diff --git a/docs/superpowers/specs/2026-05-13-security-remediation-design.md b/docs/superpowers/specs/2026-05-13-security-remediation-design.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbb4814
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/superpowers/specs/2026-05-13-security-remediation-design.md
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+# FLVX 安全问题修复设计
+
+**日期**: 2026-05-13
+**状态**: 待审核
+**作者**: AI Assistant
+
+## 概述
+
+针对 PR #502 提到的安全问题，对 FLVX 后端认证、配置访问控制、配置写入保护、备份导出和 JWT 失效模型做一次集中修复。目标是优先消除高风险漏洞，同时保留当前必须兼容的登录页品牌配置读取和验证码兼容行为。
+
+本设计采用“高危项一次收口，结构性问题只分析不重构”的策略：本轮修复 MD5 密码存储、未受控配置读取、敏感配置写入、备份配置泄露和 JWT 长期有效且改密后不失效的问题；不修改“无 Cloudflare secret 时允许当前 captcha 兼容行为”，也不重构 `autoMigrateAll()` 与 `migrateSchema()` 的双迁移入口。
+
+## 背景
+
+当前主线存在以下已确认问题：
+
+1. `login`、`open_api/sub_store`、用户改密、管理员创建用户和管理员修改用户密码仍然使用 `security.MD5(...)`。
+2. `/api/v1/config/get` 在 middleware 的 `shouldSkip()` 中被匿名放行，导致任意调用方可以读取绝大多数配置。
+3. `updateConfigs()` 与 `updateSingleConfig()` 使用了两套不同的限制逻辑，敏感配置键在单项写接口中未被保护。
+4. `ExportAll()` 和 `ExportPartial(types=["configs"])` 会直接导出所有配置，包含 `jwt_secret`、`license_key`、`cloudflare_secret_key`。
+5. JWT 当前有效期为 90 天，且 token 在用户改密、禁用、角色变化后仍可继续使用到过期。
+
+同时存在两个重要约束：
+
+1. 登录页和未登录态品牌展示依赖匿名读取 `app_name`、`app_logo`、`app_favicon`、`app_bg_image` 和 `cloudflare_site_key`。
+2. `tests/contract/migration_contract_test.go` 已把“无 Cloudflare secret 时允许当前 captcha 兼容行为”定义为既有契约，本轮不改变。
+
+## 目标
+
+1. 新增和更新后的用户密码不再以 MD5 存储。
+2. 历史 MD5 用户可在首次成功认证时自动迁移到强哈希。
+3. 匿名请求不能再读取任意配置，只能读取明确的公开配置白名单。
+4. 通用配置写接口不能覆盖敏感配置键。
+5. 备份导出默认不泄露敏感配置明文。
+6. 用户改密、禁用或角色变化后，旧 JWT 应立即失效。
+7. 不破坏现有登录页品牌展示和 captcha 兼容行为。
+
+## 非目标
+
+1. 不重构 `open_api/sub_store` 的整体认证模型；该接口仍使用现有用户名和密码查询参数语义。
+2. 不实现完整 refresh token、session 管理后台或 token 黑名单体系。
+3. 不改变“无 Cloudflare secret 时允许当前 captcha 兼容行为”。
+4. 不在本轮重构 `autoMigrateAll()` 与 `migrateSchema()` 的启动流程。
+5. 不引入前端测试框架。
+
+## 影响范围
+
+### 后端
+
+- `go-backend/internal/security/`
+- `go-backend/internal/auth/jwt.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/http/handler/handler.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/http/handler/mutations.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/store/model/model.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository.go`
+- `go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_mutations.go`
+- `go-backend/tests/contract/`
+- `go-backend/internal/store/repo/*_test.go`
+
+### 前端
+
+- `vite-frontend/src/api/index.ts`
+- `vite-frontend/src/config/site.ts`
+- `vite-frontend/src/pages/index.tsx`
+- 任何在未登录态读取品牌配置的组件
+
+## 设计决策
+
+### 已确认决策
+
+1. 本轮采用安全优先策略，允许收紧危险默认行为。
+2. MD5 密码采用“登录成功时自动迁移”的兼容方案。
+3. captcha 在未配置 Cloudflare secret 时的兼容行为保持不变。
+4. JWT 采用“最小可撤销”方案，而不是完整 session 体系。
+5. 双重迁移系统只分析，不在本轮中修改。
+
+### 迁移系统分析结论
+
+`autoMigrateAll()` 与 `migrateSchema()` 当前职责并不相同：
+
+1. `autoMigrateAll()` 负责表和列结构补齐。
+2. `migrateSchema()` 负责基于 `schema_version` 的数据修正，以及 PostgreSQL ID 默认值修复等兼容迁移。
+3. 现有 `repository_migrate_test.go` 已明确覆盖这两部分逻辑，说明它们在现有代码库中是被依赖的互补结构，而不是已确认的重复安全漏洞。
+
+因此本轮仅记录该分析结论，不把双迁移入口纳入改动范围，避免把安全修复扩展为启动流程重构。
+
+## 详细设计
+
+### 1. 密码存储与认证迁移
+
+在 `internal/security/` 中新增统一密码能力，替代各处直接使用 `security.MD5(...)` 的做法。
+
+建议新增以下接口：
+
+```go
+func HashPassword(plain string) (string, error)
+func VerifyPassword(storedHash, plain string) (ok bool, legacy bool)
+func IsLegacyPasswordHash(storedHash string) bool
+```
+
+哈希算法使用 `bcrypt`：
+
+1. `user.pwd` 当前为 `varchar(100)`，足以容纳 bcrypt 哈希。
+2. 不需要修改密码列长度，改动最小。
+3. 对当前 Go 后端来说，bcrypt 是最稳妥的强哈希升级路径。
+
+所有密码入口统一改为走这套能力：
+
+1. `login`
+2. `openAPISubStore`
+3. `updatePassword`
+4. `userCreate`
+5. `userUpdate` 中的管理员改密路径
+
+认证迁移规则：
+
+1. 如果数据库中存的是 bcrypt，则按 bcrypt 校验。
+2. 如果数据库中存的是历史 MD5，则先按旧逻辑校验。
+3. 历史 MD5 校验成功后，立即把 `pwd` 改写为 bcrypt。
+4. 自动迁移不仅在网页登录时执行，也在 `open_api/sub_store` 成功鉴权时执行，避免只使用订阅接口的老用户永远停留在 MD5。
+
+默认管理员种子账号仍保留当前默认密码语义和 `requirePasswordChange` 行为，但种子哈希改为 bcrypt，不再在新建数据库中写入 MD5 值。
+
+### 2. JWT 最小可撤销方案
+
+本轮不引入 refresh token 和黑名单表，而是做一个可以立即生效的最小撤销闭环。
+
+#### 数据模型
+
+在 `user` 表新增字段：
+
+- `password_changed_at BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0`
+
+该字段专门表示密码最后一次变更时间，不能复用现有 `updated_time`，原因是 `updated_time` 还会被流量、状态或其他用户资料更新触发，复用后会让非密码更新错误地使 token 失效。
+
+#### token 签发与校验
+
+继续使用现有 `iat` 声明，但把有效期从 90 天收紧到 7 天。
+
+token 校验分两步：
+
+1. 先做现有签名和过期时间校验。
+2. 再读取用户最小认证状态，确认：
+   - 用户仍存在
+   - 用户状态未被禁用
+   - 当前 `role_id` 与 token 中一致
+   - `claims.iat` 不早于 `password_changed_at`
+
+为避免 middleware 每次都查询完整用户对象，Repository 新增专用读取方法，只返回 token 校验需要的最小字段，例如：
+
+```go
+type UserAuthState struct {
+    ID                int64
+    RoleID            int
+    Status            int
+    PasswordChangedAt int64
+}
+
+func (r *Repository) GetUserAuthState(userID int64) (*UserAuthState, error)
+```
+
+#### 失效语义
+
+以下场景下，旧 token 应立即失效：
+
+1. 用户修改密码
+2. 管理员修改用户密码
+3. 用户被禁用
+4. 用户角色发生变化
+
+这会带来一次明确的兼容收紧：升级完成后，部分历史 token 可能因为寿命策略或认证状态变化而失效，这是安全优先下的可接受行为。
+
+### 3. 配置读取访问控制
+
+为了避免继续让 `/api/v1/config/get` 承担“有时匿名、有时鉴权”的混合语义，本设计将公开配置读取拆成单独的 public 端点。
+
+#### 端点设计
+
+保留现有受保护端点：
+
+- `POST /api/v1/config/get`
+
+新增公开端点：
+
+- `POST /api/v1/public/config/get`
+
+middleware 仅对白名单 public 端点放行，不再放行 `/api/v1/config/get`。
+
+#### 公开白名单
+
+匿名仅允许读取以下配置：
+
+1. `app_name`
+2. `app_logo`
+3. `app_favicon`
+4. `app_bg_image`
+5. `cloudflare_site_key`
+
+理由：
+
+1. 登录页与未登录态品牌渲染依赖前四项。
+2. 登录页在 captcha 开启时需要读取 `cloudflare_site_key`。
+3. 其他配置不应暴露给匿名方。
+
+前端调整规则：
+
+1. 登录页和 `site.ts` 中的未登录态品牌配置读取改走 `/public/config/get`。
+2. 登录后页面仍使用现有 `/config/get` 或 `/config/list`。
+3. 已登录页面中的配置读取逻辑不变，只是恢复为真正受 JWT 保护。
+
+### 4. 配置写保护统一
+
+当前 `updateConfigs()` 与 `updateSingleConfig()` 各自维护不同限制逻辑，是本次越权写入漏洞的根源。本轮把配置访问规则统一收口为一套辅助函数。
+
+建议新增配置策略定义：
+
+```go
+type ConfigAccessPolicy struct {
+    PublicReadable bool
+    Sensitive      bool
+    CommercialOnly bool
+}
+```
+
+由统一函数返回某个 key 的策略，再由：
+
+1. `public config get`
+2. `config get`
+3. `config list`
+4. `updateConfigs()`
+5. `updateSingleConfig()`
+
+共同复用。
+
+敏感配置键至少包含：
+
+1. `jwt_secret`
+2. `license_key`
+3. `cloudflare_secret_key`
+
+这些键的写入规则：
+
+1. 不允许通过通用配置写接口改写。
+2. 不允许通过公开读取接口读取。
+3. 非管理员在配置列表接口中也不能获得。
+
+商业版白名单键继续沿用现有语义，例如：
+
+1. `app_name`
+2. `app_logo`
+3. `app_favicon`
+4. `hide_footer_brand`
+
+但其判断逻辑同样统一走同一套策略函数，避免再次出现单接口漏判。
+
+### 5. 备份导出与导入脱敏
+
+备份系统改为“默认安全导出”，而不是“完整明文镜像”。
+
+#### 导出
+
+`ExportAll()` 和 `ExportPartial(types=["configs"])` 在写入 `backup.Configs` 前都先经过统一过滤函数，移除敏感配置键。
+
+敏感配置键与配置写保护列表保持一致：
+
+1. `jwt_secret`
+2. `license_key`
+3. `cloudflare_secret_key`
+
+#### 导入
+
+导入配置时，即使旧备份中带有上述敏感键，也会在导入前被丢弃，不允许通过备份恢复路径覆盖在线安全配置。
+
+该设计的取舍如下：
+
+1. 保留大部分业务配置、节点、转发、用户数据的恢复能力。
+2. 不再把备份文件当作核心密钥分发载体。
+3. `UserBackup.Pwd` 仍然保留，以维持用户恢复语义；在本轮密码升级后，这些值将是 bcrypt 哈希，而不是 MD5。
+
+### 6. captcha 兼容行为
+
+`captcha_enabled`、`cloudflare_site_key`、`cloudflare_secret_key` 的现有兼容行为保持不变。
+
+明确保持以下现状：
+
+1. 当未完整配置 Cloudflare key 时，当前 contract test 约定的兼容路径继续存在。
+2. 本轮不把 captcha 兼容逻辑从“兼容旧行为”切换为“严格校验”。
+
+这样可以避免把一轮安全修复扩展成登录流程行为变更，同时与用户已确认的范围保持一致。
+
+## 错误处理与兼容行为
+
+### 错误处理
+
+保持现有 API envelope：`{code, msg, data, ts}`。
+
+建议的接口行为：
+
+1. `POST /api/v1/public/config/get` 请求非公开 key 时返回 `403`。
+2. 受保护配置端点未登录时返回 `401`。
+3. 登录、订阅接口、改密接口继续返回通用认证失败，不暴露“用户名存在但密码错误”等细节。
+4. token 因签名错误、过期、改密、禁用或角色变化失效时，统一返回现有 `401` 语义。
+5. 备份导入中出现敏感配置键时，接口整体仍允许成功导入其他数据，敏感键静默忽略。
+
+### 保留兼容
+
+1. 登录页和未登录态品牌展示继续可用。
+2. 未配置 Cloudflare secret 时的 captcha 兼容逻辑继续保留。
+3. 历史 MD5 用户仍可继续认证，并在成功后自动迁移。
+
+### 刻意收紧
+
+1. 匿名方不再可读取任意配置。
+2. 通用配置写接口不再能写入敏感键。
+3. 备份不再导出敏感配置明文。
+4. 改密、禁用和角色变化会立即使旧 token 失效。
+
+## 测试设计
+
+本轮以 Go 单测和 contract test 为主，覆盖以下场景。
+
+### 密码迁移
+
+1. 历史 MD5 用户在网页登录成功后，数据库中的 `pwd` 被升级为 bcrypt。
+2. 历史 MD5 用户在 `open_api/sub_store` 成功鉴权后，同样触发迁移。
+3. 新建用户后落库的是 bcrypt，而不是 MD5。
+4. 管理员修改用户密码和用户自助改密后，落库的是 bcrypt。
+
+### JWT 最小可撤销
+
+1. 正常 token 仍可访问受保护接口。
+2. 改密后旧 token 失效。
+3. 用户被禁用后旧 token 失效。
+4. 用户角色变化后旧 token 失效。
+5. 过期 token 失效。
+
+### 配置访问控制
+
+1. 匿名访问公开配置成功。
+2. 匿名访问非公开配置失败。
+3. 已登录页面需要的普通配置读取仍然可用。
+4. `updateSingleConfig()` 无法修改敏感键。
+5. `updateConfigs()` 同样无法修改敏感键。
+
+### 备份脱敏
+
+1. `ExportAll()` 不包含敏感配置。
+2. `ExportPartial(types=["configs"])` 不包含敏感配置。
+3. 导入带敏感键的备份时，这些键不会被写回数据库。
+4. 非敏感配置和其他业务数据仍可正常导入导出。
+
+### 迁移系统回归
+
+1. 现有 `repository_migrate_test.go` 保持通过。
+2. 本轮不对 `autoMigrateAll()` 与 `migrateSchema()` 的职责边界做行为性改动。
+
+## 验收标准
+
+1. 数据库中不再新增 MD5 密码。
+2. 历史 MD5 用户可在首次成功认证后自动升级到 bcrypt。
+3. 匿名调用方不能再读取非公开配置。
+4. `updateSingleConfig()` 和 `updateConfigs()` 都无法改写敏感配置键。
+5. 备份导出默认不包含 `jwt_secret`、`license_key`、`cloudflare_secret_key`。
+6. 改密、禁用和角色变化后，旧 JWT 立即失效。
+7. 登录页品牌展示和 captcha 兼容行为不被破坏。
+8. 现有迁移测试和本轮新增安全测试全部通过。
+
+## PR #502 处置
+
+PR #502 的价值在于指出了真实问题，但其实现方式只是把讽刺性注释写进生产代码，并未修复漏洞。因此该 PR 不应合并。
+
+执行阶段的处置方式：
+
+1. 关闭 PR #502。
+2. 在关闭说明中指出：问题成立，但修复将通过正式代码与测试提交完成，而不是通过向源文件加入讽刺性注释。
+3. 后续在新提交中按本设计逐项修复。
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/auth/jwt.go b/go-backend/internal/auth/jwt.go
index 3bc6d9f..7c9ecf6 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/auth/jwt.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/auth/jwt.go
@@ -12,12 +12,13 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	algorithm  = "HmacSHA256"
-	expireTime = 90 * 24 * time.Hour
+	expireTime = 7 * 24 * time.Hour
 )
 
 type Claims struct {
 	Sub    string `json:"sub"`
 	Iat    int64  `json:"iat"`
+	IatMs  int64  `json:"iat_ms"`
 	Exp    int64  `json:"exp"`
 	User   string `json:"user"`
 	Name   string `json:"name"`
@@ -30,11 +31,15 @@ type tokenHeader struct {
 }
 
 func GenerateToken(userID int64, username string, roleID int, secret string) (string, error) {
-	now := time.Now()
+	return GenerateTokenAt(userID, username, roleID, secret, time.Now())
+}
+
+func GenerateTokenAt(userID int64, username string, roleID int, secret string, now time.Time) (string, error) {
 	header := tokenHeader{Alg: algorithm, Typ: "JWT"}
 	claims := Claims{
 		Sub:    strconv.FormatInt(userID, 10),
 		Iat:    now.Unix(),
+		IatMs:  now.UnixMilli(),
 		Exp:    now.Add(expireTime).Unix(),
 		User:   username,
 		Name:   username,
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/auth/user_state.go b/go-backend/internal/auth/user_state.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d005b91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/auth/user_state.go
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package auth
+
+type UserAuthState struct {
+	ID                int64
+	RoleID            int
+	Status            int
+	PasswordChangedAt int64
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access.go b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ccd707
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access.go
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/http/response"
+	"go-backend/internal/store/repo"
+)
+
+func (h *Handler) getPublicConfigByName(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("请求失败"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req nameRequest
+	if err := decodeJSON(r.Body, &req); err != nil {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("配置名称不能为空"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	configName := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Name))
+	if configName == "" {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("配置名称不能为空"))
+		return
+	}
+	if !repo.IsPublicConfigKey(configName) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(403, "禁止访问敏感配置"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := h.repo.GetConfigByName(configName)
+	if err != nil {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
+		return
+	}
+	if cfg == nil {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("配置不存在"))
+		return
+	}
+
+	response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK(cfg))
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access_test.go b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd0792c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/config_access_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/auth"
+	"go-backend/internal/http/middleware"
+	"go-backend/internal/http/response"
+	"go-backend/internal/store/repo"
+)
+
+func TestPublicConfigGetAllowsBrandKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t)
+	seedConfigValue(t, r, "app_name", "FLVX Brand")
+	seedConfigValue(t, r, "app_logo", "logo-data")
+	seedConfigValue(t, r, "app_favicon", "favicon-data")
+	seedConfigValue(t, r, "app_bg_image", "bg-data")
+	seedConfigValue(t, r, "cloudflare_site_key", "site-key")
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/public/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"app_name"}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	assertHandlerCode(t, resp, 0)
+}
+
+func TestPublicConfigGetRejectsSensitiveKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	router, _ := setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/public/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"jwt_secret"}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	assertHandlerCodeMsg(t, resp, 403, "禁止访问敏感配置")
+}
+
+func TestConfigGetNowRequiresAuth(t *testing.T) {
+	router, _ := setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"app_name"}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	assertHandlerCodeMsg(t, resp, 401, "未登录或token已过期")
+}
+
+func TestConfigUpdateRejectsSensitiveKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	router, _ := setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t)
+	adminToken := mustGenerateConfigAccessToken(t, 1, "admin_user", 0)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/config/update", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"jwt_secret":"rotated-secret"}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", adminToken)
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	assertHandlerCodeMsg(t, resp, 403, "禁止访问敏感配置")
+}
+
+func TestConfigUpdateSingleRejectsSensitiveKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	router, _ := setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t)
+	adminToken := mustGenerateConfigAccessToken(t, 1, "admin_user", 0)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/config/update-single", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"jwt_secret","value":"rotated-secret"}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", adminToken)
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	assertHandlerCodeMsg(t, resp, 403, "禁止访问敏感配置")
+}
+
+func setupConfigAccessTestRouter(t *testing.T) (http.Handler, *repo.Repository) {
+	t.Helper()
+	r, err := repo.Open(t.TempDir() + "/config-access.db")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open sqlite: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		_ = r.Close()
+	})
+
+	h := New(r, "unit-test-secret")
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	h.Register(mux)
+	wrapped := middleware.Recover(mux)
+	wrapped = middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: "unit-test-secret", GetUserAuthState: h.GetUserAuthState})(wrapped)
+	wrapped = middleware.RequestLog(wrapped)
+	wrapped = middleware.CORS(wrapped)
+	return wrapped, r
+}
+
+func seedConfigValue(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, name, value string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := r.DB().Exec(`INSERT INTO vite_config(name, value, time) VALUES(?, ?, 0) ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET value = excluded.value, time = excluded.time`, name, value).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed config %s: %v", name, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func mustGenerateConfigAccessToken(t *testing.T, userID int64, username string, roleID int) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(userID, username, roleID, "unit-test-secret")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	return token
+}
+
+func assertHandlerCode(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder, expected int) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(rec.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("expected code %d, got %d", expected, out.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func assertHandlerCodeMsg(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder, expectedCode int, expectedMsg string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(rec.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != expectedCode || out.Msg != expectedMsg {
+		t.Fatalf("expected (%d,%q), got (%d,%q)", expectedCode, expectedMsg, out.Code, out.Msg)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/handler.go b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/handler.go
index c434b04..efdf721 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/handler.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/handler.go
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ func New(repo *repo.Repository, jwtSecret string) *Handler {
 		}
 		h.metrics.RecordNodeMetric(nodeID, metricInfo)
 	})
+	h.wsServer.SetUserAuthStateLookup(h.GetUserAuthState)
 	return h
 }
 
@@ -143,6 +144,10 @@ func (h *Handler) WebSocketHandler() http.Handler {
 	return h.wsServer
 }
 
+func (h *Handler) GetUserAuthState(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+	return h.repo.GetUserAuthState(userID)
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) Register(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/user/login", h.login)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/user/list", h.userList)
@@ -152,6 +157,7 @@ func (h *Handler) Register(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/user/reset", h.userResetFlow)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/user/quota/reset", h.userQuotaReset)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/user/groups", h.userGroups)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/public/config/get", h.getPublicConfigByName)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/config/get", h.getConfigByName)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/config/list", h.getConfigs)
 	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/config/update", h.updateConfigs)
@@ -334,7 +340,8 @@ func (h *Handler) login(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("账号或密码错误"))
 		return
 	}
-	if user.Pwd != security.MD5(req.Password) {
+	passwordMatched, passwordWasLegacy := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, req.Password)
+	if !passwordMatched {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("账号或密码错误"))
 		return
 	}
@@ -342,8 +349,20 @@ func (h *Handler) login(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("账号被停用"))
 		return
 	}
+	issueAt := time.Now()
+	if passwordWasLegacy {
+		updatedAt := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+		hashedPassword, err := security.HashPassword(req.Password)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("legacy password rehash skipped user_id=%d path=login err=%v", user.ID, err)
+		} else if err := h.repo.UpdateUserPassword(user.ID, hashedPassword, updatedAt); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("legacy password rehash update skipped user_id=%d path=login err=%v", user.ID, err)
+		} else {
+			issueAt = time.UnixMilli(updatedAt + 1)
+		}
+	}
 
-	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(user.ID, user.User, user.RoleID, h.jwtSecret)
+	token, err := auth.GenerateTokenAt(user.ID, user.User, user.RoleID, h.jwtSecret, issueAt)
 	if err != nil {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
 		return
@@ -557,10 +576,27 @@ func (h *Handler) openAPISubStore(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
 		return
 	}
-	if user == nil || user.Pwd != security.MD5(password) {
+	if user == nil {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("鉴权失败"))
 		return
 	}
+	passwordMatched, passwordWasLegacy := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, password)
+	if !passwordMatched {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("鉴权失败"))
+		return
+	}
+	if user.Status == 0 {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("账号被停用"))
+		return
+	}
+	if passwordWasLegacy {
+		hashedPassword, err := security.HashPassword(password)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("legacy password rehash skipped user_id=%d path=sub_store err=%v", user.ID, err)
+		} else if err := h.repo.UpdateUserPassword(user.ID, hashedPassword, time.Now().UnixMilli()); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("legacy password rehash update skipped user_id=%d path=sub_store err=%v", user.ID, err)
+		}
+	}
 
 	const giga = int64(1024 * 1024 * 1024)
 	headerValue := ""
@@ -948,6 +984,10 @@ func (h *Handler) updateConfigs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if key == "" {
 			continue
 		}
+		if repo.IsSensitiveConfigKey(key) {
+			response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(403, "禁止访问敏感配置"))
+			return
+		}
 
 		if protectedKeys[key] && isCommercial != "true" {
 			response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("需要商业版授权"))
@@ -985,6 +1025,10 @@ func (h *Handler) updateSingleConfig(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("配置名称不能为空"))
 		return
 	}
+	if repo.IsSensitiveConfigKey(name) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(403, "禁止访问敏感配置"))
+		return
+	}
 
 	isCommercial, _ := h.repo.GetViteConfigValue("is_commercial")
 	if (name == "app_name" || name == "app_logo" || name == "app_favicon" || name == "hide_footer_brand") && isCommercial != "true" {
@@ -1255,7 +1299,8 @@ func (h *Handler) updatePassword(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if user.Pwd != security.MD5(req.CurrentPassword) {
+	passwordMatched, _ := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, req.CurrentPassword)
+	if !passwordMatched {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.ErrDefault("当前密码错误"))
 		return
 	}
@@ -1270,7 +1315,12 @@ func (h *Handler) updatePassword(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := h.repo.UpdateUserNameAndPassword(userID, req.NewUsername, security.MD5(req.NewPassword), time.Now().UnixMilli()); err != nil {
+	hashedPassword, err := security.HashPassword(req.NewPassword)
+	if err != nil {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.repo.UpdateUserNameAndPassword(userID, req.NewUsername, hashedPassword, time.Now().UnixMilli()); err != nil {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
 		return
 	}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/mutations.go b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/mutations.go
index 5ac689e..6bcfbc9 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/http/handler/mutations.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/handler/mutations.go
@@ -71,7 +71,12 @@ func (h *Handler) userCreate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
 	maxConn := asInt(req["maxConn"], 0)
 
-	userID, err := h.repo.CreateUser(username, security.MD5(pwd), roleID, expTime, flow, flowResetTime, num, status, maxConn, now)
+	hashedPassword, err := security.HashPassword(pwd)
+	if err != nil {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
+		return
+	}
+	userID, err := h.repo.CreateUser(username, hashedPassword, roleID, expTime, flow, flowResetTime, num, status, maxConn, now)
 	if err != nil {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
 		return
@@ -176,7 +181,12 @@ func (h *Handler) userUpdate(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			return
 		}
 	} else {
-		if err := h.repo.UpdateUserWithPassword(id, username, security.MD5(pwd), flow, num, expTime, flowResetTime, status, maxConn, now); err != nil {
+		hashedPassword, err := security.HashPassword(pwd)
+		if err != nil {
+			response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
+			return
+		}
+		if err := h.repo.UpdateUserWithPassword(id, username, hashedPassword, flow, num, expTime, flowResetTime, status, maxConn, now); err != nil {
 			response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(-2, err.Error()))
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth.go b/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth.go
index c1ba1af..09fd77f 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package middleware
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"go-backend/internal/auth"
@@ -14,7 +15,8 @@ type contextKey string
 const ClaimsContextKey contextKey = "claims"
 
 type AuthOptions struct {
-	JWTSecret string
+	JWTSecret        string
+	GetUserAuthState func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error)
 }
 
 func JWT(opts AuthOptions) func(http.Handler) http.Handler {
@@ -42,6 +44,19 @@ func JWT(opts AuthOptions) func(http.Handler) http.Handler {
 				return
 			}
 
+			if opts.GetUserAuthState != nil {
+				userID, err := strconv.ParseInt(claims.Sub, 10, 64)
+				if err != nil {
+					response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(401, "无效的token或token已过期"))
+					return
+				}
+				state, err := opts.GetUserAuthState(userID)
+				if err != nil || state == nil || state.Status != 1 || state.RoleID != claims.RoleID || claims.IatMs <= state.PasswordChangedAt {
+					response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(401, "无效的token或token已过期"))
+					return
+				}
+			}
+
 			if requiresAdmin(r.URL.Path) && claims.RoleID != 0 {
 				response.WriteJSON(w, response.Err(403, "权限不足，仅管理员可操作"))
 				return
@@ -78,9 +93,11 @@ func shouldSkip(path string) bool {
 	case strings.HasPrefix(path, "/api/v1/captcha/"):
 		return true
 	case path == "/api/v1/config/get":
-		return true
+		return false
 	case path == "/api/v1/user/login":
 		return true
+	case path == "/api/v1/public/config/get":
+		return true
 	case path == "/api/v1/federation/connect":
 		return true
 	case path == "/api/v1/federation/tunnel/create":
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth_test.go b/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f80020c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/middleware/auth_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package middleware
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/auth"
+	"go-backend/internal/http/response"
+)
+
+func TestJWTRejectsPasswordChangedToken(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: claims.IatMs + 1}, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestJWTAcceptsCurrentUserState(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: claims.IatMs - 1}, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertCode(t, res, 0)
+}
+
+func TestJWTRejectsDisabledUserToken(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 0, PasswordChangedAt: time.Now().Unix()}, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestJWTRejectsPasswordChangedAtSameMillisecond(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: claims.IatMs}, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestJWTRejectsRoleMismatch(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 1, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestJWTRejectsMissingUserState(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return nil, nil
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestJWTRejectsAuthStateLookupError(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	wrapped := JWT(AuthOptions{
+		JWTSecret: secret,
+		GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return nil, errors.New("boom")
+		},
+	})(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
+	}))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/list", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	res := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	wrapped.ServeHTTP(res, req)
+	assertAuthDenied(t, res)
+}
+
+func TestShouldSkipDoesNotBypassConfigGet(t *testing.T) {
+	if shouldSkip("/api/v1/config/get") {
+		t.Fatal("expected /api/v1/config/get to require auth")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldSkipBypassesPublicConfigGet(t *testing.T) {
+	if !shouldSkip("/api/v1/public/config/get") {
+		t.Fatal("expected /api/v1/public/config/get to remain public")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJWTExpiresAfterSevenDays(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := claims.Exp - claims.Iat; got != int64(7*24*time.Hour/time.Second) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 7 day token lifetime, got %d seconds", got)
+	}
+	if claims.IatMs <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected millisecond issuance time to be populated, got %d", claims.IatMs)
+	}
+}
+
+func assertCode(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder, expected int) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(rec.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("expected code %d, got %d", expected, out.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func assertAuthDenied(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder) {
+	t.Helper()
+	assertCodeMsg(t, rec, 401, "无效的token或token已过期")
+}
+
+func assertCodeMsg(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder, expectedCode int, expectedMsg string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(rec.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != expectedCode || out.Msg != expectedMsg {
+		t.Fatalf("expected (%d,%q), got (%d,%q)", expectedCode, expectedMsg, out.Code, out.Msg)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/http/router.go b/go-backend/internal/http/router.go
index a18ed47..5e04a25 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/http/router.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/http/router.go
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ func NewRouter(h *handler.Handler, jwtSecret string) http.Handler {
 	mux.Handle("/system-info", h.WebSocketHandler())
 
 	wrapped := middleware.Recover(mux)
-	wrapped = middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: jwtSecret})(wrapped)
+	wrapped = middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: jwtSecret, GetUserAuthState: h.GetUserAuthState})(wrapped)
 	wrapped = middleware.RequestLog(wrapped)
 	wrapped = middleware.CORS(wrapped)
 	return wrapped
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/security/password.go b/go-backend/internal/security/password.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ed5597
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/security/password.go
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package security
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+func HashPassword(plain string) (string, error) {
+	hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(plain), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return string(hash), nil
+}
+
+func VerifyPassword(storedHash, plain string) (bool, bool) {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(storedHash, "$2") {
+		return bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(storedHash), []byte(plain)) == nil, false
+	}
+	if MD5(plain) == storedHash {
+		return true, true
+	}
+	return false, false
+}
+
+func IsLegacyPasswordHash(storedHash string) bool {
+	storedHash = strings.TrimSpace(storedHash)
+	if len(storedHash) != 32 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, r := range storedHash {
+		if (r >= '0' && r <= '9') || (r >= 'a' && r <= 'f') || (r >= 'A' && r <= 'F') {
+			continue
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/security/password_test.go b/go-backend/internal/security/password_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb8227e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/security/password_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package security
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestHashPasswordProducesBcrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	hash, err := HashPassword("admin_user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("HashPassword() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(hash) < 50 || !strings.HasPrefix(hash, "$2") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected bcrypt hash, got %q", hash)
+	}
+	if ok, legacy := VerifyPassword(hash, "admin_user"); !ok || legacy {
+		t.Fatalf("VerifyPassword() = (%v,%v), want (true,false)", ok, legacy)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVerifyPasswordAcceptsLegacyMD5(t *testing.T) {
+	if ok, legacy := VerifyPassword("3c85cdebade1c51cf64ca9f3c09d182d", "admin_user"); !ok || !legacy {
+		t.Fatalf("VerifyPassword() = (%v,%v), want (true,true)", ok, legacy)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsLegacyPasswordHash(t *testing.T) {
+	if !IsLegacyPasswordHash("3c85cdebade1c51cf64ca9f3c09d182d") {
+		t.Fatal("expected 32-char hex MD5 hash to be legacy")
+	}
+	hash, err := HashPassword("admin_user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("HashPassword() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if IsLegacyPasswordHash(hash) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected bcrypt hash not to be legacy: %q", hash)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/model/model.go b/go-backend/internal/store/model/model.go
index 965c6fe..488d139 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/store/model/model.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/model/model.go
@@ -10,20 +10,21 @@ import "database/sql"
 // User maps to the "user" table. PostgreSQL treats "user" as a reserved
 // word, so TableName() is required for correct quoting.
 type User struct {
-	ID            int64         `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
-	User          string        `gorm:"column:user;type:varchar(100);not null"`
-	Pwd           string        `gorm:"type:varchar(100);not null"`
-	RoleID        int           `gorm:"column:role_id;not null"`
-	ExpTime       int64         `gorm:"column:exp_time;not null"`
-	Flow          int64         `gorm:"not null"`
-	InFlow        int64         `gorm:"column:in_flow;not null;default:0"`
-	OutFlow       int64         `gorm:"column:out_flow;not null;default:0"`
-	FlowResetTime int64         `gorm:"column:flow_reset_time;not null"`
-	Num           int           `gorm:"not null"`
-	CreatedTime   int64         `gorm:"column:created_time;not null"`
-	UpdatedTime   sql.NullInt64 `gorm:"column:updated_time"`
-	Status        int           `gorm:"not null"`
-	MaxConn       int           `gorm:"column:max_conn;not null;default:0"`
+	ID                int64         `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
+	User              string        `gorm:"column:user;type:varchar(100);not null"`
+	Pwd               string        `gorm:"type:varchar(100);not null"`
+	RoleID            int           `gorm:"column:role_id;not null"`
+	ExpTime           int64         `gorm:"column:exp_time;not null"`
+	Flow              int64         `gorm:"not null"`
+	InFlow            int64         `gorm:"column:in_flow;not null;default:0"`
+	OutFlow           int64         `gorm:"column:out_flow;not null;default:0"`
+	FlowResetTime     int64         `gorm:"column:flow_reset_time;not null"`
+	Num               int           `gorm:"not null"`
+	CreatedTime       int64         `gorm:"column:created_time;not null"`
+	UpdatedTime       sql.NullInt64 `gorm:"column:updated_time"`
+	Status            int           `gorm:"not null"`
+	PasswordChangedAt int64         `gorm:"column:password_changed_at;not null;default:0"`
+	MaxConn           int           `gorm:"column:max_conn;not null;default:0"`
 }
 
 func (User) TableName() string { return "user" }
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df4c41c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package repo
+
+import "strings"
+
+type ConfigAccessPolicy string
+
+const (
+	ConfigAccessPublic    ConfigAccessPolicy = "public"
+	ConfigAccessSensitive ConfigAccessPolicy = "sensitive"
+)
+
+var publicConfigKeys = map[string]struct{}{
+	"app_name":            {},
+	"app_logo":            {},
+	"app_favicon":         {},
+	"app_bg_image":        {},
+	"cloudflare_site_key": {},
+}
+
+var sensitiveConfigKeys = map[string]struct{}{
+	"jwt_secret":            {},
+	"license_key":           {},
+	"cloudflare_secret_key": {},
+}
+
+func PolicyForConfig(name string) ConfigAccessPolicy {
+	if IsPublicConfigKey(name) {
+		return ConfigAccessPublic
+	}
+	if IsSensitiveConfigKey(name) {
+		return ConfigAccessSensitive
+	}
+	return ConfigAccessSensitive
+}
+
+func IsPublicConfigKey(name string) bool {
+	_, ok := publicConfigKeys[normalizeConfigKey(name)]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func IsSensitiveConfigKey(name string) bool {
+	_, ok := sensitiveConfigKeys[normalizeConfigKey(name)]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func FilterSensitiveConfigs(in map[string]string) map[string]string {
+	if len(in) == 0 {
+		return map[string]string{}
+	}
+	out := make(map[string]string, len(in))
+	for name, value := range in {
+		if IsSensitiveConfigKey(name) {
+			continue
+		}
+		out[name] = value
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func normalizeConfigKey(name string) string {
+	return strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(name))
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy_test.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4697cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/config_policy_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package repo
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestConfigPolicy(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		key  string
+		want ConfigAccessPolicy
+	}{
+		{name: "app_name is public", key: "app_name", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+		{name: "app_logo is public", key: "app_logo", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+		{name: "app_favicon is public", key: "app_favicon", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+		{name: "app_bg_image is public", key: "app_bg_image", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+		{name: "cloudflare_site_key is public", key: "cloudflare_site_key", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+		{name: "jwt_secret is sensitive", key: "jwt_secret", want: ConfigAccessSensitive},
+		{name: "license_key is sensitive", key: "license_key", want: ConfigAccessSensitive},
+		{name: "cloudflare_secret_key is sensitive", key: "cloudflare_secret_key", want: ConfigAccessSensitive},
+		{name: "trimmed public key is public", key: "  APP_NAME  ", want: ConfigAccessPublic},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := PolicyForConfig(tt.key); got != tt.want {
+				t.Fatalf("PolicyForConfig(%q) = %v, want %v", tt.key, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConfigPolicyHelpers(t *testing.T) {
+	publicKeys := []string{"app_name", "app_logo", "app_favicon", "app_bg_image", "cloudflare_site_key"}
+	for _, key := range publicKeys {
+		if !IsPublicConfigKey(key) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected %q to be public", key)
+		}
+	}
+
+	sensitiveKeys := []string{"jwt_secret", "license_key", "cloudflare_secret_key"}
+	for _, key := range sensitiveKeys {
+		if !IsSensitiveConfigKey(key) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected %q to be sensitive", key)
+		}
+	}
+
+	input := map[string]string{
+		"app_name":              "FLVX",
+		"license_key":           "secret-license",
+		"cloudflare_secret_key": "secret-cloudflare",
+		"jwt_secret":            "secret-jwt",
+		"cloudflare_site_key":   "site-key",
+	}
+	filtered := FilterSensitiveConfigs(input)
+	if len(filtered) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 public configs, got %d", len(filtered))
+	}
+	if filtered["app_name"] != "FLVX" || filtered["cloudflare_site_key"] != "site-key" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected filtered configs: %+v", filtered)
+	}
+	if _, ok := filtered["jwt_secret"]; ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected jwt_secret to be filtered out")
+	}
+	if _, ok := filtered["license_key"]; ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected license_key to be filtered out")
+	}
+	if _, ok := filtered["cloudflare_secret_key"]; ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected cloudflare_secret_key to be filtered out")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository.go
index 0debbd5..b4a5d2f 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository.go
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package repo
 
 import (
+	"crypto/rand"
 	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
@@ -19,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 
+	"go-backend/internal/security"
 	"go-backend/internal/store/model"
 )
 
@@ -416,13 +419,23 @@ func prepareSQLiteLegacyColumns(db *gorm.DB) error {
 }
 
 func seedData(db *gorm.DB) {
-	adminUser := model.User{
-		ID: 1, User: "admin_user", Pwd: "3c85cdebade1c51cf64ca9f3c09d182d",
-		RoleID: 0, ExpTime: 2727251700000, Flow: 99999, InFlow: 0, OutFlow: 0,
-		FlowResetTime: 1, Num: 99999, CreatedTime: 1748914865000,
-		UpdatedTime: sql.NullInt64{Int64: 1754011744252, Valid: true}, Status: 1,
+	var adminCount int64
+	if err := db.Model(&model.User{}).Where("id = ?", 1).Count(&adminCount).Error; err == nil && adminCount == 0 {
+		adminPwd, err := security.HashPassword("admin_user")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("seed admin password hash failed: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			adminUser := model.User{
+				ID: 1, User: "admin_user", Pwd: adminPwd,
+				RoleID: 0, ExpTime: 2727251700000, Flow: 99999, InFlow: 0, OutFlow: 0,
+				FlowResetTime: 1, Num: 99999, CreatedTime: 1748914865000,
+				UpdatedTime:       sql.NullInt64{Int64: 1754011744252, Valid: true},
+				Status:            1,
+				PasswordChangedAt: 1748914865000,
+			}
+			db.Create(&adminUser)
+		}
 	}
-	db.Where("id = ?", 1).FirstOrCreate(&adminUser)
 
 	appNameConfig := model.ViteConfig{ID: 1, Name: "app_name", Value: "flux", Time: 1755147963000}
 	db.Where("id = ?", 1).FirstOrCreate(&appNameConfig)
@@ -486,9 +499,10 @@ func (r *Repository) UpdateUserNameAndPassword(userID int64, username, passwordM
 		return errors.New("repository not initialized")
 	}
 	return r.db.Model(&model.User{}).Where("id = ?", userID).Updates(map[string]interface{}{
-		"user":         username,
-		"pwd":          passwordMD5,
-		"updated_time": now,
+		"user":                username,
+		"pwd":                 passwordMD5,
+		"password_changed_at": now,
+		"updated_time":        now,
 	}).Error
 }
 
@@ -1890,7 +1904,7 @@ func (r *Repository) ExportAll() (*model.BackupData, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("export configs failed: %w", err)
 	}
-	backup.Configs = configs
+	backup.Configs = FilterSensitiveConfigs(configs)
 
 	return backup, nil
 }
@@ -1970,7 +1984,7 @@ func (r *Repository) ExportPartial(types []string) (*model.BackupData, error) {
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("export configs failed: %w", err)
 		}
-		backup.Configs = v
+		backup.Configs = FilterSensitiveConfigs(v)
 	}
 	return backup, nil
 }
@@ -2352,26 +2366,31 @@ func (r *Repository) Import(backup *model.BackupData, types []string) (*model.Im
 func importUsers(tx *gorm.DB, users []model.UserBackup, now int64) (int, error) {
 	count := 0
 	for _, u := range users {
-		item := model.User{
-			ID:            u.ID,
-			User:          u.User,
-			Pwd:           u.Pwd,
-			RoleID:        u.RoleID,
-			ExpTime:       u.ExpTime,
-			Flow:          u.Flow,
-			InFlow:        u.InFlow,
-			OutFlow:       u.OutFlow,
-			FlowResetTime: u.FlowResetTime,
-			Num:           u.Num,
-			CreatedTime:   u.CreatedTime,
-			UpdatedTime:   sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
-			Status:        u.Status,
+		pwdHash, status, err := normalizeImportedUserPassword(u.Pwd, u.Status)
+		if err != nil {
+			return count, err
 		}
-		err := tx.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{
+		item := model.User{
+			ID:                u.ID,
+			User:              u.User,
+			Pwd:               pwdHash,
+			RoleID:            u.RoleID,
+			ExpTime:           u.ExpTime,
+			Flow:              u.Flow,
+			InFlow:            u.InFlow,
+			OutFlow:           u.OutFlow,
+			FlowResetTime:     u.FlowResetTime,
+			Num:               u.Num,
+			CreatedTime:       u.CreatedTime,
+			UpdatedTime:       sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
+			Status:            status,
+			PasswordChangedAt: now,
+		}
+		err = tx.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{
 			Columns: []clause.Column{{Name: "id"}},
 			DoUpdates: clause.AssignmentColumns([]string{
 				"user", "pwd", "role_id", "exp_time", "flow", "in_flow", "out_flow",
-				"flow_reset_time", "num", "updated_time", "status",
+				"flow_reset_time", "num", "updated_time", "status", "password_changed_at",
 			}),
 		}).Create(&item).Error
 		if err != nil {
@@ -2415,6 +2434,33 @@ func importUsers(tx *gorm.DB, users []model.UserBackup, now int64) (int, error)
 	return count, nil
 }
 
+func normalizeImportedUserPassword(password string, status int) (string, int, error) {
+	password = strings.TrimSpace(password)
+	if strings.HasPrefix(password, "$2") {
+		return password, status, nil
+	}
+	if security.IsLegacyPasswordHash(password) || password == "" {
+		replacement, err := randomPasswordHash()
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", status, err
+		}
+		return replacement, 0, nil
+	}
+	hash, err := security.HashPassword(password)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", status, err
+	}
+	return hash, status, nil
+}
+
+func randomPasswordHash() (string, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(buf); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return security.HashPassword(hex.EncodeToString(buf))
+}
+
 func importNodes(tx *gorm.DB, nodes []model.NodeBackup, now int64) (int, error) {
 	count := 0
 	for _, n := range nodes {
@@ -2726,6 +2772,7 @@ func importPermissions(tx *gorm.DB, permissions []model.PermissionBackup, _ int6
 }
 
 func importConfigs(tx *gorm.DB, configs map[string]string, now int64) (int, error) {
+	configs = FilterSensitiveConfigs(configs)
 	count := 0
 	for name, value := range configs {
 		err := tx.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f80823
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package repo
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/auth"
+	"go-backend/internal/store/model"
+)
+
+func (r *Repository) GetUserAuthState(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+	if r == nil || r.db == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("repository not initialized")
+	}
+	var user struct {
+		ID                int64 `gorm:"column:id"`
+		RoleID            int   `gorm:"column:role_id"`
+		Status            int   `gorm:"column:status"`
+		PasswordChangedAt int64 `gorm:"column:password_changed_at"`
+	}
+	if err := r.db.Model(&model.User{}).Select("id", "role_id", "status", "password_changed_at").Where("id = ?", userID).First(&user).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, normalizeNotFoundErr(err)
+	}
+	return &auth.UserAuthState{
+		ID:                user.ID,
+		RoleID:            user.RoleID,
+		Status:            user.Status,
+		PasswordChangedAt: user.PasswordChangedAt,
+	}, nil
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth_test.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19a3949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_auth_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package repo
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestGetUserAuthStateReturnsPasswordChangedAt(t *testing.T) {
+	r, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "auth.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Open() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	userID, err := r.CreateUser("admin_user", "pwd", 0, 2727251700000, 99999, 1, 99999, 1, 0, now)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CreateUser() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	state, err := r.GetUserAuthState(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GetUserAuthState() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if state == nil || state.PasswordChangedAt != now || state.Status != 1 || state.RoleID != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected auth state: %+v", state)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_backup_test.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_backup_test.go
index e205459..f55d363 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_backup_test.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_backup_test.go
@@ -4,8 +4,33 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/security"
+	"go-backend/internal/store/model"
 )
 
+func TestSeedDataDefaultAdminUsesBcrypt(t *testing.T) {
+	r, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "seed.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open repo: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	admin, err := r.GetUserByUsername("admin_user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get admin user: %v", err)
+	}
+	if admin == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected seeded admin user")
+	}
+	if security.IsLegacyPasswordHash(admin.Pwd) {
+		t.Fatalf("seeded admin password is legacy MD5: %q", admin.Pwd)
+	}
+	if ok, legacy := security.VerifyPassword(admin.Pwd, "admin_user"); !ok || legacy {
+		t.Fatalf("VerifyPassword() = (%v,%v), want (true,false)", ok, legacy)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBackupRoundTripsTunnelProbeTarget(t *testing.T) {
 	source, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "source.db"))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -57,3 +82,157 @@ func TestBackupRoundTripsTunnelProbeTarget(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected imported probe target: %+v", items[0])
 	}
 }
+
+func TestExportAllOmitsSensitiveConfigs(t *testing.T) {
+	r, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "export.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open repo: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	seedConfig(t, r, "app_name", "FLVX")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "app_logo", "logo")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "app_favicon", "favicon")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "app_bg_image", "bg")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "cloudflare_site_key", "site-key")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "jwt_secret", "jwt-secret")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "license_key", "license-secret")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "cloudflare_secret_key", "cloudflare-secret")
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name   string
+		export func() (*model.BackupData, error)
+	}{
+		{name: "ExportAll", export: r.ExportAll},
+		{name: "ExportPartial", export: func() (*model.BackupData, error) { return r.ExportPartial([]string{"configs"}) }},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			backup, err := tc.export()
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("export backup: %v", err)
+			}
+			if backup.Configs["app_name"] != "FLVX" {
+				t.Fatalf("expected public config in export, got %+v", backup.Configs)
+			}
+			if backup.Configs["cloudflare_site_key"] != "site-key" {
+				t.Fatalf("expected public config in export, got %+v", backup.Configs)
+			}
+			for _, key := range []string{"jwt_secret", "license_key", "cloudflare_secret_key"} {
+				if _, ok := backup.Configs[key]; ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %s to be omitted from export, got %+v", key, backup.Configs)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestImportIgnoresSensitiveConfigs(t *testing.T) {
+	r, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "import.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open repo: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	seedConfig(t, r, "app_name", "before")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "jwt_secret", "jwt-before")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "license_key", "license-before")
+	seedConfig(t, r, "cloudflare_secret_key", "cloudflare-before")
+
+	backup := &model.BackupData{Configs: map[string]string{
+		"app_name":              "after",
+		"jwt_secret":            "jwt-after",
+		"license_key":           "license-after",
+		"cloudflare_secret_key": "cloudflare-after",
+	}}
+
+	result, err := r.Import(backup, []string{"configs"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("import backup: %v", err)
+	}
+	if result.ConfigsImported != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one imported config, got %d", result.ConfigsImported)
+	}
+
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "app_name", "after")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "jwt_secret", "jwt-before")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "license_key", "license-before")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "cloudflare_secret_key", "cloudflare-before")
+}
+
+func TestImportUsersDoesNotStoreLegacyMD5Passwords(t *testing.T) {
+	r, err := Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "legacy-user-import.db"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open repo: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer r.Close()
+
+	now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	backup := &model.BackupData{
+		Version: "1.0",
+		Users: []model.UserBackup{{
+			ID:            55,
+			User:          "legacy-import-user",
+			Pwd:           "3c85cdebade1c51cf64ca9f3c09d182d",
+			RoleID:        1,
+			ExpTime:       2727251700000,
+			Flow:          99999,
+			InFlow:        0,
+			OutFlow:       0,
+			FlowResetTime: 1,
+			Num:           99999,
+			CreatedTime:   now,
+			UpdatedTime:   now,
+			Status:        1,
+		}},
+	}
+
+	result, err := r.Import(backup, []string{"users"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Import() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if result.UsersImported != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("UsersImported = %d, want 1", result.UsersImported)
+	}
+
+	user, err := r.GetUserByUsername("legacy-import-user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get imported user: %v", err)
+	}
+	if user == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected imported user")
+	}
+	if security.IsLegacyPasswordHash(user.Pwd) {
+		t.Fatalf("imported password remained legacy MD5: %q", user.Pwd)
+	}
+	if ok, _ := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, "admin_user"); ok {
+		t.Fatal("legacy imported password should not remain usable")
+	}
+	if user.Status != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy imported user status = %d, want disabled status 0", user.Status)
+	}
+	if user.PasswordChangedAt <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("PasswordChangedAt = %d, want import revocation timestamp", user.PasswordChangedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func seedConfig(t *testing.T, r *Repository, name, value string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := r.DB().Exec(`
+		INSERT INTO vite_config(name, value, time)
+		VALUES(?, ?, ?)
+		ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET value = excluded.value, time = excluded.time
+	`, name, value, time.Now().UnixMilli()).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed config %s: %v", name, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func assertConfigValue(t *testing.T, r *Repository, name, want string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	cfg, err := r.GetConfigByName(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get config %s: %v", name, err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || cfg.Value != want {
+		t.Fatalf("expected config %s=%q, got %+v", name, want, cfg)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_mutations.go b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_mutations.go
index 54f2cdc..6e8b53d 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_mutations.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/store/repo/repository_mutations.go
@@ -42,19 +42,20 @@ func (r *Repository) CreateUser(username, pwdHash string, roleID int, expTime, f
 		return 0, errors.New("repository not initialized")
 	}
 	user := model.User{
-		User:          username,
-		Pwd:           pwdHash,
-		RoleID:        roleID,
-		ExpTime:       expTime,
-		Flow:          flow,
-		InFlow:        0,
-		OutFlow:       0,
-		FlowResetTime: flowResetTime,
-		Num:           num,
-		MaxConn:       maxConn,
-		CreatedTime:   now,
-		UpdatedTime:   sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
-		Status:        status,
+		User:              username,
+		Pwd:               pwdHash,
+		RoleID:            roleID,
+		ExpTime:           expTime,
+		Flow:              flow,
+		InFlow:            0,
+		OutFlow:           0,
+		FlowResetTime:     flowResetTime,
+		Num:               num,
+		MaxConn:           maxConn,
+		CreatedTime:       now,
+		UpdatedTime:       sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
+		Status:            status,
+		PasswordChangedAt: now,
 	}
 	if err := r.db.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
 		return 0, err
@@ -81,15 +82,16 @@ func (r *Repository) UpdateUserWithPassword(id int64, username, pwdHash string,
 	return r.db.Model(&model.User{}).
 		Where("id = ?", id).
 		Updates(map[string]interface{}{
-			"user":            username,
-			"pwd":             pwdHash,
-			"flow":            flow,
-			"num":             num,
-			"exp_time":        expTime,
-			"flow_reset_time": flowResetTime,
-			"status":          status,
-			"max_conn":        maxConn,
-			"updated_time":    sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
+			"user":                username,
+			"pwd":                 pwdHash,
+			"flow":                flow,
+			"num":                 num,
+			"exp_time":            expTime,
+			"flow_reset_time":     flowResetTime,
+			"status":              status,
+			"max_conn":            maxConn,
+			"password_changed_at": now,
+			"updated_time":        sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
 		}).Error
 }
 
@@ -111,6 +113,19 @@ func (r *Repository) UpdateUserWithoutPassword(id int64, username string, flow i
 		}).Error
 }
 
+func (r *Repository) UpdateUserPassword(userID int64, pwdHash string, now int64) error {
+	if r == nil || r.db == nil {
+		return errors.New("repository not initialized")
+	}
+	return r.db.Model(&model.User{}).
+		Where("id = ?", userID).
+		Updates(map[string]interface{}{
+			"pwd":                 pwdHash,
+			"password_changed_at": now,
+			"updated_time":        sql.NullInt64{Int64: now, Valid: true},
+		}).Error
+}
+
 func (r *Repository) PropagateUserFlowToTunnels(userID int64, flow int64, num int, expTime, flowResetTime int64) {
 	if r == nil || r.db == nil {
 		return
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/ws/server.go b/go-backend/internal/ws/server.go
index 52ff3bf..82d5b2b 100644
--- a/go-backend/internal/ws/server.go
+++ b/go-backend/internal/ws/server.go
@@ -42,6 +42,12 @@ type nodeSession struct {
 	crypto *security.AESCrypto // 缓存的 AES 加密器，避免每条消息重建
 }
 
+type adminSession struct {
+	userID int64
+	claims auth.Claims
+	conn   *connWrap
+}
+
 type commandResponse struct {
 	Type      string          `json:"type"`
 	Success   bool            `json:"success"`
@@ -74,9 +80,10 @@ type Server struct {
 	upgrader     websocket.Upgrader
 	onNodeOnline func(nodeID int64)
 	onNodeMetric func(nodeID int64, info SystemInfo)
+	getUserAuthState func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error)
 
 	mu      sync.RWMutex
-	admins  map[*connWrap]struct{}
+	admins  map[*adminSession]struct{}
 	nodes   map[int64]*nodeSession
 	byConn  map[*websocket.Conn]*nodeSession
 	pending map[string]pendingRequest
@@ -123,13 +130,22 @@ func NewServer(repo *repo.Repository, jwtSecret string) *Server {
 		upgrader: websocket.Upgrader{
 			CheckOrigin: func(r *http.Request) bool { return true },
 		},
-		admins:  make(map[*connWrap]struct{}),
+		admins:  make(map[*adminSession]struct{}),
 		nodes:   make(map[int64]*nodeSession),
 		byConn:  make(map[*websocket.Conn]*nodeSession),
 		pending: make(map[string]pendingRequest),
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *Server) SetUserAuthStateLookup(fn func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error)) {
+	if s == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	s.getUserAuthState = fn
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
 func (s *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	query := r.URL.Query()
 	typeVal := query.Get("type")
@@ -146,18 +162,32 @@ func (s *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	if typeVal == "0" {
-		if _, ok := auth.ValidateToken(secret, s.jwtSecret); !ok {
+		claims, ok := auth.ValidateToken(secret, s.jwtSecret)
+		if !ok {
 			http.Error(w, "forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
 			return
 		}
-		s.handleAdmin(w, r)
+		userID, err := strconv.ParseInt(claims.Sub, 10, 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			http.Error(w, "forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
+			return
+		}
+		if claims.RoleID != 0 {
+			http.Error(w, "forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
+			return
+		}
+		if !s.validateAdminSession(userID, claims) {
+			http.Error(w, "forbidden", http.StatusForbidden)
+			return
+		}
+		s.handleAdmin(w, r, userID, claims)
 		return
 	}
 
 	http.Error(w, "bad request", http.StatusBadRequest)
 }
 
-func (s *Server) handleAdmin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+func (s *Server) handleAdmin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, userID int64, claims auth.Claims) {
 	conn, err := s.upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
@@ -168,16 +198,19 @@ func (s *Server) handleAdmin(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(wsPongWait))
 	})
 	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go startKeepalive(cw, done)
+	session := &adminSession{userID: userID, claims: claims, conn: cw}
+	go startKeepalive(cw, done, func() bool {
+		return s.validateAdminSession(session.userID, session.claims)
+	})
 
 	s.mu.Lock()
-	s.admins[cw] = struct{}{}
+	s.admins[session] = struct{}{}
 	s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	defer func() {
 		close(done)
 		s.mu.Lock()
-		delete(s.admins, cw)
+		delete(s.admins, session)
 		s.mu.Unlock()
 		_ = conn.Close()
 	}()
@@ -200,7 +233,7 @@ func (s *Server) handleNode(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, nodeID int64
 		return conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(wsPongWait))
 	})
 	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go startKeepalive(cw, done)
+	go startKeepalive(cw, done, nil)
 
 	version := r.URL.Query().Get("version")
 	httpVal := parseIntDefault(r.URL.Query().Get("http"), 0)
@@ -554,18 +587,21 @@ func (s *Server) broadcastTyped(nodeID int64, msgType string, data string) {
 
 func (s *Server) broadcastToAdmins(message string) {
 	s.mu.RLock()
-	admins := make([]*connWrap, 0, len(s.admins))
+	admins := make([]*adminSession, 0, len(s.admins))
 	for c := range s.admins {
 		admins = append(admins, c)
 	}
 	s.mu.RUnlock()
 
 	for _, c := range admins {
-		c.mu.Lock()
-		_ = c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(wsWriteWait))
-		err := c.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(message))
-		_ = c.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
-		c.mu.Unlock()
+		if c == nil || c.conn == nil || c.conn.conn == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		c.conn.mu.Lock()
+		_ = c.conn.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(wsWriteWait))
+		err := c.conn.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.TextMessage, []byte(message))
+		_ = c.conn.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
+		c.conn.mu.Unlock()
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Printf("websocket broadcast failed: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -602,7 +638,24 @@ func parseIntDefault(v string, fallback int) int {
 	return x
 }
 
-func startKeepalive(cw *connWrap, done <-chan struct{}) {
+func (s *Server) validateAdminSession(userID int64, claims auth.Claims) bool {
+	if s == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if claims.Exp <= time.Now().Unix() {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.getUserAuthState == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	state, err := s.getUserAuthState(userID)
+	if err != nil || state == nil || state.Status != 1 || state.RoleID != claims.RoleID || claims.IatMs <= state.PasswordChangedAt {
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func startKeepalive(cw *connWrap, done <-chan struct{}, validate func() bool) {
 	if cw == nil || cw.conn == nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -614,6 +667,10 @@ func startKeepalive(cw *connWrap, done <-chan struct{}) {
 		case <-done:
 			return
 		case <-ticker.C:
+			if validate != nil && !validate() {
+				_ = cw.conn.Close()
+				return
+			}
 			cw.mu.Lock()
 			_ = cw.conn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(wsWriteWait))
 			err := cw.conn.WriteMessage(websocket.PingMessage, nil)
diff --git a/go-backend/internal/ws/server_test.go b/go-backend/internal/ws/server_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1322ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/go-backend/internal/ws/server_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package ws
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go-backend/internal/auth"
+)
+
+func TestServeHTTPRejectsDisabledAdminToken(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	server := NewServer(nil, secret)
+	server.SetUserAuthStateLookup(func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+		return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 0, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/system-info?type=0&secret="+url.QueryEscape(token), nil)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	server.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected forbidden for disabled admin token, got %d", rec.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServeHTTPRejectsNonAdminToken(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(2, "normal_user", 1, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	server := NewServer(nil, secret)
+	server.SetUserAuthStateLookup(func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+		return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 1, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/system-info?type=0&secret="+url.QueryEscape(token), nil)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	server.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusForbidden {
+		t.Fatalf("expected forbidden for non-admin token, got %d", rec.Code)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateAdminSessionRejectsAuthStateChanges(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		state *auth.UserAuthState
+	}{
+		{name: "disabled", state: &auth.UserAuthState{ID: 1, RoleID: 0, Status: 0, PasswordChangedAt: 0}},
+		{name: "role changed", state: &auth.UserAuthState{ID: 1, RoleID: 1, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}},
+		{name: "password changed", state: &auth.UserAuthState{ID: 1, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: claims.IatMs + 1}},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := NewServer(nil, secret)
+			server.SetUserAuthStateLookup(func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+				return tt.state, nil
+			})
+
+			if ok := server.validateAdminSession(1, claims); ok {
+				t.Fatalf("expected session validation to fail for %s state", tt.name)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateAdminSessionRejectsExpiredToken(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "unit-test-secret"
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := auth.ParseClaims(token, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("parse claims: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims.Exp = 1
+
+	server := NewServer(nil, secret)
+	server.SetUserAuthStateLookup(func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+		return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+	})
+
+	if ok := server.validateAdminSession(1, claims); ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected expired token to be rejected")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/go-backend/tests/contract/auth_contract_test.go b/go-backend/tests/contract/auth_contract_test.go
index 43d01c8..9789994 100644
--- a/go-backend/tests/contract/auth_contract_test.go
+++ b/go-backend/tests/contract/auth_contract_test.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package contract_test
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"go-backend/internal/auth"
 	"go-backend/internal/http/middleware"
 	"go-backend/internal/http/response"
+	"go-backend/internal/security"
 )
 
 func TestJWTMiddlewareContracts(t *testing.T) {
@@ -18,7 +20,9 @@ func TestJWTMiddlewareContracts(t *testing.T) {
 		response.WriteJSON(w, response.OK("pass"))
 	})
 
-	wrapped := middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: secret})(next)
+	wrapped := middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: secret, GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+		return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 0, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+	}})(next)
 
 	t.Run("login path is excluded", func(t *testing.T) {
 		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/login", nil)
@@ -59,6 +63,9 @@ func TestJWTMiddlewareContracts(t *testing.T) {
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
 		}
+		wrapped := middleware.JWT(middleware.AuthOptions{JWTSecret: secret, GetUserAuthState: func(userID int64) (*auth.UserAuthState, error) {
+			return &auth.UserAuthState{ID: userID, RoleID: 1, Status: 1, PasswordChangedAt: 0}, nil
+		}})(next)
 		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/config/update", nil)
 		req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
 		res := httptest.NewRecorder()
@@ -67,6 +74,83 @@ func TestJWTMiddlewareContracts(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestLoginTokenValidatesThroughRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	seedLegacyUser(t, r, 9110, "router-login-user", "router-login-pass")
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"username":"router-login-user","password":"router-login-pass","captchaId":""}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/login", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode login response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected login code 0, got %d (%s)", out.Code, out.Msg)
+	}
+	data, ok := out.Data.(map[string]interface{})
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected login data map, got %T", out.Data)
+	}
+	token, _ := data["token"].(string)
+	if token == "" {
+		t.Fatal("expected login token")
+	}
+
+	checkReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/tunnel/user/tunnel", nil)
+	checkReq.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	checkResp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(checkResp, checkReq)
+	assertCode(t, checkResp, 0)
+}
+
+func TestLegacyPasswordMigratesOnLogin(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	legacyChangedAt := seedLegacyUser(t, r, 9101, "legacy-login-user", "legacy-login-pass")
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"username":"legacy-login-user","password":"legacy-login-pass","captchaId":""}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/login", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCode(t, resp, 0)
+	assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t, r, "legacy-login-user", "legacy-login-pass")
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "legacy-login-user"); changedAt <= legacyChangedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to advance on login migration, got %d <= %d", changedAt, legacyChangedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisabledLegacyPasswordIsRejectedWithoutMigration(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	legacyChangedAt := seedLegacyUserWithStatus(t, r, 9105, "disabled-legacy-user", "disabled-legacy-pass", 0)
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"username":"disabled-legacy-user","password":"disabled-legacy-pass","captchaId":""}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/login", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCodeMsg(t, resp, -1, "账号被停用")
+
+	user, err := r.GetUserByUsername("disabled-legacy-user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get user: %v", err)
+	}
+	if user == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected disabled user to exist")
+	}
+	if ok, migrated := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, "disabled-legacy-pass"); !ok || !migrated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected disabled user to remain legacy MD5, got (%v,%v) with hash %q", ok, migrated, user.Pwd)
+	}
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "disabled-legacy-user"); changedAt != legacyChangedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to remain unchanged, got %d want %d", changedAt, legacyChangedAt)
+	}
+}
+
 func assertCode(t *testing.T, rec *httptest.ResponseRecorder, expected int) {
 	t.Helper()
 	var out response.R
diff --git a/go-backend/tests/contract/migration_contract_test.go b/go-backend/tests/contract/migration_contract_test.go
index 8f5da8c..e518984 100644
--- a/go-backend/tests/contract/migration_contract_test.go
+++ b/go-backend/tests/contract/migration_contract_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	httpserver "go-backend/internal/http"
 	"go-backend/internal/http/handler"
 	"go-backend/internal/http/response"
+	"go-backend/internal/security"
 	"go-backend/internal/store/repo"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -128,6 +129,46 @@ func TestCaptchaVerifyLoginContract(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestPublicConfigGetAndAuthConfigContract(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+
+	for name, value := range map[string]string{
+		"app_name":              "FLVX Public",
+		"app_logo":              "logo",
+		"app_favicon":           "favicon",
+		"app_bg_image":          "bg",
+		"cloudflare_site_key":   "site-key",
+		"cloudflare_secret_key": "secret-key",
+		"jwt_secret":            "jwt-secret",
+	} {
+		if err := r.DB().Exec(`
+			INSERT INTO vite_config(name, value, time)
+			VALUES(?, ?, ?)
+			ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET value = excluded.value, time = excluded.time
+		`, name, value, time.Now().UnixMilli()).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("seed config %s: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	publicReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/public/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"app_name"}`))
+	publicReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	publicResp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(publicResp, publicReq)
+	assertCode(t, publicResp, 0)
+
+	secretReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/public/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"jwt_secret"}`))
+	secretReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	secretResp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(secretResp, secretReq)
+	assertCodeMsg(t, secretResp, 403, "禁止访问敏感配置")
+
+	configReq := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/config/get", bytes.NewBufferString(`{"name":"app_name"}`))
+	configReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	configResp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(configResp, configReq)
+	assertCodeMsg(t, configResp, 401, "未登录或token已过期")
+}
+
 func TestOpenAPISubStoreContracts(t *testing.T) {
 	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
 
@@ -209,6 +250,122 @@ func TestOpenAPISubStoreContracts(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestLegacyPasswordMigratesOnSubStore(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	legacyChangedAt := seedLegacyUser(t, r, 9102, "legacy-substore-user", "legacy-substore-pass")
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/open_api/sub_store?user=legacy-substore-user&pwd=legacy-substore-pass", nil)
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read body: %v", err)
+	}
+	expected := "upload=0; download=0; total=107373108658176; expire=2727251700"
+	if string(body) != expected {
+		t.Fatalf("expected body %q, got %q", expected, string(body))
+	}
+	assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t, r, "legacy-substore-user", "legacy-substore-pass")
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "legacy-substore-user"); changedAt <= legacyChangedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to advance on sub-store migration, got %d <= %d", changedAt, legacyChangedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDisabledLegacyPasswordIsRejectedOnSubStoreWithoutMigration(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	legacyChangedAt := seedLegacyUserWithStatus(t, r, 9106, "disabled-substore-user", "disabled-substore-pass", 0)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/open_api/sub_store?user=disabled-substore-user&pwd=disabled-substore-pass", nil)
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCodeMsg(t, resp, -1, "账号被停用")
+
+	user, err := r.GetUserByUsername("disabled-substore-user")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get user: %v", err)
+	}
+	if user == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected disabled user to exist")
+	}
+	if ok, migrated := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, "disabled-substore-pass"); !ok || !migrated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected disabled user to remain legacy MD5, got (%v,%v) with hash %q", ok, migrated, user.Pwd)
+	}
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "disabled-substore-user"); changedAt != legacyChangedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to remain unchanged, got %d want %d", changedAt, legacyChangedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUserCreateStoresStrongHash(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	startedAt := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"user":"created-user","pwd":"created-pass"}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/create", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", adminToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCode(t, resp, 0)
+	assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t, r, "created-user", "created-pass")
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "created-user"); changedAt < startedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to be set on create, got %d < %d", changedAt, startedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUserUpdateStoresStrongHash(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	seedLegacyUser(t, r, 9103, "legacy-update-user", "legacy-update-pass")
+	startedAt := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"id":9103,"user":"updated-user","pwd":"updated-pass","flow":99999,"num":99999,"expTime":2727251700000,"flowResetTime":1,"status":1,"maxConn":0}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/update", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", adminToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCode(t, resp, 0)
+	assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t, r, "updated-user", "updated-pass")
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "updated-user"); changedAt < startedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to be updated on user update, got %d < %d", changedAt, startedAt)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdatePasswordStoresStrongHash(t *testing.T) {
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	seedLegacyUser(t, r, 9104, "legacy-self-user", "legacy-self-pass")
+	startedAt := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	token, err := auth.GenerateToken(9104, "legacy-self-user", 1, "contract-jwt-secret")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	body := bytes.NewBufferString(`{"newUsername":"self-updated-user","currentPassword":"legacy-self-pass","newPassword":"self-updated-pass","confirmPassword":"self-updated-pass"}`)
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/user/updatePassword", body)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", token)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	assertCode(t, resp, 0)
+	assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t, r, "self-updated-user", "self-updated-pass")
+	if changedAt := mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t, r, "self-updated-user"); changedAt < startedAt {
+		t.Fatalf("expected password_changed_at to be updated on password change, got %d < %d", changedAt, startedAt)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestSpeedLimitTunnelsRouteRemoved(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "contract-jwt-secret"
 	router, _ := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
@@ -232,6 +389,7 @@ func TestSpeedLimitTunnelsRouteRemoved(t *testing.T) {
 func TestBackupExportImportRestoreContracts(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "contract-jwt-secret"
 	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	seedContractUser(t, r, 2, "normal_user", 1, 1)
 
 	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -559,6 +717,71 @@ func TestBackupExportImportRestoreContracts(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestBackupConfigFilteringContract(t *testing.T) {
+	secret := "contract-jwt-secret"
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+
+	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("generate admin token: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	configs := map[string]string{
+		"app_name":              "contract-before",
+		"cloudflare_site_key":   "site-key-before",
+		"jwt_secret":            "jwt-before",
+		"license_key":           "license-before",
+		"cloudflare_secret_key": "cloudflare-before",
+	}
+	for name, value := range configs {
+		if err := r.DB().Exec(`
+			INSERT INTO vite_config(name, value, time)
+			VALUES(?, ?, ?)
+			ON CONFLICT(name) DO UPDATE SET value = excluded.value, time = excluded.time
+		`, name, value, time.Now().UnixMilli()).Error; err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("seed config %s: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	payload := exportBackupPayload(t, router, "/api/v1/backup/export", adminToken)
+	for _, key := range []string{"jwt_secret", "license_key", "cloudflare_secret_key"} {
+		if _, ok := payload.Configs[key]; ok {
+			t.Fatalf("expected %s to be omitted from exported configs: %+v", key, payload.Configs)
+		}
+	}
+	if payload.Configs["app_name"] != "contract-before" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected public config to be exported, got %+v", payload.Configs)
+	}
+
+	payload.Configs["app_name"] = "contract-after"
+	payload.Configs["jwt_secret"] = "jwt-after"
+	payload.Configs["license_key"] = "license-after"
+	payload.Configs["cloudflare_secret_key"] = "cloudflare-after"
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(backupImportPayload{Types: []string{"configs"}, backupExportPayload: payload})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshal import payload: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/backup/import", bytes.NewReader(raw))
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", adminToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	router.ServeHTTP(resp, req)
+	var out response.R
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode import response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if out.Code != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected import code 0, got %d (%s)", out.Code, out.Msg)
+	}
+
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "app_name", "contract-after")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "jwt_secret", "jwt-before")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "license_key", "license-before")
+	assertConfigValue(t, r, "cloudflare_secret_key", "cloudflare-before")
+}
+
 type backupExportPayload struct {
 	Version    string            `json:"version"`
 	ExportedAt int64             `json:"exportedAt"`
@@ -619,6 +842,66 @@ func setupContractRouter(t *testing.T, jwtSecret string) (http.Handler, *repo.Re
 	return httpserver.NewRouter(h, jwtSecret), r
 }
 
+func assertConfigValue(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, name, want string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	cfg, err := r.GetConfigByName(name)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get config %s: %v", name, err)
+	}
+	if cfg == nil || cfg.Value != want {
+		t.Fatalf("expected config %s=%q, got %+v", name, want, cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+func seedLegacyUser(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, id int64, username, password string) int64 {
+	return seedLegacyUserWithStatus(t, r, id, username, password, 1)
+}
+
+func seedContractUser(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, id int64, username string, roleID, status int) int64 {
+	t.Helper()
+	now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	passwordChangedAt := now - 10_000
+	if err := r.DB().Exec(`
+		INSERT INTO user(id, user, pwd, role_id, exp_time, flow, in_flow, out_flow, flow_reset_time, num, max_conn, created_time, updated_time, status, password_changed_at)
+		VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, 2727251700000, 99999, 0, 0, 1, 99999, 0, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+	`, id, username, security.MD5("contract-pass"), roleID, now, now, status, passwordChangedAt).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed contract user %s: %v", username, err)
+	}
+	return passwordChangedAt
+}
+
+func seedLegacyUserWithStatus(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, id int64, username, password string, status int) int64 {
+	t.Helper()
+	now := time.Now().UnixMilli()
+	legacyChangedAt := now - 10_000
+	if err := r.DB().Exec(`
+		INSERT INTO user(id, user, pwd, role_id, exp_time, flow, in_flow, out_flow, flow_reset_time, num, max_conn, created_time, updated_time, status, password_changed_at)
+		VALUES(?, ?, ?, 1, 2727251700000, 99999, 0, 0, 1, 99999, 0, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+	`, id, username, security.MD5(password), now, now, status, legacyChangedAt).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed legacy user %s: %v", username, err)
+	}
+	return legacyChangedAt
+}
+
+func mustQueryPasswordChangedAtByUsername(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, username string) int64 {
+	t.Helper()
+	return mustQueryInt64(t, r, `SELECT password_changed_at FROM user WHERE user = ?`, username)
+}
+
+func assertUserPasswordIsBcrypt(t *testing.T, r *repo.Repository, username, password string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	user, err := r.GetUserByUsername(username)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get user %s: %v", username, err)
+	}
+	if user == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected user %s to exist", username)
+	}
+	if ok, migrated := security.VerifyPassword(user.Pwd, password); !ok || migrated {
+		t.Fatalf("expected bcrypt password for %s, got %q", username, user.Pwd)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestOpenMigratesLegacyNodeDualStackColumns(t *testing.T) {
 	dbPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "legacy-2.0.7-beta.db")
 	legacyDB, err := sql.Open("sqlite", dbPath)
diff --git a/go-backend/tests/contract/monitoring_contract_test.go b/go-backend/tests/contract/monitoring_contract_test.go
index 584203d..4a799bc 100644
--- a/go-backend/tests/contract/monitoring_contract_test.go
+++ b/go-backend/tests/contract/monitoring_contract_test.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 func TestNodeMetricsEndpoints(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "monitoring-jwt-secret"
 	router, repo := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	seedContractUser(t, repo, 2, "normal_user", 1, 1)
 
 	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1302,6 +1303,7 @@ func TestMonitoringAuthRequired(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMonitorAccessEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "monitoring-jwt-secret"
 	router, repo := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	seedContractUser(t, repo, 2, "normal_user", 1, 1)
 
 	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1357,6 +1359,7 @@ func TestMonitorAccessEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMonitoringPermissionRequired(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "monitoring-jwt-secret"
 	router, repo := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	seedContractUser(t, repo, 2, "normal_user", 1, 1)
 
 	userToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(2, "normal_user", 1, secret)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/go-backend/tests/contract/storage_contract_test.go b/go-backend/tests/contract/storage_contract_test.go
index efa50eb..c658b2a 100644
--- a/go-backend/tests/contract/storage_contract_test.go
+++ b/go-backend/tests/contract/storage_contract_test.go
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ import (
 
 func TestStorageSummaryRequiresAdminAndReturnsSize(t *testing.T) {
 	secret := "storage-contract-secret"
-	router, _ := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	router, r := setupContractRouter(t, secret)
+	seedContractUser(t, r, 2, "normal_user", 1, 1)
 
 	adminToken, err := auth.GenerateToken(1, "admin_user", 0, secret)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/vite-frontend/src/api/index.ts b/vite-frontend/src/api/index.ts
index 8c42f9d..0265bc5 100644
--- a/vite-frontend/src/api/index.ts
+++ b/vite-frontend/src/api/index.ts
@@ -253,6 +253,8 @@ export const getConfigs = () =>
   Network.post<Record<string, string>>("/config/list");
 export const getConfigByName = (name: string) =>
   Network.post<{ name: string; value: string }>("/config/get", { name });
+export const getPublicConfigByName = (name: string) =>
+  Network.post<{ name: string; value: string }>("/public/config/get", { name });
 export const updateConfigs = (configMap: Record<string, string>) =>
   Network.post("/config/update", configMap);
 export const updateConfig = (name: string, value: string) =>
diff --git a/vite-frontend/src/config/site.ts b/vite-frontend/src/config/site.ts
index 6af42e6..efd39fc 100644
--- a/vite-frontend/src/config/site.ts
+++ b/vite-frontend/src/config/site.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { getConfigByName, getConfigs } from "@/api";
+import { getConfigByName, getConfigs, getPublicConfigByName } from "@/api";
+import { isLoggedIn } from "@/utils/auth";
 
 export type SiteConfig = typeof siteConfig;
 
@@ -8,9 +9,73 @@ const VERSION = import.meta.env.VITE_APP_VERSION || "dev";
 const APP_VERSION = "1.0.3";
 const DEFAULT_FAVICON = "/favicon.ico";
 const FAVICON_LINK_ID = "app-favicon";
+const PUBLIC_BRAND_CONFIG_KEYS = [
+  "app_name",
+  "app_logo",
+  "app_favicon",
+  "app_bg_image",
+] as const;
+const SENSITIVE_CONFIG_KEYS = new Set([
+  "jwt_secret",
+  "license_key",
+  "cloudflare_secret_key",
+]);
 const GITHUB_REPO =
   import.meta.env.VITE_GITHUB_REPO || "https://github.com/Sagit-chu/flux-panel";
 
+const shouldPersistConfigKey = (key: string) => {
+  return !SENSITIVE_CONFIG_KEYS.has(key.trim().toLowerCase());
+};
+
+const purgeSensitiveConfigCache = () => {
+  SENSITIVE_CONFIG_KEYS.forEach((key) => {
+    localStorage.removeItem(CACHE_PREFIX + key);
+  });
+};
+
+const readCachedConfigs = (keys: readonly string[]) => {
+  const cachedConfigs: Record<string, string> = {};
+  let hasCachedData = false;
+
+  keys.forEach((key) => {
+    const cachedValue = configCache.get(key);
+
+    if (cachedValue !== null) {
+      cachedConfigs[key] = cachedValue;
+      hasCachedData = true;
+    }
+  });
+
+  return { cachedConfigs, hasCachedData };
+};
+
+const fetchPublicBrandConfigs = async (): Promise<Record<string, string>> => {
+  const publicConfigMap: Record<string, string> = {};
+
+  await Promise.all(
+    PUBLIC_BRAND_CONFIG_KEYS.map(async (key) => {
+      try {
+        const response = await getPublicConfigByName(key);
+
+        if (
+          response.code === 0 &&
+          response.data &&
+          typeof response.data.value === "string"
+        ) {
+          const value = response.data.value;
+
+          publicConfigMap[key] = value;
+          configCache.set(key, value);
+        }
+      } catch {
+        // ignore single key fetch error
+      }
+    }),
+  );
+
+  return publicConfigMap;
+};
+
 const getInitialConfig = () => {
   if (typeof window === "undefined") {
     return {
@@ -26,6 +91,8 @@ const getInitialConfig = () => {
     };
   }
 
+  purgeSensitiveConfigCache();
+
   const cachedAppName = localStorage.getItem(CACHE_PREFIX + "app_name");
   const cachedAppLogo = localStorage.getItem(CACHE_PREFIX + "app_logo") || "";
   const cachedAppFavicon =
@@ -77,7 +144,15 @@ export const configCache = {
 
   // 设置缓存的配置
   set: (key: string, value: string): void => {
-    const cacheKey = CACHE_PREFIX + key;
+    const normalizedKey = key.trim().toLowerCase();
+
+    if (!shouldPersistConfigKey(normalizedKey)) {
+      configCache.remove(normalizedKey);
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const cacheKey = CACHE_PREFIX + normalizedKey;
 
     localStorage.setItem(cacheKey, value);
   },
@@ -119,7 +194,9 @@ export const getCachedConfig = async (key: string): Promise<string | null> => {
   ) {
     const value = response.data.value;
 
-    configCache.set(key, value);
+    if (shouldPersistConfigKey(key)) {
+      configCache.set(key, value);
+    }
 
     return value;
   }
@@ -129,46 +206,19 @@ export const getCachedConfig = async (key: string): Promise<string | null> => {
 
 // 获取所有配置（优先从缓存）
 export const getCachedConfigs = async (): Promise<Record<string, string>> => {
-  // 尝试从缓存获取所有配置
-  const configKeys = ["app_name", "app_logo", "app_favicon", "app_bg_image"];
-  const cachedConfigs: Record<string, string> = {};
-  let hasCachedData = false;
+  const { cachedConfigs, hasCachedData } = readCachedConfigs(
+    PUBLIC_BRAND_CONFIG_KEYS,
+  );
 
-  configKeys.forEach((key) => {
-    const cachedValue = configCache.get(key);
+  if (!isLoggedIn()) {
+    const publicConfigs = await fetchPublicBrandConfigs();
 
-    if (cachedValue !== null) {
-      cachedConfigs[key] = cachedValue;
-      hasCachedData = true;
+    if (Object.keys(publicConfigs).length > 0) {
+      return { ...cachedConfigs, ...publicConfigs };
     }
-  });
 
-  const fetchPublicConfigs = async (): Promise<Record<string, string>> => {
-    const publicConfigMap: Record<string, string> = {};
-
-    await Promise.all(
-      configKeys.map(async (key) => {
-        try {
-          const response = await getConfigByName(key);
-
-          if (
-            response.code === 0 &&
-            response.data &&
-            typeof response.data.value === "string"
-          ) {
-            const value = response.data.value;
-
-            publicConfigMap[key] = value;
-            configCache.set(key, value);
-          }
-        } catch {
-          // ignore single key fetch error
-        }
-      }),
-    );
-
-    return publicConfigMap;
-  };
+    return cachedConfigs;
+  }
 
   // 从API获取最新配置
   try {
@@ -177,9 +227,19 @@ export const getCachedConfigs = async (): Promise<Record<string, string>> => {
     if (response.code === 0 && response.data) {
       const configs = response.data;
 
-      // 将所有配置存入缓存
+      // 仅将安全配置存入缓存，敏感项会从 localStorage 中移除
       Object.entries(configs).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-        configCache.set(key, value as string);
+        const normalizedKey = key.trim().toLowerCase();
+
+        if (SENSITIVE_CONFIG_KEYS.has(normalizedKey)) {
+          configCache.remove(normalizedKey);
+
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (shouldPersistConfigKey(normalizedKey)) {
+          configCache.set(normalizedKey, value as string);
+        }
       });
 
       return configs;
@@ -189,14 +249,14 @@ export const getCachedConfigs = async (): Promise<Record<string, string>> => {
       return cachedConfigs;
     }
 
-    return await fetchPublicConfigs();
+    return await fetchPublicBrandConfigs();
   } catch {
     // API失败时返回缓存的数据
     if (hasCachedData) {
       return cachedConfigs;
     }
 
-    return await fetchPublicConfigs();
+    return await fetchPublicBrandConfigs();
   }
 };
 
@@ -255,7 +315,17 @@ export const updateSiteConfig = async (configMap?: Record<string, string>) => {
   const resolvedConfigMap = configMap ?? (await getCachedConfigs());
 
   Object.entries(resolvedConfigMap).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-    configCache.set(key, String(value));
+    const normalizedKey = key.trim().toLowerCase();
+
+    if (SENSITIVE_CONFIG_KEYS.has(normalizedKey)) {
+      configCache.remove(normalizedKey);
+
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (shouldPersistConfigKey(normalizedKey)) {
+      configCache.set(normalizedKey, String(value));
+    }
   });
 
   const hasAppName = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(
diff --git a/vite-frontend/src/pages/index.tsx b/vite-frontend/src/pages/index.tsx
index 6e2e948..a4d5644 100644
--- a/vite-frontend/src/pages/index.tsx
+++ b/vite-frontend/src/pages/index.tsx
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import { Button } from "@/shadcn-bridge/heroui/button";
 import { siteConfig } from "@/config/site";
 import { VersionFooter } from "@/components/version-footer";
 import { BrandLogo } from "@/components/brand-logo";
-import { login, LoginData, checkCaptcha, getConfigByName } from "@/api";
+import { login, LoginData, checkCaptcha, getPublicConfigByName } from "@/api";
 import { writeLoginSession } from "@/utils/session";
 import { useWebViewMode } from "@/hooks/useWebViewMode";
 
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ export default function IndexPage() {
       if (checkResponse.data === 0) {
         await performLogin();
       } else {
-        const configResp = await getConfigByName("cloudflare_site_key");
+        const configResp = await getPublicConfigByName("cloudflare_site_key");
 
         if (configResp.code === 0 && configResp.data && configResp.data.value) {
           setSiteKey(configResp.data.value);