t, logs)
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed access logs: %v", err)
-	}
 
 	folded, err := ListFoldedAccessLogs(AccessLogQuery{
 		NodeID:      "node-folded",
@@ -221,7 +216,7 @@ func TestCleanupAccessLogsDeletesExpiredData(t *testing.T) {
 	setupServiceTestDB(t)
 
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
-	if err := model.DB.Create([]*model.NodeAccessLog{
+	seedNodeAccessLogs(t, []*model.NodeAccessLog{
 		{
 			NodeID:     "node-cleanup",
 			LoggedAt:   now.Add(-10 * 24 * time.Hour),
@@ -238,9 +233,7 @@ func TestCleanupAccessLogsDeletesExpiredData(t *testing.T) {
 			Path:       "/recent",
 			StatusCode: 200,
 		},
-	}).Error; err != nil {
+	})
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed cleanup logs: %v", err)
-	}
 
 	result, err := CleanupAccessLogs(AccessLogCleanupInput{RetentionDays: 7})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -258,3 +251,45 @@ func TestCleanupAccessLogsDeletesExpiredData(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected remaining logs after cleanup: %+v", remaining.Items)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestPersistNodeAccessLogsTruncatesLongPath(t *testing.T) {
+	setupServiceTestDB(t)
+
+	longPath := "/" + strings.Repeat("a", 140)
+	reportedAt := time.Now().UTC()
+	if err := persistNodeAccessLogs(model.DB, "node-truncate", []AgentNodeAccessLog{
+		{
+			LoggedAtUnix: reportedAt.Unix(),
+			RemoteAddr:   "203.0.113.10",
+			Host:         "truncate.example.com",
+			Path:         longPath,
+			StatusCode:   200,
+		},
+	}, reportedAt); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("persistNodeAccessLogs failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	logs, err := model.ListNodeAccessLogs(model.NodeAccessLogQuery{
+		NodeID:   "node-truncate",
+		Page:     0,
+		PageSize: 10,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ListNodeAccessLogs failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(logs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one stored log, got %+v", logs)
+	}
+	if got := len([]rune(logs[0].Path)); got != nodeAccessLogPathMaxLength {
+		t.Fatalf("expected truncated path length %d, got %d (%q)", nodeAccessLogPathMaxLength, got, logs[0].Path)
+	}
+}
+
+func seedNodeAccessLogs(t *testing.T, logs []*model.NodeAccessLog) {
+	t.Helper()
+	for _, item := range logs {
+		if err := model.DB.Create(item).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to seed access log: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}

openflare_server/service/node_update_test.go

@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ func TestListAccessLogsUsesPagination(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
-	if err := model.DB.Create([]*model.NodeAccessLog{
+	for _, item := range []*model.NodeAccessLog{
 		{
 			NodeID:     node.NodeID,
 			LoggedAt:   now.Add(-10 * time.Second),
@@ -936,8 +936,10 @@ func TestListAccessLogsUsesPagination(t *testing.T) {
 			Path:       "/three",
 			StatusCode: 502,
 		},
-	}).Error; err != nil {
+	} {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed access logs: %v", err)
+		if err := model.DB.Create(item).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to seed access logs: %v", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	pageOne, err := ListAccessLogs(AccessLogQuery{
@@ -1404,7 +1406,7 @@ func TestGetDashboardOverview(t *testing.T) {
 	}).Insert(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to insert node b traffic report: %v", err)
 	}
-	if err := model.DB.Create([]*model.NodeAccessLog{
+	for _, item := range []*model.NodeAccessLog{
 		{
 			NodeID:     "node-dashboard-a",
 			LoggedAt:   now.Add(-30 * time.Minute),
@@ -1432,8 +1434,10 @@ func TestGetDashboardOverview(t *testing.T) {
 			Path:       "/edge",
 			StatusCode: 502,
 		},
-	}).Error; err != nil {
+	} {
-		t.Fatalf("failed to seed dashboard access logs: %v", err)
+		if err := model.DB.Create(item).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to seed dashboard access logs: %v", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if err := model.DB.Create(&model.NodeHealthEvent{

openflare_server/service/observability.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ const (
 	NodeHealthSeverityWarning     = "warning"
 	NodeHealthSeverityCritical    = "critical"
 	nodeAccessLogRetentionWindow  = nodeAccessLogRetentionDays * 24 * time.Hour
+	nodeAccessLogPathMaxLength    = 100
 )
 
 type AgentNodeSystemProfile struct {
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ func persistNodeMetricSnapshot(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, snapshot *AgentNodeMe
 		OpenrestyConnections: snapshot.OpenrestyConnections,
 		RawJSON:              marshalJSON(snapshot),
 	}
-	return tx.Where("node_id = ? AND captured_at = ?", nodeID, record.CapturedAt).Assign(record).FirstOrCreate(record).Error
+	return tx.Where("node_id = ? AND captured_at = ?", nodeID, record.CapturedAt).FirstOrCreate(record).Error
 }
 
 func persistNodeTrafficReport(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, report *AgentNodeTrafficReport, reportedAt time.Time) error {
@@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ func persistNodeTrafficReport(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, report *AgentNodeTraff
 		SourceCountriesJSON: marshalJSON(report.SourceCountries),
 		RawJSON:             marshalJSON(report),
 	}
-	return tx.Where("node_id = ? AND window_started_at = ? AND window_ended_at = ?", nodeID, record.WindowStartedAt, record.WindowEndedAt).Assign(record).FirstOrCreate(record).Error
+	return tx.Where("node_id = ? AND window_started_at = ? AND window_ended_at = ?", nodeID, record.WindowStartedAt, record.WindowEndedAt).FirstOrCreate(record).Error
 }
 
 func persistNodeAccessLogs(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, logs []AgentNodeAccessLog, reportedAt time.Time) error {
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ func persistNodeAccessLogs(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, logs []AgentNodeAccessLog
 			RemoteAddr: strings.TrimSpace(item.RemoteAddr),
 			Region:     "",
 			Host:       strings.TrimSpace(item.Host),
-			Path:       strings.TrimSpace(item.Path),
+			Path:       truncateForDatabase(strings.TrimSpace(item.Path), nodeAccessLogPathMaxLength),
 			StatusCode: item.StatusCode,
 			RawJSON:    marshalJSON(item),
 		}
@@ -235,7 +236,7 @@ func persistNodeAccessLogs(tx *gorm.DB, nodeID string, logs []AgentNodeAccessLog
 			record.Host,
 			record.Path,
 			record.StatusCode,
-		).Assign(record).FirstOrCreate(record).Error; err != nil {
+		).FirstOrCreate(record).Error; err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}