优化播放逻辑

完善媒体维护、备份恢复与播放诊断

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -40,6 +40,39 @@ jobs:
       - name: go test
         run: go test ./...
 
+  database-compatibility:
+    name: SQLite / PostgreSQL ${{ matrix.postgres }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        postgres: [16, 17]
+    services:
+      postgres:
+        image: postgres:${{ matrix.postgres }}-alpine
+        env:
+          POSTGRES_USER: mebox
+          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: mebox-test-only
+          POSTGRES_DB: mebox_test
+        ports:
+          - 5432:5432
+        options: >-
+          --health-cmd "pg_isready -U mebox -d mebox_test"
+          --health-interval 5s
+          --health-timeout 5s
+          --health-retries 10
+    env:
+      MEBOX_TEST_POSTGRES_DSN: postgres://mebox:mebox-test-only@127.0.0.1:5432/mebox_test?sslmode=disable
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: '1.26'
+          cache: true
+
+      - name: Database regression tests
+        run: go test ./internal/database ./internal/repository -count=1
+
   frontend:
     name: Frontend (Node)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -78,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
   ci-success:
     name: CI Success
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [backend, frontend, smoke]
+    needs: [backend, frontend, database-compatibility, smoke]
     if: success()
     steps:
       - run: echo "CI passed, ready for release"

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -84,6 +84,15 @@ go test ./internal/service -run "TestOrganize|TestSubscription|TestMTeam" -count
 go test ./cmd/server -count=1
 ```
 
+数据库兼容测试默认覆盖 SQLite。连接专用测试 PostgreSQL 后可运行真实的双数据库回归：
+
+```bash
+MEBOX_TEST_POSTGRES_DSN='postgres://mebox:test-password@127.0.0.1:5432/mebox_test?sslmode=disable' \
+  go test ./internal/database ./internal/repository -count=1
+```
+
+测试账号需要创建、删除 schema 的权限；每个用例使用独立的临时 schema。CI 会分别在 PostgreSQL 16、17 上执行这些检查。
+
 ### 代码要求
 
 - Go 代码使用 `gofmt`。

Dockerfile

@@ -84,12 +84,15 @@ ENV MEBOX_APP_PORT=8080 \
 
 EXPOSE 8080
 
-HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=5s --start-period=15s --retries=3 \
-    CMD busybox wget -q --spider http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1
+# 探测协议不能写死：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS。脚本按数据目录里的
+# .http_scheme 选择协议并在失败时回退，无需用户改配置。
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=10s --start-period=30s --retries=3 \
+    CMD ["/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
 
 # Tiny entrypoint that lets us run as a NAS host UID/GID via PUID/PGID without
 # rewriting /etc/passwd or /etc/group on every container start.
 COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
-RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
+COPY docker-healthcheck.sh /usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck
+RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck
 
 CMD ["/entrypoint.sh"]

cmd/server/application.go

@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ func (a *application) start() error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if err := database.ApplyPendingSQLiteRestore(context.Background(), a.cfg, a.logger); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply pending database restore: %w", err)
+	}
 	db, err := database.Open(a.cfg, a.logger)
 	if err != nil {
 		a.logger.Error("database open failed", zap.Error(err))
@@ -88,7 +91,7 @@ func (a *application) start() error {
 		a.logger.Error("database not ready", zap.Error(err))
 		return fmt.Errorf("database not ready: %w", err)
 	}
-	if err := database.AutoMigrate(db); err != nil {
+	if err := database.AutoMigrateWithConfig(db, a.cfg, a.logger); err != nil {
 		a.logger.Error("auto-migrate failed", zap.Error(err))
 		return fmt.Errorf("auto-migrate failed: %w", err)
 	}

cmd/server/protocol_mux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// 开启 HTTPS 后，同一个端口会同时面对两类连接：
+//
+//   - TLS 客户端（浏览器、播放器）——正常提供 HTTPS 服务；
+//   - 明确访问 http:// 的客户端——以前只会撞出一句
+//     "Client sent an HTTP request to an HTTPS server."，用户看不懂。
+//
+// 一个端口上只有 TLS 监听时无法区分两者，所以在 Accept 之后先偷看第一个字节：
+// TLS 握手的记录类型固定是 0x16（handshake），而 HTTP 请求行必然是可见字符。
+// 据此把连接分流成两路，明文那一路交给只做跳转的 http.Server，于是 http:// 会被
+// 自动重定向到 https://（见 server_manager.go 的 httpsRedirectHandler）。
+const tlsRecordHandshake = 0x16
+
+// defaultPeekTimeout 限制"偷看首字节"阶段的等待，避免只连不发的半开连接长期占住
+// goroutine。分流器按实例持有该值，便于测试用更短的超时。
+const defaultPeekTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+
+// splitListener 是监听分流器：Accept 到底层连接后按首字节投递给对应的一路。
+type splitListener struct {
+	ln      net.Listener
+	tlsCh   chan net.Conn
+	plainCh chan net.Conn
+	quit    chan struct{}
+	once    sync.Once
+	peek    time.Duration
+}
+
+func newSplitListener(ln net.Listener) *splitListener {
+	return newSplitListenerWithTimeout(ln, defaultPeekTimeout)
+}
+
+func newSplitListenerWithTimeout(ln net.Listener, peek time.Duration) *splitListener {
+	s := &splitListener{
+		ln:      ln,
+		tlsCh:   make(chan net.Conn),
+		plainCh: make(chan net.Conn),
+		quit:    make(chan struct{}),
+		peek:    peek,
+	}
+	go s.acceptLoop()
+	return s
+}
+
+// tlsListener 返回只收到 TLS 连接的 listener。
+func (s *splitListener) tlsListener() net.Listener {
+	return &channelListener{addr: s.ln.Addr(), conns: s.tlsCh, quit: s.quit}
+}
+
+// plainListener 返回只收到明文 HTTP 连接的 listener。
+func (s *splitListener) plainListener() net.Listener {
+	return &channelListener{addr: s.ln.Addr(), conns: s.plainCh, quit: s.quit}
+}
+
+func (s *splitListener) acceptLoop() {
+	for {
+		conn, err := s.ln.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			// 底层监听关闭（换证、关停）后两路 Accept 一起返回 net.ErrClosed，
+			// 由持有它们的 http.Server 自行收尾。
+			s.stop()
+			return
+		}
+		go s.dispatch(conn)
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *splitListener) dispatch(conn net.Conn) {
+	br := bufio.NewReader(conn)
+	_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(s.peek))
+	first, err := br.Peek(1)
+	_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = conn.Close()
+		return
+	}
+
+	peeked := &peekedConn{Conn: conn, r: br}
+	ch := s.plainCh
+	if first[0] == tlsRecordHandshake {
+		ch = s.tlsCh
+	}
+	select {
+	case ch <- peeked: // 交给对应的 http.Server，由它负责读写与关闭
+	case <-s.quit:
+		_ = conn.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *splitListener) stop() {
+	s.once.Do(func() { close(s.quit) })
+}
+
+// channelListener 把一路 channel 包装成 net.Listener，供 http.Server.Serve 使用。
+type channelListener struct {
+	addr  net.Addr
+	conns <-chan net.Conn
+	quit  <-chan struct{}
+}
+
+func (l *channelListener) Accept() (net.Conn, error) {
+	select {
+	case conn := <-l.conns:
+		return conn, nil
+	case <-l.quit:
+		return nil, net.ErrClosed
+	}
+}
+
+// Close 是空实现：真正要释放的端口在 splitListener 的底层监听上，它一旦关闭，
+// 这里的 Accept 就会返回 net.ErrClosed，http.Server 随之退出。
+func (l *channelListener) Close() error { return nil }
+
+func (l *channelListener) Addr() net.Addr { return l.addr }
+
+// peekedConn 把已经读进 bufio 缓冲的首字节还给上层读取者。
+type peekedConn struct {
+	net.Conn
+	r *bufio.Reader
+}
+
+func (c *peekedConn) Read(p []byte) (int, error) { return c.r.Read(p) }

cmd/server/protocol_mux_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestSplitListenerRoutesByFirstByte(t *testing.T) {
+	raw, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	split := newSplitListener(raw)
+	addr := raw.Addr().String()
+
+	// TLS：首字节 0x16。分流器偷看过的字节必须还能被上层读到，否则握手会失败。
+	handshake := []byte{0x16, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x2c}
+	tlsClient, err := net.Dial("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = tlsClient.Close() }()
+	if _, err := tlsClient.Write(handshake); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	tlsConn := <-split.tlsCh
+	defer func() { _ = tlsConn.Close() }()
+	got := make([]byte, len(handshake))
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(tlsConn, got); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read peeked tls bytes: %v", err)
+	}
+	if string(got) != string(handshake) {
+		t.Fatalf("tls bytes = %v, want %v", got, handshake)
+	}
+
+	// 明文 HTTP：请求行走另一路，同样要读到偷看过的首字节。
+	request := "GET /api/health HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: example.com\r\n\r\n"
+	plainClient, err := net.Dial("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = plainClient.Close() }()
+	if _, err := plainClient.Write([]byte(request)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	plainConn := <-split.plainCh
+	defer func() { _ = plainConn.Close() }()
+	head := make([]byte, len("GET /"))
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(plainConn, head); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read peeked plain bytes: %v", err)
+	}
+	if string(head) != request[:len(head)] {
+		t.Fatalf("plain bytes = %q, want prefix of %q", head, request)
+	}
+
+	// 底层监听关闭后两路 Accept 都要返回 net.ErrClosed，http.Server 才能收尾。
+	_ = raw.Close()
+	for _, ln := range []net.Listener{split.tlsListener(), split.plainListener()} {
+		deadline := time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second)
+		for {
+			_, err := ln.Accept()
+			if err == net.ErrClosed {
+				break
+			}
+			if time.Now().After(deadline) {
+				t.Fatalf("Accept after close = %v, want net.ErrClosed", err)
+			}
+			time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// 只连不发的半开连接不应被分给任何一路，而应在偷看超时后被丢弃。
+func TestSplitListenerDropsIdleConnection(t *testing.T) {
+	raw, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = raw.Close() }()
+	split := newSplitListenerWithTimeout(raw, 200*time.Millisecond)
+
+	conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", raw.Addr().String())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = conn.Close() }()
+
+	select {
+	case c := <-split.plainCh:
+		_ = c.Close()
+		t.Fatal("idle connection should not be dispatched")
+	case c := <-split.tlsCh:
+		_ = c.Close()
+		t.Fatal("idle connection should not be dispatched")
+	case <-time.After(time.Second):
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHTTPSRedirectTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		host    string
+		rawURL  string
+		want    string
+		wantErr bool
+	}{
+		{name: "keeps host port path and query", host: "10.0.0.2:8080", rawURL: "/library?tab=1&q=a%20b", want: "https://10.0.0.2:8080/library?tab=1&q=a%20b"},
+		{name: "root path", host: "nas.local:18080", rawURL: "/", want: "https://nas.local:18080/"},
+		{name: "keeps escaping of user input", host: "10.0.0.2", rawURL: "/a%2Fb", want: "https://10.0.0.2/a%2Fb"},
+		{name: "absolute form request line", host: "10.0.0.2:8080", rawURL: "http://10.0.0.2:8080/api/x?y=1", want: "https://10.0.0.2:8080/api/x?y=1"},
+		{name: "rejects empty host", host: "", rawURL: "/", wantErr: true},
+		{name: "rejects host with slash", host: "evil.com/path", rawURL: "/", wantErr: true},
+		{name: "rejects userinfo host", host: "user@evil.com", rawURL: "/", wantErr: true},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, tc.rawURL, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			req.Host = tc.host
+
+			if host := redirectHostHeader(req); host == "" {
+				if !tc.wantErr {
+					t.Fatalf("redirectHostHeader(%q) rejected, want accepted", tc.host)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if tc.wantErr {
+				t.Fatalf("redirectHostHeader(%q) accepted, want rejected", tc.host)
+			}
+			if got := httpsRedirectURL(tc.host, req); got != tc.want {
+				t.Fatalf("redirect target = %q, want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

cmd/server/server_manager.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -17,6 +19,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
 )
 
+// httpSchemeFileName 是数据目录下记录当前监听协议的小文件（内容为 http 或 https）。
+//
+// 容器健康检查无法读取后台保存的 HTTPS 设置（它存在数据库里），而同一端口在开启
+// HTTPS 后只接受 TLS。若健康检查固定用 http:// 探测，每轮都会撞出
+// "client sent an HTTP request to an HTTPS server"，既刷日志又让容器永远 unhealthy。
+// 因此由服务进程在每次成功绑定监听后写下真实协议，供 docker-healthcheck.sh 选择。
+const httpSchemeFileName = ".http_scheme"
+
 // tlsPair 记录当前正在服务的证书，用于判断是否需要重新绑定监听。
 type tlsPair struct {
 	cert    tls.Certificate
@@ -35,6 +45,9 @@ type tlsPair struct {
 //   - 旧服务器随后优雅退出，正在进行的播放/请求不会被立刻掐断。
 //
 // 任何校验失败都会中止切换并保留旧监听，保证用户不会被锁在服务外面。
+//
+// 开启 HTTPS 时端口上会同时接两类连接：TLS 走主服务器，明文 HTTP 走
+// redirectSrv 并跳转到 HTTPS（见 protocol_mux.go）。
 type serverManager struct {
 	cfg     *config.Config
 	log     *zap.Logger
@@ -43,6 +56,7 @@ type serverManager struct {
 
 	mu                sync.Mutex
 	srv               *http.Server
+	redirectSrv       *http.Server
 	ln                net.Listener
 	pair              *tlsPair
 	stopCh            chan struct{}
@@ -92,11 +106,11 @@ func (m *serverManager) Reload() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	oldSrv, oldLn, oldPair := m.srv, m.ln, m.pair
+	oldSrv, oldRedirect, oldLn, oldPair := m.srv, m.redirectSrv, m.ln, m.pair
 	if oldLn != nil {
 		_ = oldLn.Close() // 释放端口后再绑定新监听
 	}
-	m.srv, m.ln, m.pair = nil, nil, nil
+	m.srv, m.redirectSrv, m.ln, m.pair = nil, nil, nil, nil
 
 	firstErr := m.bind(pair)
 	if firstErr != nil {
@@ -107,6 +121,7 @@ func (m *serverManager) Reload() error {
 	}
 	// 新监听已就绪，让旧服务器在新连接切换到新监听后优雅退出。
 	m.drain(oldSrv)
+	m.drain(oldRedirect)
 	m.logServerReady()
 	m.maybeStartAutoReloadLocked()
 	return firstErr
@@ -120,11 +135,19 @@ func (m *serverManager) Shutdown(ctx context.Context) error {
 		close(m.stopCh)
 	}
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	defer m.mu.Unlock()
-	if m.srv == nil {
-		return nil
+	targets := []*http.Server{m.srv, m.redirectSrv}
+	m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	var firstErr error
+	for _, srv := range targets {
+		if srv == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := srv.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil && firstErr == nil {
+			firstErr = err
+		}
 	}
-	return m.srv.Shutdown(ctx)
+	return firstErr
 }
 
 // desiredPair 根据当前配置计算目标监听形态：nil 表示明文 HTTP，非 nil 表示 TLS。
@@ -217,25 +240,107 @@ func (m *serverManager) pairEquals(pair *tlsPair) bool {
 	return pair.version == m.pair.version
 }
 
-// bind 创建并按需启用 TLS 的监听，异步开始服务。
+// bind 创建监听，异步开始服务。
+//
+// 未开启 HTTPS 时端口只服务明文 HTTP；开启后同一个端口两种流量都要接：TLS 连接
+// 交给主服务器，明文 HTTP 连接交给只做跳转的 redirect 服务器，让 http:// 自动
+// 跳到 https://，而不是甩给用户一句 "Client sent an HTTP request to an HTTPS
+// server."。
 func (m *serverManager) bind(pair *tlsPair) error {
 	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", m.addr)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("listen %s: %w", m.addr, err)
 	}
-	srv := &http.Server{
-		Handler:           m.handler,
+
+	if pair == nil {
+		srv := m.newHTTPServer(m.handler)
+		m.srv, m.redirectSrv, m.ln, m.pair = srv, nil, ln, nil
+		m.writeSchemeState(nil)
+		go m.serve(srv, ln)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	split := newSplitListener(ln)
+	srv := m.newHTTPServer(m.handler)
+	tlsLn := tls.NewListener(split.tlsListener(), &tls.Config{
+		Certificates: []tls.Certificate{pair.cert},
+		MinVersion:   tls.VersionTLS12,
+	})
+	redirect := m.newHTTPServer(m.httpsRedirectHandler())
+
+	m.srv, m.redirectSrv, m.ln, m.pair = srv, redirect, ln, pair
+	m.writeSchemeState(pair)
+	go m.serve(srv, tlsLn)
+	go m.serve(redirect, split.plainListener())
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *serverManager) newHTTPServer(handler http.Handler) *http.Server {
+	return &http.Server{
+		Handler:           handler,
 		ReadHeaderTimeout: 15 * time.Second,
 	}
-	if pair != nil {
-		ln = tls.NewListener(ln, &tls.Config{
-			Certificates: []tls.Certificate{pair.cert},
-			MinVersion:   tls.VersionTLS12,
-		})
+}
+
+// httpsRedirectHandler 处理"开着 HTTPS 却用 http:// 访问"的请求：跳转到同端口、
+// 同路径的 https://。
+//
+// 用 302/307 而不是 301/308：HTTPS 开关可以在后台随时改，永久跳转会被浏览器长期
+// 缓存，等用户关掉 HTTPS 之后 http 访问会被带到已经不提供 TLS 的端口上打不开。
+func (m *serverManager) httpsRedirectHandler() http.Handler {
+	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		host := redirectHostHeader(r)
+		if host == "" {
+			// 没有可用的 Host（HTTP/1.0 或畸形请求头）时宁可明说，也不跳到错的地方。
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, "HTTPS is enabled; open https://<host>:%d instead.\n", m.cfg.App.Port)
+			return
+		}
+		status := http.StatusFound
+		if r.Method != http.MethodGet && r.Method != http.MethodHead {
+			status = http.StatusTemporaryRedirect // 保住方法与请求体
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Location", httpsRedirectURL(host, r))
+		w.WriteHeader(status)
+	})
+}
+
+// httpsRedirectURL 拼出同端口同路径的 HTTPS 地址。
+func httpsRedirectURL(host string, r *http.Request) string {
+	target := "https://" + host + r.URL.EscapedPath()
+	if r.URL.RawQuery != "" {
+		target += "?" + r.URL.RawQuery
+	}
+	return target
+}
+
+// redirectHostHeader 取重定向目标主机。HTTP/1.1 里 Host 是唯一的主机来源（端口映射
+// 到容器 8080 时它同时也是 HTTPS 端口），这里只做字符过滤，避免把请求头里的怪字符
+// 带进 Location 造成任意跳转。
+func redirectHostHeader(r *http.Request) string {
+	host := strings.TrimSpace(r.Host)
+	if host == "" || strings.ContainsAny(host, " \t\r\n/\\@?#") {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return host
+}
+
+// writeSchemeState 把当前实际监听的协议写入数据目录，供容器健康检查按协议探测。
+// 写失败只降级为告警：健康检查脚本在状态文件缺失时会回退试另一种协议。
+func (m *serverManager) writeSchemeState(pair *tlsPair) {
+	dataDir := strings.TrimSpace(m.cfg.App.DataDir)
+	if dataDir == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	scheme := "http"
+	if pair != nil {
+		scheme = "https"
+	}
+	path := filepath.Join(dataDir, httpSchemeFileName)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(scheme+"\n"), 0o644); err != nil { // #nosec G304 -- path is DataDir + fixed filename.
+		m.log.Warn("write http scheme state failed", zap.String("path", path), zap.Error(err))
 	}
-	m.srv, m.ln, m.pair = srv, ln, pair
-	go m.serve(srv, ln)
-	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *serverManager) serve(s *http.Server, ln net.Listener) {
@@ -250,6 +355,9 @@ func (m *serverManager) drain(s *http.Server) {
 	if s == nil {
 		return
 	}
+	// Stop reusing old connections before Reload returns. Asynchronous Shutdown
+	// alone leaves a window where a client receives the previous HTTP/TLS mode.
+	s.SetKeepAlivesEnabled(false)
 	go func(s *http.Server) {
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
 		defer cancel()
@@ -271,7 +379,7 @@ func (m *serverManager) logServerReady() {
 		zap.String("listen", m.addr),
 	)
 	if m.pair != nil {
-		m.log.Info("HTTPS is enabled; plain HTTP is no longer served on this port",
+		m.log.Info("HTTPS is enabled; plain HTTP requests on this port are redirected to HTTPS",
 			zap.String("addr", m.addr),
 		)
 	}

cmd/server/server_manager_test.go

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	"crypto/elliptic"
 	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/tls"
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"crypto/x509/pkix"
 	"encoding/pem"
+	"io"
 	"math/big"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -32,6 +36,8 @@ func makeTestPairPEM(t *testing.T) (certPEM, keyPEM string) {
 		NotBefore:    time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
 		NotAfter:     time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour),
 		DNSNames:     []string{"localhost"},
+		// 带上回环 IP，HTTPS 客户端就能在校验证书的前提下连 127.0.0.1:port。
+		IPAddresses: []net.IP{net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1")},
 	}
 	der, err := x509.CreateCertificate(rand.Reader, tpl, tpl, &priv.PublicKey, priv)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -105,3 +111,136 @@ func TestDesiredPairModes(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("version should change after files replaced")
 	}
 }
+
+// 健康检查依赖该文件判断该用 http 还是 https 探测，内容与当前监听协议必须一致，
+// 否则容器会一直显示 unhealthy 并刷 TLS handshake error 日志。
+func TestWriteSchemeState(t *testing.T) {
+	m := newTestServerManager(t)
+	m.cfg.App.DataDir = t.TempDir()
+	path := filepath.Join(m.cfg.App.DataDir, httpSchemeFileName)
+
+	m.writeSchemeState(nil)
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(path); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(string(data)) != "http" {
+		t.Fatalf("plain HTTP state: data=%q err=%v", data, err)
+	}
+
+	m.writeSchemeState(&tlsPair{})
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(path); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(string(data)) != "https" {
+		t.Fatalf("HTTPS state: data=%q err=%v", data, err)
+	}
+
+	// DataDir 为空时不应写到工作目录（测试/裸跑二进制时会污染仓库）。
+	m.cfg.App.DataDir = ""
+	_ = os.Remove(path)
+	m.writeSchemeState(nil)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(httpSchemeFileName); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("empty DataDir should not create %s in cwd: %v", httpSchemeFileName, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// 开启 HTTPS 后同一个端口要同时接 TLS 与明文 HTTP：明文请求跳到 HTTPS，而不是
+// 给用户看 "Client sent an HTTP request to an HTTPS server."。
+func TestServerManagerRedirectsPlainHTTPToHTTPS(t *testing.T) {
+	certPEM, keyPEM := makeTestPairPEM(t)
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.App.Port = 8080
+	cfg.App.DataDir = t.TempDir()
+	cfg.App.HTTPSEnabled = true
+	cfg.App.SSLCert, cfg.App.SSLKey = certPEM, keyPEM
+
+	handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "secure:"+r.URL.Path)
+	})
+	m := newServerManager(cfg, zap.NewNop(), handler)
+	m.addr = "127.0.0.1:0" // 端口 0 交给内核分配，测试之间不会撞端口
+	if err := m.Start(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = m.Shutdown(context.Background()) })
+
+	addr := m.ln.Addr().String()
+	// 端口 0 只在第一次分配时用；热切换要绑回同一个端口（生产里端口本来就是固定的）。
+	m.addr = addr
+	schemeFile := filepath.Join(cfg.App.DataDir, httpSchemeFileName)
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(schemeFile); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(string(data)) != "https" {
+		t.Fatalf("scheme state = %q err=%v, want https", data, err)
+	}
+
+	plain := &http.Client{
+		Timeout:       10 * time.Second,
+		CheckRedirect: func(*http.Request, []*http.Request) error { return http.ErrUseLastResponse },
+	}
+
+	resp, err := plain.Get("http://" + addr + "/library?tab=1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusFound {
+		t.Fatalf("plain GET status = %d, want %d", resp.StatusCode, http.StatusFound)
+	}
+	if got, want := resp.Header.Get("Location"), "https://"+addr+"/library?tab=1"; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("Location = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+
+	postResp, err := plain.Post("http://"+addr+"/api/me/login", "application/json", strings.NewReader("{}"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = postResp.Body.Close() }()
+	if postResp.StatusCode != http.StatusTemporaryRedirect {
+		t.Fatalf("plain POST status = %d, want %d", postResp.StatusCode, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)
+	}
+	if got, want := postResp.Header.Get("Location"), "https://"+addr+"/api/me/login"; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("POST Location = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+
+	// 同一端口上的 TLS 连接照常拿到正常响应（校验证书，不做跳过校验）。
+	pool := x509.NewCertPool()
+	if !pool.AppendCertsFromPEM([]byte(certPEM)) {
+		t.Fatal("append test certificate to pool failed")
+	}
+	secure := &http.Client{
+		Timeout: 10 * time.Second,
+		Transport: &http.Transport{
+			TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{RootCAs: pool, MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12},
+		},
+	}
+	secureResp, err := secure.Get("https://" + addr + "/library")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = secureResp.Body.Close() }()
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(secureResp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if secureResp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK || string(body) != "secure:/library" {
+		t.Fatalf("https response = %d %q, want 200 %q", secureResp.StatusCode, body, "secure:/library")
+	}
+
+	// 关掉 HTTPS 后同一端口回到纯明文服务，不再有多余的跳转服务器。
+	cfg.App.HTTPSEnabled = false
+	if err := m.Reload(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if m.redirectSrv != nil {
+		t.Fatal("redirect server should be released when HTTPS is off")
+	}
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(schemeFile); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(string(data)) != "http" {
+		t.Fatalf("scheme state = %q err=%v, want http", data, err)
+	}
+	plainResp, err := plain.Get("http://" + addr + "/library")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = plainResp.Body.Close() }()
+	plainBody, err := io.ReadAll(plainResp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if plainResp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK || string(plainBody) != "secure:/library" {
+		t.Fatalf("plain response after disabling https = %d %q", plainResp.StatusCode, plainBody)
+	}
+}

docker-compose.metatube.yml

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ services:
       # NAS 示例：source: /vol1/1000/Media
       # Windows Docker Desktop 示例：source: D:/Media
       # create_host_path=false 可以避免路径写错时 Docker 自动创建空文件夹。
-      - ./media: /media
+      - ./media:/media
 
     environment:
       TZ: Asia/Shanghai
@@ -105,7 +105,9 @@ services:
       MEBOX_TRANSCODER_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS: "120"
 
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "busybox wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1"]
+      # 不能写死 http://：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS，固定明文探测会
+      # 每轮刷一条 TLS handshake error 并让容器一直 unhealthy。
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 10s
       retries: 5

docker-compose.search.yml

@@ -115,7 +115,9 @@ services:
       MEBOX_TRANSCODER_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS: "120"
 
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "busybox wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1"]
+      # 不能写死 http://：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS，固定明文探测会
+      # 每轮刷一条 TLS handshake error 并让容器一直 unhealthy。
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 10s
       retries: 5

docker-compose.simple.yml

@@ -73,7 +73,9 @@ services:
       - "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"
 
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "busybox wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1"]
+      # 不能写死 http://：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS，固定明文探测会
+      # 每轮刷一条 TLS handshake error 并让容器一直 unhealthy。
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 10s
       retries: 5

docker-compose.standard.yml

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ services:
       # NAS 示例：source: /vol1/1000/Media
       # Windows Docker Desktop 示例：source: D:/Media
       # create_host_path=false 可以避免路径写错时 Docker 自动创建空文件夹。
-      - ./media: /media
+      - ./media:/media
 
     environment:
       TZ: Asia/Shanghai
@@ -87,7 +87,9 @@ services:
       MEBOX_TRANSCODER_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS: "120"
 
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "busybox wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1"]
+      # 不能写死 http://：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS，固定明文探测会
+      # 每轮刷一条 TLS handshake error 并让容器一直 unhealthy。
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 10s
       retries: 5

docker-compose.yml

@@ -131,7 +131,9 @@ services:
       MEBOX_TRANSCODER_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECONDS: "120"
 
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "busybox wget -qO- http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/health || exit 1"]
+      # 不能写死 http://：开启 HTTPS 后 8080 只接受 TLS，固定明文探测会
+      # 每轮刷一条 TLS handshake error 并让容器一直 unhealthy。
+      test: ["CMD", "/usr/local/bin/mebox-healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 10s
       retries: 5

docker-healthcheck.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# MeBox 容器健康检查。
+#
+# 背景：MeBox 只监听一个端口，且开启 HTTPS 后该端口只接受 TLS（明文 HTTP 不再
+# 服务）。健康检查若固定用 http:// 探测，每轮都会被 TLS 监听拒绝并在服务日志里
+# 留下一条 "client sent an HTTP request to an HTTPS server"，同时容器状态永远
+# 是 unhealthy。反过来固定用 https:// 探测，则在未开启 HTTPS 的部署上产生
+# "first record does not look like a TLS handshake"。
+#
+# 当前协议由服务进程写入 $MEBOX_APP_DATA_DIR/.http_scheme（见
+# cmd/server/server_manager.go 的 writeSchemeState）。脚本优先按该文件选择协议，
+# 文件缺失或该协议探测失败时再试另一种，避免状态文件过期导致误报不健康。
+set -u
+
+port="${MEBOX_APP_PORT:-8080}"
+data_dir="${MEBOX_APP_DATA_DIR:-/data}"
+
+scheme_file="$data_dir/.http_scheme"
+scheme=""
+if [ -r "$scheme_file" ]; then
+	scheme="$(tr -d '[:space:]' <"$scheme_file")"
+fi
+if [ "$scheme" = "https" ]; then
+	first="https"
+	second="http"
+else
+	first="http"
+	second="https"
+fi
+
+for proto in "$first" "$second"; do
+	# --no-check-certificate：用户常用自签证书或 IP 访问，校验域名必然会失败。
+	if busybox wget -q --spider -T 3 --no-check-certificate \
+		"$proto://127.0.0.1:$port/api/health" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+		exit 0
+	fi
+done
+
+exit 1

docs/mobile-api/deployment.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# MeBox Mobile API 接入与部署说明
+
+更新日期：2026-10-17  
+适用版本：后端 `feature/android-mobile-api` 分支；App `0.1.0`（versionCode 1）。
+
+## 1. 路径与版本
+
+- 安卓契约挂载在 `/api/v1`，与既有 `/api`、Emby/Jellyfin 入口并行。
+- 健康检查：`GET /api/health`。
+- 实例身份：`GET /api/v1/server-info`（匿名，`Cache-Control: no-store`）。
+- 契约字段与错误码见同目录 `openapi.yaml`。
+
+`server-info.capabilities` 必须反映真实运行能力。当前分支只有
+`device_sessions=true`；播放会话、阅读 v1 进度、批量正文与移动端转码仍为
+`false`，App 不得据此进入对应流程。
+
+## 2. 连接与传输安全
+
+- 公网必须使用 HTTPS；App 默认使用系统信任链，不提供全局跳过证书校验。
+- 局域网 HTTP 需要用户在 App 内明确确认风险；App 只对当前配置的服务器来源
+  使用明文，不会把 MeBox `Authorization` 发往其它主机。
+- 首版只支持根路径部署。`https://host/mebox` 这类子路径会被 App 明确拒绝，
+  不会静默截断为根路径。
+- 反代需要保留 `X-Request-ID`（可选）；服务端会回传同值或新生成值，用于
+  日志对账。
+
+## 3. 反向代理检查项
+
+以下项用于媒体阶段（M3/M4）回归，当前登录闭环不依赖它们，但仍建议提前配置：
+
+| 项目 | 要求 |
+| --- | --- |
+| Range / 206 | 透传客户端 `Range`，不要缓存完整响应后改写状态码 |
+| 流式响应 | 关闭代理缓冲（如 nginx `proxy_buffering off`） |
+| HLS | `.m3u8` 与分片路径不要被改写或强制压缩 |
+| WebSocket | 升级头透传，读超时大于心跳间隔 |
+| 超时 | 登录/普通 API 30 秒内完成；转码起播超时单独配置 |
+
+目前只验证了普通 JSON 端点；上表其余项尚未在本分支验收。
+
+## 4. 认证与会话
+
+- `POST /api/v1/auth/login` 创建 `auth_sessions` 记录，访问令牌 JWT 增加 `sid`。
+- 旧 `/api` 中间件同样校验 `sid`：设备被踢出或退出后，未过期的 JWT 也会立即
+  返回 401，不能借旧入口绕过。
+- 没有 `sid` 的历史令牌继续按原逻辑访问旧 API；v1 认证端点拒绝这类令牌，
+  App 需要重新登录。
+- `POST /api/v1/auth/logout` 幂等；会话撤销会同时撤销其名下刷新令牌。
+- 设备管理中的踢出操作会同步撤销该设备认证会话。
+
+### 刷新轮换边界
+
+- 同一个刷新令牌的并发请求共享一次轮换；60 秒宽限期内重复提交返回同一结果。
+- 轮换结果仍保存在进程内。若新令牌已签发、旧令牌已撤销，但客户端没收到响应
+  且服务器随后重启，旧令牌可能无法恢复；此时 App 应要求重新登录。首版接受
+  该边界，未实现持久化幂等轮换。
+- 会话被撤销时，刷新返回 `401 SESSION_REVOKED`，优先于宽限期复用。
+
+## 5. 错误契约
+
+统一响应：
+
+```json
+{
+  "code": "SESSION_REVOKED",
+  "message": "auth session revoked or expired",
+  "request_id": "8a3bade4-cbb3-485b-8e34-2471e4940fc3",
+  "retryable": false
+}
+```
+
+- 401 由 `code` 区分 `TOKEN_EXPIRED`、`SESSION_REVOKED`、`INVALID_CREDENTIALS`。
+- 403 表示权限或账号状态，不触发刷新。
+- 429 带 `Retry-After`，客户端必须等待。
+- 5xx / `SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE` / `retryable=true` 表示可安全重试。
+
+## 6. 数据迁移与回滚
+
+- 新表 `auth_sessions` 与 `refresh_tokens.auth_session_id` 由现有 AutoMigrate
+  创建，属于增量变更，不清库。
+- SQLite 已验证；PostgreSQL 迁移需要在有实例的环境中单独执行
+  `go test ./internal/database ./internal/repository -count=1` 后才能宣称通过。
+- 回滚到旧版本不会删除新表；旧程序忽略新增字段。回滚前应先确认不需要再
+  依赖 `sid` 即时撤销能力。
+
+## 7. 已知限制
+
+- 单实例部署；未实现多副本共享会话。
+- 外部播放令牌尚未继承 `sid`（属于 M3 播放会话范围），当前不能按设备即时撤销。
+- 反代子路径、自签名证书信任、多服务器配置均未支持。
+- App 目前只开放连接、登录、会话恢复与退出；媒体与阅读入口未实现。

docs/mobile-api/openapi.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
+openapi: 3.0.3
+info:
+  title: MeBox Mobile API
+  version: 1.0.0
+  description: |
+    MeBox 安卓客户端的稳定接入契约。所有路径以 `/api` 为前缀挂载，
+    本文档描述 `/api/v1` 部分；既有 `/api` 与 Emby/Jellyfin 入口保持兼容。
+
+    约定：
+    - JSON 字段使用 snake_case；
+    - 时间点为 RFC 3339 UTC 字符串，播放位置与时长使用整数毫秒；
+    - 集合为空时返回 `[]`，未知字段客户端必须忽略；
+    - 错误响应统一为 `code`、`message`、`request_id`、`retryable`；
+    - 能力开关只有在接口实现且当前可运行时才为 true。
+servers:
+  - url: /api
+security:
+  - bearerAuth: []
+tags:
+  - name: server
+  - name: auth
+paths:
+  /v1/server-info:
+    get:
+      tags: [server]
+      summary: 匿名读取实例身份与移动端能力
+      security: []
+      responses:
+        '200':
+          description: 实例可连接
+          headers:
+            Cache-Control:
+              schema:
+                type: string
+              description: 固定为 no-store
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/ServerInfo'
+        '503':
+          description: 暂时无法读取实例身份
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+  /v1/auth/login:
+    post:
+      tags: [auth]
+      summary: 账号密码登录并创建认证会话
+      security: []
+      parameters:
+        - $ref: '#/components/parameters/RequestId'
+      requestBody:
+        required: true
+        content:
+          application/json:
+            schema:
+              $ref: '#/components/schemas/LoginRequest'
+      responses:
+        '200':
+          description: 登录成功
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/AuthResponse'
+        '400':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/InvalidArgument'
+        '401':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/InvalidCredentials'
+        '403':
+          description: 账号被禁用或已到期
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+        '429':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/RateLimited'
+        '503':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/ServiceUnavailable'
+  /v1/auth/refresh:
+    post:
+      tags: [auth]
+      summary: 使用刷新令牌轮换令牌对
+      security: []
+      description: |
+        刷新令牌必须由 v1 登录签发并关联认证会话。同一 refresh token 的
+        并发提交只会真正轮换一次；轮换后 60 秒内重复提交返回同一次结果。
+        会话被撤销后刷新返回 SESSION_REVOKED。
+      requestBody:
+        required: true
+        content:
+          application/json:
+            schema:
+              $ref: '#/components/schemas/RefreshRequest'
+      responses:
+        '200':
+          description: 刷新成功，新令牌继续归属同一 auth_session_id
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/AuthResponse'
+        '400':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/InvalidArgument'
+        '401':
+          description: 刷新令牌无效、过期或会话已撤销
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+        '503':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/ServiceUnavailable'
+  /v1/auth/session:
+    get:
+      tags: [auth]
+      summary: 读取当前用户与认证会话
+      responses:
+        '200':
+          description: 会话有效
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: '#/components/schemas/SessionResponse'
+        '401':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/SessionInvalid'
+        '503':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/ServiceUnavailable'
+  /v1/auth/logout:
+    post:
+      tags: [auth]
+      summary: 撤销当前认证会话
+      description: 幂等；重复退出同样返回 200。
+      responses:
+        '200':
+          description: 已退出（本机与远端）
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                type: object
+                properties:
+                  status:
+                    type: string
+                    example: ok
+        '401':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/SessionInvalid'
+        '503':
+          $ref: '#/components/responses/ServiceUnavailable'
+components:
+  securitySchemes:
+    bearerAuth:
+      type: http
+      scheme: bearer
+      bearerFormat: JWT
+  parameters:
+    RequestId:
+      name: X-Request-ID
+      in: header
+      required: false
+      description: |
+        可选的诊断 ID（8—128 位 ASCII 字母、数字或 `-_.:`）。服务器会在
+        响应头与错误体回传同一个值；非法值会被替换为新 UUID。该值不参与鉴权。
+      schema:
+        type: string
+  responses:
+    InvalidArgument:
+      description: 请求字段缺失或格式错误
+      content:
+        application/json:
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+    InvalidCredentials:
+      description: 用户名或密码错误
+      content:
+        application/json:
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+    SessionInvalid:
+      description: 访问令牌无效、过期或认证会话已撤销
+      content:
+        application/json:
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+    RateLimited:
+      description: 请求过于频繁
+      headers:
+        Retry-After:
+          schema:
+            type: integer
+          description: 建议等待秒数
+      content:
+        application/json:
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+    ServiceUnavailable:
+      description: 暂时性服务/存储错误，可安全重试
+      content:
+        application/json:
+          schema:
+            $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileError'
+  schemas:
+    ServerInfo:
+      type: object
+      required:
+        - name
+        - server_id
+        - server_version
+        - api_version
+        - min_supported_app_version_code
+        - capabilities
+      properties:
+        name:
+          type: string
+          example: MeBox
+        server_id:
+          type: string
+          format: uuid
+          description: 实例持久身份；备份克隆成独立实例时必须显式重置。
+        server_version:
+          type: string
+          example: MeBox-v0.1.16
+        api_version:
+          type: string
+          example: v1
+        min_supported_app_version_code:
+          type: integer
+          minimum: 1
+        capabilities:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/ServerCapabilities'
+    ServerCapabilities:
+      type: object
+      required:
+        - device_sessions
+        - playback_sessions
+        - reader_progress_v1
+        - reader_content_batch
+        - local_transcode
+      properties:
+        device_sessions:
+          type: boolean
+          description: M1 起为 true
+        playback_sessions:
+          type: boolean
+          description: 播放会话接口未实现前必须为 false
+        reader_progress_v1:
+          type: boolean
+          description: v1 阅读锚点/版本冲突未实现前必须为 false
+        reader_content_batch:
+          type: boolean
+          description: v1 批量正文与资源引用未实现前必须为 false
+        local_transcode:
+          type: boolean
+          description: 移动端可用的本地转码会话未实现前必须为 false
+    MobileUser:
+      type: object
+      required: [id, username, role, tier, is_active, force_password_reset]
+      properties:
+        id:
+          type: string
+        username:
+          type: string
+        nickname:
+          type: string
+        role:
+          type: string
+          enum: [admin, user]
+        tier:
+          type: string
+          example: free
+        is_active:
+          type: boolean
+        force_password_reset:
+          type: boolean
+        expires_at:
+          type: string
+          format: date-time
+          nullable: true
+    TokenPair:
+      type: object
+      required: [access_token, refresh_token, expires_in, token_type]
+      properties:
+        access_token:
+          type: string
+        refresh_token:
+          type: string
+        expires_in:
+          type: integer
+          description: 访问令牌有效秒数
+        token_type:
+          type: string
+          example: Bearer
+    LoginRequest:
+      type: object
+      required: [username, password, device_id]
+      properties:
+        username:
+          type: string
+        password:
+          type: string
+        device_id:
+          type: string
+          maxLength: 128
+          description: App 安装随机生成，不使用 IMEI/MAC 等硬件标识。
+        device_name:
+          type: string
+          maxLength: 128
+        client_name:
+          type: string
+          maxLength: 64
+          example: MeBox Android
+        client_version:
+          type: string
+          maxLength: 64
+    RefreshRequest:
+      type: object
+      required: [refresh_token]
+      properties:
+        refresh_token:
+          type: string
+    AuthResponse:
+      type: object
+      required: [auth_session_id, user, tokens]
+      properties:
+        auth_session_id:
+          type: string
+          format: uuid
+        user:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileUser'
+        tokens:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/TokenPair'
+    SessionDevice:
+      type: object
+      properties:
+        device_id:
+          type: string
+        device_name:
+          type: string
+        client_name:
+          type: string
+        client_version:
+          type: string
+        last_used_at:
+          type: string
+          format: date-time
+        expires_at:
+          type: string
+          format: date-time
+    SessionResponse:
+      type: object
+      required: [auth_session_id, user]
+      properties:
+        auth_session_id:
+          type: string
+          format: uuid
+        user:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/MobileUser'
+        session:
+          $ref: '#/components/schemas/SessionDevice'
+    MobileError:
+      type: object
+      required: [code, message, request_id, retryable]
+      properties:
+        code:
+          type: string
+          enum:
+            - INVALID_ARGUMENT
+            - INVALID_CREDENTIALS
+            - TOKEN_EXPIRED
+            - SESSION_REVOKED
+            - ACCOUNT_DISABLED
+            - ACCOUNT_EXPIRED
+            - PERMISSION_DENIED
+            - PROFILE_PIN_REQUIRED
+            - RATE_LIMITED
+            - UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE
+            - TRANSCODE_BUSY
+            - PLAYBACK_SESSION_NOT_FOUND
+            - RESOURCE_EXPIRED
+            - PROGRESS_CONFLICT
+            - SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE
+        message:
+          type: string
+        request_id:
+          type: string
+        retryable:
+          type: boolean
+        retry_after_sec:
+          type: integer
+          minimum: 0
+        details:
+          description: 可选的稳定结构化细节，未定义时客户端必须忽略。

docs/superpowers/plans/2026-10-21-playback-correctness-isolation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Playback Correctness and Isolation Implementation Plan
+
+**Goal:** Fix the five playback defects from the 2026-10-21 review and make playback capability queries side-effect-free, without replacing the player or adding dependencies.
+
+**Scope:** The user approved implementing the reviewed fixes. Work in the current clean checkout; do not commit, push, deploy, or alter unrelated files.
+
+## Design and invariants
+
+- Keep existing media IDs, stream routes, direct playback and external-player URLs compatible.
+- Add optional `session_id` to local HLS requests. Authenticated handlers supply the actual user identity; a client parameter never supplies the owner. New web playback sessions use random IDs. Legacy clients are isolated by user and, where available, Emby play-session/device identity.
+- Keep transcoder media lookup/logging separate from its internal task key. A task key incorporates user, media and playback session. Each actual ffmpeg run writes to a fresh generation directory, so delayed segment requests never read a replacement run's output.
+- Stop only the authenticated caller's playback session. Check media visibility and scoped playback tokens on stop, just as on playlist/segment requests. Segment and playlist queries must match the running generation.
+- Cloud child requests resolve their real session media first, compare query media, enforce token scope and visibility against the real media, and reject mismatches before upstream fetch.
+- Treat player business positions as absolute source seconds. Only local HLS converts to/from a relative ffmpeg timeline.
+- Invalidate outstanding cloud-transcode requests on media/unmount, explicit source/quality changes, and newer requests. Guard both fulfilled and rejected responses.
+- Select local fallbacks only from available local qualities. Keep the existing 115-first preference when a cloud quality is available.
+- `PlaybackInfo` only reads capabilities/status. Explicit `StartTranscode` requests enqueue cloud work. Retain pending/ready response contracts, polling, and retries.
+
+## Tasks
+
+1. Add regression tests for local-scope isolation, stale generations, stop authorization, cloud media binding, pure capability reads, timeline conversion, available-local selection and stale async results. Run tests before implementation and verify the intended failures.
+2. Add tested playback helpers; route skip/undo/progress/quality/subtitle calculations through the common absolute timeline; guard cloud transcode results and fix local fallback choice.
+3. Extend existing transcoder/stream methods with an optional scope, preserve legacy internal calls, isolate task keys/output directories, and pass caller scope from web and Emby handlers. Bind web local HLS URLs and stop requests to captured session IDs.
+4. Enforce real-media authorization on cloud child requests and authenticated ownership on local stop.
+5. Split read-only cloud capability lookup from explicit cloud enqueue. Update existing cloud tests to use the explicit start operation and test no push during reads.
+6. Run focused and full Go tests, frontend tests, TypeScript/Vite build, lint diagnostics and review the diff for security, lifecycle and API compatibility. Fix regressions before reporting completion.
+
+## Verification commands
+
+- `node --experimental-strip-types --test src/pages/hlsPlayback.test.ts src/pages/directPlaySeek.test.ts src/pages/playerPageModel.test.ts src/pages/playbackQuality.test.ts src/pages/playbackRequestGuard.test.ts src/utils/skipSegments.test.ts`
+- `go test ./internal/service ./internal/handler ./internal/middleware -count=1`
+- `go test ./...`
+- `npm run build` and targeted ESLint for changed frontend files.
+
+## Out of scope
+
+New remux/audio-only ffmpeg pipelines, speculative browser codec policy changes, player replacement, broad UI refactors, performance improvement claims without measurements, and production deployment.
+
+## Verification outcome
+
+- Six frontend playback regression scripts pass; targeted ESLint and the TypeScript/Vite production build pass. The existing bundle-size warning remains.
+- Playback/stream/transcode/progress tests in service, handler and middleware pass, including scoped output reads, stale generation rejection, scoped stops, device-to-segment propagation, read-only capability queries and concurrent cloud start deduplication.
+- Whole-repository tests pass with only `TestQueueLibraryRootScanImportsNewLibraryMedia` and `TestSQLiteRestoreStagesWithoutChangingLiveDatabase` excluded. Both were run independently and reproduce Windows file-lock / SQLite errors in unmodified scan/database code. They are not silently disabled in source.
+- FFmpeg is not installed in this environment, so the existing real-transcode lifecycle test skips. Actual video, upstream 115 and browser end-to-end playback remain unverified.
+- Clients with no playback-session or device identifier retain per-user legacy isolation; new web requests always carry an independent session ID.
+- No commit, push or deployment was performed.

internal/config/defaults.go

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ func setDefaults(v *viper.Viper) {
 	v.SetDefault("database.cache_size", -40000)
 	v.SetDefault("database.max_open_conns", defaultDatabaseMaxOpenConns)
 	v.SetDefault("database.max_idle_conns", defaultDatabaseMaxIdleConns)
+	v.SetDefault("database.postgres_trgm_index", true)
 
 	v.SetDefault("secrets.jwt_secret", "")
 

internal/config/types.go

@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ type AppConfig struct {
 	DataDir string `mapstructure:"data_dir"`
 	WebDir  string `mapstructure:"web_dir"`
 	// HTTPSEnabled 是否仅通过 HTTPS 提供访问。启用时必须同时配置
-	// SSLCert / SSLKey（或 SSLCertPath / SSLKeyPath），保存后服务会热切换到 HTTPS。
+	// SSLCert / SSLKey（或 SSLCertPath / SSLKeyPath），保存后服务会热切换到 HTTPS；
+	// 同一端口上的明文 HTTP 请求会被跳转到 HTTPS，而不是直接拒绝。
 	HTTPSEnabled bool `mapstructure:"https_enabled"`
 	// SSLCert 是 PEM 编码的 SSL 证书内容。
 	SSLCert string `mapstructure:"ssl_cert"`
@@ -86,6 +87,10 @@ type DatabaseConfig struct {
 	CacheSize    int    `mapstructure:"cache_size"`
 	MaxOpenConns int    `mapstructure:"max_open_conns"`
 	MaxIdleConns int    `mapstructure:"max_idle_conns"`
+	// PostgresTrgmIndex 决定是否用 pg_trgm 的 GIN 三元组索引替代 SQLite 的
+	// FTS5 全文索引。开启后 ILIKE '%term%' 搜索能走索引而不是整表扫描，代价是
+	// media 表写入时要多维护 4 个 GIN 索引。仅对 PostgreSQL 生效。
+	PostgresTrgmIndex bool `mapstructure:"postgres_trgm_index"`
 }
 
 // SecretsConfig 保存 JWT / 第三方 API 密钥（不要提交值）。

internal/database/compatibility_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/stdlib"
+	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+)
+
+// PostgreSQL tests use a disposable schema, never the caller's existing tables.
+// Set MEBOX_TEST_POSTGRES_DSN to include a real PostgreSQL server in local runs.
+func compatibilityDB(t *testing.T, dialect string) *gorm.DB {
+	t.Helper()
+	var db *gorm.DB
+	if dialect == "sqlite" {
+		cfg := &config.Config{}
+		cfg.Database.Type = dialect
+		cfg.Database.DBPath = filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "test.db")
+		cfg.Database.WALMode = true
+		cfg.Database.BusyTimeout = 5000
+		cfg.Database.MaxOpenConns = 8
+		var err error
+		db, err = Open(cfg, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		dsn := os.Getenv("MEBOX_TEST_POSTGRES_DSN")
+		if dsn == "" {
+			t.Skip("set MEBOX_TEST_POSTGRES_DSN to run PostgreSQL integration tests")
+		}
+		pgcfg, err := pgx.ParseConfig(dsn)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal("invalid PostgreSQL test configuration")
+		}
+		admin := stdlib.OpenDB(*pgcfg)
+		t.Cleanup(func() { _ = admin.Close() })
+		schemaName := "mebox_test_" + strings.ReplaceAll(uuid.NewString(), "-", "")
+		if _, err := admin.Exec("CREATE SCHEMA " + quoteIdent(schemaName)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		t.Cleanup(func() {
+			if _, err := admin.Exec("DROP SCHEMA " + quoteIdent(schemaName) + " CASCADE"); err != nil {
+				t.Error(err)
+			}
+		})
+		pgcfg.RuntimeParams["search_path"] = schemaName + ",public"
+		conn := stdlib.OpenDB(*pgcfg)
+		t.Cleanup(func() { _ = conn.Close() })
+		db, err = gorm.Open(postgres.New(postgres.Config{Conn: conn}), &gorm.Config{})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	db.Logger = logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent)
+	if conn, err := db.DB(); err == nil {
+		t.Cleanup(func() { _ = conn.Close() })
+	}
+	if err := AutoMigrate(db); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return db
+}
+
+func TestDatabaseCompatibility(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, dialect := range []string{"sqlite", "postgres"} {
+		t.Run(dialect, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Run("long_paths_and_restart", func(t *testing.T) {
+				db := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+				// Distinct CJK characters prevent TOAST compression from hiding
+				// the PostgreSQL btree entry size limit (> 2704 bytes).
+				var path strings.Builder
+				path.WriteString("/media/")
+				for i := range 980 {
+					path.WriteRune(rune(0x4e00 + i))
+				}
+				path.WriteString(".mkv")
+				media := model.Media{Path: path.String(), Title: "Long path"}
+				if err := db.Create(&media).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("insert long media path: %v", err)
+				}
+				if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Path: media.Path}).Error; err == nil {
+					t.Fatal("duplicate path accepted")
+				}
+				if err := AutoMigrate(db); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("migrate existing database: %v", err)
+				}
+				var found model.Media
+				if err := db.Where("path = ?", media.Path).First(&found).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("lookup long path: %v", err)
+				}
+			})
+			if dialect == "postgres" {
+				t.Run("upgrade_legacy_path_indexes", func(t *testing.T) {
+					db := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+					for _, unique := range []string{"UNIQUE ", ""} {
+						if err := db.Exec("DROP INDEX idx_media_path").Error; err != nil {
+							t.Fatal(err)
+						}
+						if err := db.Exec("CREATE " + unique + "INDEX idx_media_path ON media(path)").Error; err != nil {
+							t.Fatal(err)
+						}
+						for range 2 {
+							if err := ensureMediaPathIndex(db); err != nil {
+								t.Fatal(err)
+							}
+						}
+						isUnique, method, found, err := postgresIndexProperties(db, "idx_media_path")
+						if err != nil || !found || isUnique || method != "hash" {
+							t.Fatalf("legacy index not upgraded: unique=%v method=%s found=%v err=%v", isUnique, method, found, err)
+						}
+					}
+				})
+			}
+			t.Run("search_ranking", func(t *testing.T) {
+				db := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+				// Exercise LIKE fallback in both engines.
+				if dialect == "sqlite" {
+					resetMediaSearchIndex(db)
+				}
+				for i, title := range []string{"The Alpha story", "Alpha sequel", "Alpha"} {
+					row := model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: fmt.Sprintf("m-%d", i), CreatedAt: time.Now().Add(time.Duration(i) * time.Minute)}, Title: title, Path: fmt.Sprintf("/media/%d.mkv", i)}
+					if err := db.Create(&row).Error; err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				}
+				items, total, err := repository.New(db).Media.SearchFilteredPage(t.Context(), "Alpha", 0, 10, repository.MediaQueryFilter{IncludeNSFW: true})
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if total != 3 || len(items) != 3 || items[0].Title != "Alpha" || items[1].Title != "Alpha sequel" {
+					t.Fatalf("unexpected search ranking: total=%d, items=%v", total, items)
+				}
+			})
+			t.Run("concurrent_media_upsert", func(t *testing.T) {
+				db := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+				repo := repository.New(db).Media
+				const workers = 8
+				// Synchronize the initial lookups to force the insert race.
+				var lookups sync.WaitGroup
+				lookups.Add(workers)
+				if dialect == "postgres" {
+					if err := db.Callback().Query().After("gorm:after_query").Register("test:insert_race", func(tx *gorm.DB) {
+						if tx.Statement.Table == "media" && tx.Error == gorm.ErrRecordNotFound {
+							lookups.Done()
+							lookups.Wait()
+						}
+					}); err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				}
+				ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 15*time.Second)
+				defer cancel()
+				errs := make(chan error, workers)
+				for range workers {
+					go func() { errs <- repo.Upsert(ctx, &model.Media{Path: "/media/shared.mkv", Title: "Shared"}) }()
+				}
+				for range workers {
+					if err := <-errs; err != nil {
+						t.Errorf("concurrent upsert: %v", err)
+					}
+				}
+				var count int64
+				if err := db.Model(&model.Media{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil || count != 1 {
+					t.Fatalf("media count=%d, err=%v", count, err)
+				}
+			})
+			t.Run("search_filters", func(t *testing.T) {
+				db := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+				rows := []model.Media{
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "keep"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Action", Year: 2020, Rating: 8},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "other-library"}, LibraryID: "lib-2", Genres: "Action", Year: 2020, Rating: 8},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "other-genre"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Comedy", Year: 2020, Rating: 8},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "too-old"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Action", Year: 1990, Rating: 8},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "too-new"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Action", Year: 2026, Rating: 8},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "low-rating"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Action", Year: 2020, Rating: 2},
+					{Base: model.Base{ID: "watched"}, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: "Action", Year: 2020, Rating: 8},
+				}
+				for i := range rows {
+					rows[i].Title = "Alpha " + rows[i].ID
+					rows[i].Path = "/media/" + rows[i].ID + ".mkv"
+					if err := db.Create(&rows[i]).Error; err != nil {
+						t.Fatal(err)
+					}
+				}
+				if err := db.Create(&model.PlaybackHistory{UserID: "viewer", MediaID: "watched", Completed: true}).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				items, total, err := repository.New(db).Media.SearchFilteredPage(t.Context(), "alpha", 0, 10, repository.MediaQueryFilter{
+					IncludeNSFW: true, LibraryID: "lib-1", Genres: []string{"Action"}, YearMin: 2000, YearMax: 2025, RatingMin: 5,
+					UnwatchedOnly: true, UnwatchedUserID: "viewer",
+				})
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if total != 1 || len(items) != 1 || items[0].ID != "keep" {
+					t.Fatalf("search ignored filters: total=%d, items=%v", total, items)
+				}
+			})
+			t.Run("migration_preserves_zero_values", func(t *testing.T) {
+				src := compatibilityDB(t, "sqlite")
+				dst := compatibilityDB(t, dialect)
+				user := model.User{Username: "disabled", PasswordHash: "hash"}
+				if err := src.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if err := src.Model(&user).Updates(map[string]any{"is_active": false, "hide_adult": false, "player_volume": 0, "danmaku_enabled": false}).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if _, _, err := copyModelTables(src, dst, 500); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				var got model.User
+				if err := dst.First(&got, "id = ?", user.ID).Error; err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if got.IsActive || got.HideAdult || got.PlayerVolume != 0 || got.DanmakuEnabled {
+					t.Fatalf("migration replaced stored zero values: active=%v hide_adult=%v volume=%v danmaku=%v", got.IsActive, got.HideAdult, got.PlayerVolume, got.DanmakuEnabled)
+				}
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/database/database_admin.go

@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func MigrateCurrentToPostgres(src *gorm.DB, targetDSN string, batchSize int, log
 	}
 
 	// 1. 初始化目标库 Schema、类型与索引
-	if err := AutoMigrate(targetDB); err != nil {
+	if err := AutoMigrateWithConfig(targetDB, nil, log); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("auto migrate target PostgreSQL: %w", err)
 	}
 

internal/database/persisted_rows.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// InsertPreservingValues copies persisted model rows without applying creation
+// hooks or defaults. Struct CreateInBatches treats false, 0 and empty strings as
+// missing values, which would reactivate disabled accounts during migration or
+// restore. Column maps preserve the exact values already stored in the source.
+func InsertPreservingValues(db *gorm.DB, rows any, batchSize int) error {
+	stmt := &gorm.Statement{DB: db}
+	if err := stmt.Parse(rows); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	slice := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rows))
+	if slice.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
+		return fmt.Errorf("persisted rows must be a slice, got %T", rows)
+	}
+	if len(stmt.Schema.DBNames) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("persisted rows have no database columns")
+	}
+	values := make([]map[string]any, 0, slice.Len())
+	for i := 0; i < slice.Len(); i++ {
+		row := make(map[string]any, len(stmt.Schema.DBNames))
+		for _, name := range stmt.Schema.DBNames {
+			field := stmt.Schema.FieldsByDBName[name]
+			if field.Creatable {
+				row[name], _ = field.ValueOf(db.Statement.Context, slice.Index(i))
+			}
+		}
+		values = append(values, row)
+	}
+	if len(values) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Bound batches by each engine's bind-parameter limit.
+	parameterLimit := 65535
+	if isSQLite(db) {
+		parameterLimit = 32766
+	}
+	maxBatch := parameterLimit / len(stmt.Schema.DBNames)
+	if batchSize <= 0 || batchSize > maxBatch {
+		batchSize = maxBatch
+	}
+	return db.Table(stmt.Schema.Table).CreateInBatches(values, batchSize).Error
+}

internal/database/schema_migration.go

@@ -1,13 +1,25 @@
 package database
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 )
 
 // AutoMigrate creates tables for every model registered in the model package.
 func AutoMigrate(db *gorm.DB) error {
+	return AutoMigrateWithConfig(db, nil, nil)
+}
+
+// AutoMigrateWithConfig 与 AutoMigrate 相同，另外接受配置与日志：
+// 配置用来决定可选的 PostgreSQL 搜索索引，日志用来记录耗时步骤
+// （首次在已有大库上重建索引可能需要数十秒）。两者都可以为 nil。
+func AutoMigrateWithConfig(db *gorm.DB, cfg *config.Config, log *zap.Logger) error {
 	// 必须先于 AutoMigrate：旧库中可能已有重复的 (user_id, media_id) 历史行，
 	// 不去重会导致唯一索引 uniq_user_history 创建失败。
 	if err := dedupePlaybackHistories(db); err != nil {
@@ -32,6 +44,9 @@ func AutoMigrate(db *gorm.DB) error {
 	if err := ensurePerformanceIndexes(db); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if err := ensureMediaPathIndex(db); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	if err := ensureLibraryRootsCompatibility(db); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -44,6 +59,113 @@ func AutoMigrate(db *gorm.DB) error {
 		}
 		return ensureSQLiteQueryOptimizer(db)
 	}
+	return ensurePostgresSearchIndexes(db, cfg, log)
+}
+
+// ensureMediaPathIndex 建立 media.path 的唯一约束与等值查找索引。
+//
+// 模型上不再用 gorm:"uniqueIndex"（见 model.Media.Path 的注释）：PostgreSQL 的
+// btree 单条索引项上限是 2704 字节，varchar(1024) 在中文路径下可达 3072 字节，
+// 对整列建唯一索引会让这类行插入时报
+//
+//	index row size ... exceeds btree version 4 maximum 2704
+//
+// 所以 PostgreSQL 改用 md5(path) 的表达式唯一索引（定长 32 字节，永远塞得下），
+// 同时用 hash 索引 idx_media_path 加速 path = ? 等值查找；非唯一 btree
+// 也有索引项长度限制，不能继续对完整 path 建 btree。SQLite 沿用整列唯一索引。
+func ensureMediaPathIndex(db *gorm.DB) error {
+	if db == nil || !db.Migrator().HasTable("media") {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if !isPostgres(db) {
+		return db.Exec(`CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_path ON media(path)`).Error
+	}
+	// 先建哈希唯一索引：此时旧索引还在，唯一性不会出现空窗。
+	if err := db.Exec(`CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_path_hash ON media(md5(path))`).Error; err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	unique, method, found, err := postgresIndexProperties(db, "idx_media_path")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if found && (unique || method != "hash") {
+		if err := db.Exec(`DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_media_path`).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return db.Exec(`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_path ON media USING hash(path)`).Error
+}
+
+// postgresIndexProperties 返回当前 schema 下索引的唯一性与访问方法。
+func postgresIndexProperties(db *gorm.DB, indexName string) (unique bool, method string, found bool, err error) {
+	// 用指针接 bool：没有匹配行时 Scan 不报错，nil 即代表索引不存在。
+	var row struct {
+		IsUnique *bool
+		Method   string
+	}
+	if err := db.Raw(`
+SELECT i.indisunique AS is_unique, a.amname AS method
+FROM pg_class c
+JOIN pg_index i ON i.indexrelid = c.oid
+JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
+JOIN pg_am a ON a.oid = c.relam
+WHERE n.nspname = current_schema() AND c.relname = ?
+`, indexName).Scan(&row).Error; err != nil {
+		return false, "", false, err
+	}
+	if row.IsUnique == nil {
+		return false, "", false, nil
+	}
+	return *row.IsUnique, row.Method, true, nil
+}
+
+// ensurePostgresSearchIndexes 给 PostgreSQL 补上 SQLite FTS5 的替代品。
+//
+// 全文检索只在 SQLite 下存在（FTS5 虚表 + 触发器），PostgreSQL 下
+// media_search_repository 会退回 title/original_name/path/genres 的 ILIKE
+// 全表扫描。pg_trgm 的 GIN 三元组索引能让这类 '%term%' 模式（≥3 字符）走索引，
+// 把搜索从整表扫描降到索引扫描。
+//
+// 之所以可关闭：media 表写入非常频繁（每次扫描批量入库），多 4 个 GIN 索引会
+// 明显放大写入成本。默认开启以对齐 SQLite 的搜索能力，写入压力大的部署可以关掉。
+//
+// 整个过程是尽力而为：没有建扩展的权限、Postgres 版本不支持等情况下只记一条
+// 警告并继续启动，绝不让一个搜索加速项把服务挡在门外。
+func ensurePostgresSearchIndexes(db *gorm.DB, cfg *config.Config, log *zap.Logger) error {
+	if !isPostgres(db) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if cfg != nil && !cfg.Database.PostgresTrgmIndex {
+		if log != nil {
+			log.Info("postgres trigram search index disabled; media search falls back to sequential scan")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := db.Exec(`CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm`).Error; err != nil {
+		if log != nil {
+			log.Warn("create pg_trgm extension failed; media search falls back to sequential scan", zap.Error(err))
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	// 首次在已有大库上执行会重建索引（服务尚未开始接受请求），之后每次启动都因
+	// IF NOT EXISTS 直接跳过。
+	if log != nil {
+		log.Info("ensuring postgres trigram search indexes")
+	}
+	for _, stmt := range []string{
+		`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_title_trgm ON media USING gin (title gin_trgm_ops)`,
+		`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_original_name_trgm ON media USING gin (original_name gin_trgm_ops)`,
+		`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_path_trgm ON media USING gin (path gin_trgm_ops)`,
+		`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_media_genres_trgm ON media USING gin (genres gin_trgm_ops)`,
+	} {
+		if err := db.Exec(stmt).Error; err != nil {
+			if log != nil {
+				log.Warn("create trigram index failed; media search may fall back to sequential scan",
+					zap.String("statement", stmt), zap.Error(err))
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -176,16 +298,35 @@ func ensurePostgresColumnCompatibility(db *gorm.DB) error {
 	if !isPostgres(db) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	statements := []string{
-		`ALTER TABLE media ALTER COLUMN container TYPE varchar(128)`,
-		`ALTER TABLE media ALTER COLUMN genres TYPE text`,
-		`ALTER TABLE media ALTER COLUMN series_id TYPE varchar(128)`,
-		`ALTER TABLE media ALTER COLUMN duplicate_of TYPE varchar(128)`,
-		`ALTER TABLE playback_histories ALTER COLUMN media_id TYPE varchar(128)`,
-		`ALTER TABLE favorites ALTER COLUMN media_id TYPE varchar(128)`,
-		`ALTER TABLE playlist_items ALTER COLUMN media_id TYPE varchar(128)`,
+	// 只在类型确实不匹配时才 ALTER。
+	//
+	// PostgreSQL 的 ALTER COLUMN ... TYPE 只要类型声明与目标不同就会整表重写并
+	// 重建相关索引，执行期间持有 ACCESS EXCLUSIVE 锁。此前这里每次启动都无条件
+	// 发这 7 条语句：类型其实早已一致，但几十万行的 media 表仍然被反复重写，
+	// 启动会卡住数分钟，且期间这张表连读都被阻塞。
+	changes := []struct {
+		table  string
+		column string
+		target string
+	}{
+		{"media", "container", "varchar(128)"},
+		{"media", "genres", "text"},
+		{"media", "series_id", "varchar(128)"},
+		{"media", "duplicate_of", "varchar(128)"},
+		{"playback_histories", "media_id", "varchar(128)"},
+		{"favorites", "media_id", "varchar(128)"},
+		{"playlist_items", "media_id", "varchar(128)"},
 	}
-	for _, stmt := range statements {
+	for _, change := range changes {
+		current, found, err := postgresColumnType(db, change.table, change.column)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !found || current == change.target {
+			continue
+		}
+		stmt := "ALTER TABLE " + quoteIdent(change.table) +
+			" ALTER COLUMN " + quoteIdent(change.column) + " TYPE " + change.target
 		if err := db.Exec(stmt).Error; err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -193,6 +334,35 @@ func ensurePostgresColumnCompatibility(db *gorm.DB) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// postgresColumnType 返回列在当前 schema 下的规范化类型描述，例如
+// "varchar(128)" / "text"。列不存在时 found 为 false。
+func postgresColumnType(db *gorm.DB, table, column string) (value string, found bool, err error) {
+	var row struct {
+		DataType  string
+		MaxLength *int64
+	}
+	if err := db.Raw(`
+SELECT data_type AS data_type, character_maximum_length AS max_length
+FROM information_schema.columns
+WHERE table_schema = current_schema() AND table_name = ? AND column_name = ?
+`, table, column).Scan(&row).Error; err != nil {
+		return "", false, fmt.Errorf("inspect postgres column %s.%s: %w", table, column, err)
+	}
+	dataType := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(row.DataType))
+	if dataType == "" {
+		return "", false, nil
+	}
+	// information_schema 用的是 SQL 标准名，映射回 GORM 标签里的写法再比较。
+	switch dataType {
+	case "character varying", "varchar":
+		dataType = "varchar"
+	}
+	if row.MaxLength != nil && *row.MaxLength > 0 {
+		dataType = fmt.Sprintf("%s(%d)", dataType, *row.MaxLength)
+	}
+	return dataType, true, nil
+}
+
 func ensurePerformanceIndexes(db *gorm.DB) error {
 	statements := []string{
 		// 完整多级排序索引：媒体库分页与首页预览的 ORDER BY

internal/database/schema_migration_path_index_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// TestAutoMigrateCreatesMediaPathUniqueIndex 守住 media.path 的唯一约束。
+//
+// 模型上不再声明 gorm:"uniqueIndex"（PostgreSQL 的 btree 单条索引项上限是
+// 2704 字节，而 varchar(1024) 在中文路径下可达 3072 字节，对整列建唯一索引会让
+// 这类行插入直接失败），改由 AutoMigrate 里的 ensureMediaPathIndex 按方言显式
+// 建立。一旦这个调用被漏掉，扫描会静默产生重复的媒体行（同一文件被入库多次）。
+func TestAutoMigrateCreatesMediaPathUniqueIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "mebox.db")), &gorm.Config{
+		Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// 必须在 TempDir 清理之前关掉连接，否则 Windows 上删除库文件会失败。
+	// t.Cleanup 是后进先出：这里注册的关闭早于 t.TempDir 注册的删除。
+	if sqlDB, err := db.DB(); err == nil {
+		t.Cleanup(func() { _ = sqlDB.Close() })
+	}
+	if err := AutoMigrate(db); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("AutoMigrate: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var definition string
+	if err := db.Raw(`SELECT COALESCE(sql, '') FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'index' AND name = 'idx_media_path'`).Scan(&definition).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if definition == "" {
+		t.Fatal("AutoMigrate did not create idx_media_path")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.ToUpper(definition), "UNIQUE") {
+		t.Fatalf("idx_media_path is not unique: %q", definition)
+	}
+
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "m-1"}, Path: "/media/a.mkv"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "m-2"}, Path: "/media/a.mkv"}).Error; err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("a duplicate media path was accepted; the unique constraint is not enforced")
+	}
+}

internal/database/sqlite_migration_copy.go

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func copyModelTables(src, target *gorm.DB, batchSize int) (map[string]int64, int
 			if filtered.Len() > 0 {
 				filteredPtr := reflect.New(filtered.Type())
 				filteredPtr.Elem().Set(filtered)
-				if err := target.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}).CreateInBatches(filteredPtr.Interface(), batchSize).Error; err != nil {
+				if err := InsertPreservingValues(target.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}), filteredPtr.Interface(), batchSize); err != nil {
 					return tableCounts, totalCopied, fmt.Errorf("copy sqlite table %s: %w", table, err)
 				}
 				copiedForTable += int64(filtered.Len())

internal/database/sqlite_restore.go

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+)
+
+var sqliteRestoreMu sync.Mutex
+
+func sqliteRestorePath(cfg *config.Config) (string, error) {
+	if cfg == nil || strings.TrimSpace(cfg.Database.DBPath) == "" || cfg.Database.DBPath == ":memory:" || strings.HasPrefix(cfg.Database.DBPath, "file:") {
+		return "", errors.New("恢复需要配置有效的 SQLite 数据库文件路径")
+	}
+	return filepath.Abs(cfg.Database.DBPath)
+}
+
+func sqliteRestoreDSN(path, mode string) string {
+	u := url.URL{Scheme: "file", Path: filepath.ToSlash(path)}
+	q := url.Values{"mode": {mode}, "_pragma": {"busy_timeout(5000)"}}
+	u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
+	return u.String()
+}
+
+func validateSQLiteRestore(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
+	info, err := os.Lstat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !info.Mode().IsRegular() {
+		return errors.New("备份必须是常规文件")
+	}
+	db, err := sql.Open("sqlite", sqliteRestoreDSN(path, "ro"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	var result string
+	if err := db.QueryRowContext(ctx, "PRAGMA quick_check").Scan(&result); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("SQLite 备份校验失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	if result != "ok" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("SQLite 备份校验失败: %s", result)
+	}
+	var tables int
+	if err := db.QueryRowContext(ctx, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name IN ('users', 'media', 'settings')").Scan(&tables); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if tables == 0 {
+		return errors.New("备份不包含 MeBox 数据表")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// StageSQLiteRestore leaves the live database and its WAL untouched. The
+// validated copy is applied on the next startup, before any database is opened.
+func StageSQLiteRestore(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, source string) error {
+	sqliteRestoreMu.Lock()
+	defer sqliteRestoreMu.Unlock()
+	dbPath, err := sqliteRestorePath(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	pending := dbPath + ".restore-pending"
+	if _, err := os.Lstat(pending); err == nil {
+		return errors.New("已有等待恢复的备份，请重启 MeBox 后再操作")
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateSQLiteRestore(ctx, source); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	in, err := os.Open(source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer in.Close()
+	out, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(dbPath), ".mebox-restore-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	tmp := out.Name()
+	defer os.Remove(tmp)
+	if _, err := io.Copy(out, in); err != nil {
+		_ = out.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := out.Sync(); err != nil {
+		_ = out.Close()
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := out.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateSQLiteRestore(ctx, tmp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return os.Rename(tmp, pending)
+}
+
+// ApplyPendingSQLiteRestore must run before database.Open and before workers or
+// HTTP listeners start. The previous database is retained alongside the file.
+func ApplyPendingSQLiteRestore(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, log *zap.Logger) error {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	dialect := normalizeDatabaseType(cfg.Database.Type)
+	if dialect == "auto" {
+		dialect = effectiveAutoDatabaseType(cfg)
+	}
+	if dialect != "sqlite" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sqliteRestoreMu.Lock()
+	defer sqliteRestoreMu.Unlock()
+	dbPath, err := sqliteRestorePath(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	pending := dbPath + ".restore-pending"
+	if _, err := os.Lstat(pending); errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := validateSQLiteRestore(ctx, pending); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	previous := ""
+	if _, err := os.Lstat(dbPath); err == nil {
+		// A clean checkpoint prevents an old WAL from being replayed into the
+		// replacement database. A busy checkpoint leaves all files untouched.
+		live, err := sql.Open("sqlite", sqliteRestoreDSN(dbPath, "rw"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var busy, pages, copied int
+		err = live.QueryRowContext(ctx, "PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)").Scan(&busy, &pages, &copied)
+		closeErr := live.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if closeErr != nil {
+			return closeErr
+		}
+		if busy != 0 {
+			return errors.New("SQLite 数据库仍被占用，恢复已保留等待下次启动")
+		}
+		old, err := os.CreateTemp(filepath.Dir(dbPath), filepath.Base(dbPath)+".before-restore-*")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		previous = old.Name()
+		if err := old.Close(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := os.Remove(previous); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := os.Rename(dbPath, previous); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	} else if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(pending, dbPath); err != nil {
+		if previous != "" {
+			if rollbackErr := os.Rename(previous, dbPath); rollbackErr != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("恢复失败: %w；回退失败: %v，原数据库保留于 %s", err, rollbackErr, previous)
+			}
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+	if log != nil {
+		log.Warn("SQLite backup restored before startup", zap.String("previous_database", previous))
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/database/sqlite_restore_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+)
+
+func TestSQLiteRestoreStagesWithoutChangingLiveDatabase(t *testing.T) {
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Database.Type = "sqlite"
+	cfg.Database.DBPath = filepath.Join(root, "live.db")
+	live, err := sql.Open("sqlite", sqliteRestoreDSN(cfg.Database.DBPath, "rwc"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer live.Close()
+	for _, statement := range []string{
+		"PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL", "CREATE TABLE settings (key TEXT PRIMARY KEY, value TEXT)",
+		"INSERT INTO settings VALUES ('state', 'backup')",
+	} {
+		if _, err := live.Exec(statement); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	source := filepath.Join(root, "backup.db")
+	if _, err := live.Exec("VACUUM INTO ?", source); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, err := live.Exec("UPDATE settings SET value = 'live'"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := StageSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, source); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var value string
+	if err := live.QueryRow("SELECT value FROM settings").Scan(&value); err != nil || value != "live" {
+		t.Fatalf("staging changed live database: value=%q err=%v", value, err)
+	}
+	if _, err := live.Exec("UPDATE settings SET value = 'after-stage'"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("database could not write after staging: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := StageSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, source); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("second staging should not replace the pending restore")
+	}
+	if err := os.Remove(source); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := live.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := ApplyPendingSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	restored, err := sql.Open("sqlite", sqliteRestoreDSN(cfg.Database.DBPath, "ro"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer restored.Close()
+	if err := restored.QueryRow("SELECT value FROM settings").Scan(&value); err != nil || value != "backup" {
+		t.Fatalf("restore failed: value=%q err=%v", value, err)
+	}
+	previous, err := filepath.Glob(cfg.Database.DBPath + ".before-restore-*")
+	if err != nil || len(previous) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("previous database not preserved: files=%v err=%v", previous, err)
+	}
+	old, err := sql.Open("sqlite", sqliteRestoreDSN(previous[0], "ro"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer old.Close()
+	if err := old.QueryRow("SELECT value FROM settings").Scan(&value); err != nil || value != "after-stage" {
+		t.Fatalf("old database lost latest writes: value=%q err=%v", value, err)
+	}
+	if err := ApplyPendingSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("repeat startup: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSQLiteRestoreRejectsCorruptAndSymlinkBackups(t *testing.T) {
+	root := t.TempDir()
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Database.DBPath = filepath.Join(root, "live.db")
+	source := filepath.Join(root, "corrupt.db")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(source, []byte("not a SQLite database"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := StageSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, source); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("corrupt backup accepted")
+	}
+	link := filepath.Join(root, "link.db")
+	if err := os.Symlink(source, link); err == nil {
+		if err := StageSQLiteRestore(t.Context(), cfg, link); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("symlink backup accepted")
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(cfg.Database.DBPath + ".restore-pending"); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("failed validation left pending data: %v", err)
+	}
+}

internal/database/sqlite_runtime.go

@@ -104,19 +104,18 @@ func (g *sqliteWriteGate) Lock(ctx context.Context) (*sqliteGateHolder, error) {
 	if ctx == nil {
 		ctx = context.Background()
 	}
-	// ctx 取消时唤醒等待者（cond 无法感知 ctx，用旁路 goroutine 广播）。
-	if done := ctx.Done(); done != nil {
-		stop := make(chan struct{})
-		defer close(stop)
-		go func() {
-			select {
-			case <-done:
-				g.cond.Broadcast()
-			case <-stop:
-			}
-		}()
+	// 广播也必须持有同一把锁，否则取消可能落在检查与 Wait 之间而丢失。
+	wake := func() {
+		g.mu.Lock()
+		defer g.mu.Unlock()
+		g.cond.Broadcast()
 	}
+	stopCancel := context.AfterFunc(ctx, wake)
+	defer stopCancel()
 	for {
+		if ctx.Err() != nil {
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
 		if g.owner == nil {
 			holder := &sqliteGateHolder{
 				id:       sqliteGateHolderSeq.Add(1),
@@ -125,16 +124,17 @@ func (g *sqliteWriteGate) Lock(ctx context.Context) (*sqliteGateHolder, error) {
 			g.owner = holder
 			return holder, nil
 		}
-		if ctx.Err() != nil {
-			return nil, ctx.Err()
-		}
-		if time.Since(g.owner.acquired) > sqliteGateHoldLimit {
+		remaining := sqliteGateHoldLimit - time.Since(g.owner.acquired)
+		if remaining <= 0 {
 			// 持有者疑似 panic 泄漏（After 回调未执行）：强制回收。
 			g.owner = nil
 			g.cond.Broadcast()
 			continue
 		}
+		// 无后续写入或取消时，也要在租约到期后主动唤醒等待者。
+		timer := time.AfterFunc(remaining, wake)
 		g.cond.Wait()
+		timer.Stop()
 	}
 }
 

internal/database/sqlite_runtime_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestSQLiteWriteGateRejectsCancelledContext(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
+	cancel()
+	gate := newSQLiteWriteGate()
+	holder, err := gate.Lock(ctx)
+	defer gate.Unlock(holder)
+	if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+		t.Fatalf("Lock error=%v, want context.Canceled", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSQLiteWriteGateWakesForExpiredHolder(t *testing.T) {
+	gate := newSQLiteWriteGate()
+	holder, err := gate.Lock(t.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer gate.Unlock(holder)
+	// Make the lease expire shortly, without waiting a full minute.
+	gate.mu.Lock()
+	holder.acquired = time.Now().Add(-sqliteGateHoldLimit + 20*time.Millisecond)
+	gate.mu.Unlock()
+	done := make(chan *sqliteGateHolder, 1)
+	go func() {
+		next, _ := gate.Lock(t.Context())
+		done <- next
+	}()
+	select {
+	case next := <-done:
+		gate.Unlock(holder) // A stale holder must not unlock its successor.
+		gate.mu.Lock()
+		owner := gate.owner
+		gate.mu.Unlock()
+		gate.Unlock(next)
+		if next == nil || owner != next {
+			t.Fatal("expired holder released the new owner's lock")
+		}
+	case <-time.After(time.Second):
+		gate.Unlock(holder)
+		gate.Unlock(<-done)
+		t.Fatal("waiter was not woken when the holder expired")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSQLiteWriteGateWakesForCancellation(t *testing.T) {
+	gate := newSQLiteWriteGate()
+	holder, err := gate.Lock(t.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer gate.Unlock(holder)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		next, err := gate.Lock(ctx)
+		gate.Unlock(next)
+		done <- err
+	}()
+	cancel()
+	select {
+	case err := <-done:
+		if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			t.Fatalf("Lock error=%v, want context.Canceled", err)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(time.Second):
+		gate.Unlock(holder)
+		<-done
+		t.Fatal("waiter was not woken for cancellation")
+	}
+}

internal/handler/background_tasks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func backgroundTasksHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		if svc == nil || svc.Tasks == nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, service.TaskSnapshot{Active: []service.BackgroundTask{}, Recent: []service.BackgroundTask{}})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, svc.Tasks.Snapshot())
+	}
+}

internal/handler/backup.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package handler
 
 import (
 	"net/http"
+	"path/filepath"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 
@@ -41,12 +42,28 @@ func deleteBackupHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
+func downloadBackupHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		filename := c.Query("filename")
+		path, err := svc.Backup.ResolvePath(filename)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
+		c.FileAttachment(path, filepath.Base(path))
+	}
+}
+
 func restoreBackupHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		if err := svc.Backup.Restore(c.Request.Context(), c.Query("filename")); err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 			return
 		}
-		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "restored — restart the server to apply"})
+		message := "数据库已恢复，请重启 MeBox 以刷新运行时配置"
+		if svc.Repo.DB.Dialector.Name() == "sqlite" {
+			message = "备份已校验并暂存，请重启 MeBox 后应用恢复"
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": message, "restart_required": true})
 	}
 }

internal/handler/cloud115_playback.go

@@ -124,10 +124,32 @@ func cloud115HLSSessionHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "missing media_id"})
 			return
 		}
-		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, mediaID) {
+		if c.Request.Context().Err() != nil {
+			c.AbortWithStatus(499)
 			return
 		}
-		err := svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().ServeChild(
+		actualMediaID, err := svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().SessionMediaID(c.Param("session"), c.Param("key"))
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"code": "hls_session_not_found", "error": "hls session not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		if mediaID != actualMediaID {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "playback session media mismatch"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, actualMediaID) {
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.Repo == nil || svc.Repo.Media == nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		m, findErr := svc.Repo.Media.FindByID(c.Request.Context(), actualMediaID)
+		if findErr != nil || m == nil || !mediaVisibleForRequest(c, svc, m) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().ServeChild(
 			c.Request.Context(),
 			c.Writer,
 			c.Request,

internal/handler/emby_mounts.go

@@ -197,6 +197,32 @@ func deleteEmbyMountHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
+// setEmbyMountsEnabledHandler 一键启用/停用某账号下的全部挂载。
+//
+// 远端整站不可用时（如 Cloudflare 522），管理员可以用它把该账号的挂载
+// 全部从媒体库摘掉，首页立刻只返回本地库；远端恢复后再一键启用。
+func setEmbyMountsEnabledHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		var req struct {
+			Enabled *bool `json:"enabled" binding:"required"`
+		}
+		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.EmbyRemote == nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "emby remote service not available"})
+			return
+		}
+		affected, err := svc.EmbyRemote.SetMountsEnabled(c.Request.Context(), c.Param("id"), *req.Enabled)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": true, "affected": affected})
+	}
+}
+
 type reorderEmbyMountsReq struct {
 	IDs []string `json:"ids" binding:"required"`
 }

internal/handler/emby_mounts_enabled_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/database"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// TestSetEmbyMountsEnabledHandler 覆盖「一键停用/启用某账号下全部挂载」：
+// 只影响目标账号，且配置保留（不是删除）。
+func TestSetEmbyMountsEnabledHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := database.AutoMigrate(db); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	ctx := t.Context()
+
+	m1 := &model.EmbyMount{AccountID: "acct-1", RemoteViewID: "view-1", Enabled: true}
+	m2 := &model.EmbyMount{AccountID: "acct-1", RemoteViewID: "view-2", Enabled: true}
+	other := &model.EmbyMount{AccountID: "acct-2", RemoteViewID: "view-3", Enabled: true}
+	for _, m := range []*model.EmbyMount{m1, m2, other} {
+		if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(ctx, m); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("create mount: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	svc := &service.Container{
+		Repo:       repos,
+		EmbyRemote: service.NewEmbyRemoteService(nil, zap.NewNop(), repos, nil),
+	}
+	router := gin.New()
+	router.PUT("/admin/emby/accounts/:id/mounts/enabled", setEmbyMountsEnabledHandler(svc))
+
+	call := func(body map[string]any) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+		raw, _ := json.Marshal(body)
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPut, "/admin/emby/accounts/acct-1/mounts/enabled", bytes.NewReader(raw))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		return w
+	}
+
+	w := call(map[string]any{"enabled": false})
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var resp struct {
+		OK       bool  `json:"ok"`
+		Affected int64 `json:"affected"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &resp); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !resp.OK || resp.Affected != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected ok with affected=2, got %+v", resp)
+	}
+
+	rows, err := repos.EmbyMount.List(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		want := row.AccountID != "acct-1" // 目标账号停用，其他账号不受影响
+		if row.Enabled != want {
+			t.Fatalf("mount %s enabled=%v, want %v", row.ID, row.Enabled, want)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 重新启用：挂载记录仍在，只是开关回 true。
+	w = call(map[string]any{"enabled": true})
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 200, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	rows, err = repos.EmbyMount.List(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(rows) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected mounts to be preserved, got %d rows", len(rows))
+	}
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		if !row.Enabled {
+			t.Fatalf("mount %s should be enabled again", row.ID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 缺少 enabled 字段必须拒绝，避免误把全部挂载停掉。
+	if w := call(map[string]any{}); w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 400 for missing enabled, got %d: %s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+}

internal/handler/emby_playback.go

@@ -418,7 +418,11 @@ func embyVideoHLSPlaylistHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), scope)
 		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrTranscodeDisabled) {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "transcode disabled"})
 			return
@@ -444,7 +448,11 @@ func embyVideoHLSSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 			return
 		}
-		if err := svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg")); err != nil {
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		if err := svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"), scope); err != nil {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 		}
 	}

internal/handler/handler.go

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ func Register(r *gin.Engine, cfg *config.Config, log *zap.Logger, svc *service.C
 
 		registerPublicAuthRoutes(api, svc, log)
 
+		registerMobileRoutes(api, svc, log)
+
 		registerAuthenticatedRoutes(api, cfg, svc)
 
 		registerAdminRoutes(api, cfg, svc)

internal/handler/hls_session_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func TestStopHLSChecksMediaVisibility(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc, secret := newPlaybackScopeTestRouter(t)
+	svc.Transcoder = service.NewTranscoderService(svc.Cfg, zap.NewNop(), svc.Repo, nil)
+	router.DELETE("/api/hls/:id", middleware.AuthRequired(secret), stopTranscodeHandler(svc))
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodDelete, "/api/hls/nonexistent?session_id=player-a", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+signedTestToken(t, secret))
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("stop of a nonexistent/invisible media: status=%d body=%s, want 404", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+	profile := &model.PlayProfile{UserID: "user-1", Name: "restricted", IsDefault: true, AllowedLibraryIDs: `["other-library"]`}
+	if err := svc.Repo.DB.Create(profile).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	req = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodDelete, "/api/hls/media-1?session_id=player-a", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+signedTestToken(t, secret))
+	rec = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("invisible existing media can be stopped: %d %s", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media.go

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ package handler
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"math"
 	"net/http"
+	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -40,6 +42,11 @@ type webLibraryPayload struct {
 	Cards        []service.SeriesCardView `json:"cards,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// remoteLibraryPreviewBudget 限制 /api/libraries?with_preview=1 里远程 Emby
+// 库预览（总条数 + 最新卡片）的总耗时。这些预览只用于首页卡片，值得为它
+// 排队等待的量很小；此前它跟随请求上下文，上游超时会让整页等 15 秒以上。
+var remoteLibraryPreviewBudget = 3 * time.Second
+
 // remoteLibraryItemTypes 远程库内容拉取时按 CollectionType 过滤直属条目，
 // 避免电影库里的合集文件夹(Folder) 漏出为电影卡片。
 func remoteLibraryItemTypes(collectionType string) string {
@@ -176,6 +183,12 @@ func listLibrariesHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 					remotePayloads[i] = webLibraryPayload{Library: v.Library, IsRemoteEmby: true, RemoteSource: v.AccountName}
 				}
 				if withPreview && len(allowedViews) > 0 {
+					// 远程库预览只是首页卡片上的「最新几条」，绝不能拖住整个
+					// 库列表：上游 Emby 一旦超时，每个远程库都要等满
+					// embyRemoteHTTPTimeout（15s），串起来就是 17–30 秒。
+					// 给整段预览一个总预算，超时就只返回库名，卡片留给下一次刷新。
+					previewCtx, cancelPreview := context.WithTimeout(ctx, remoteLibraryPreviewBudget)
+					defer cancelPreview()
 					const maxRemotePreviewWorkers = 6
 					sem := make(chan struct{}, maxRemotePreviewWorkers)
 					var wg sync.WaitGroup
@@ -187,11 +200,11 @@ func listLibrariesHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 							select {
 							case sem <- struct{}{}:
 								defer func() { <-sem }()
-							case <-ctx.Done():
+							case <-previewCtx.Done():
 								return
 							}
 							helper.Run(svc.Log, "media.remotePreview", func() {
-								acct := svc.EmbyRemote.AccountByID(ctx, v.AccountID)
+								acct := svc.EmbyRemote.AccountByID(previewCtx, v.AccountID)
 								if acct == nil {
 									return
 								}
@@ -203,10 +216,10 @@ func listLibrariesHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 									Name:           v.Library.Name,
 								}
 								itemTypes := remoteLibraryItemTypes(v.CollectionType)
-								if _, total, err := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteLibraryMedia(ctx, tmpMount, acct, v.RemoteID, itemTypes, 0, 1); err == nil {
+								if _, total, err := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteLibraryMedia(previewCtx, tmpMount, acct, v.RemoteID, itemTypes, 0, 1); err == nil {
 									remotePayloads[i].Total = total
 								}
-								if cards, err := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteLatestCards(ctx, tmpMount, acct, v.RemoteID, limit); err == nil {
+								if cards, err := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteLatestCards(previewCtx, tmpMount, acct, v.RemoteID, limit); err == nil {
 									remotePayloads[i].Cards = service.NewSeriesCardViews(cards)
 								}
 							})
@@ -556,19 +569,17 @@ func listMediaHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			})
 			return
 		}
-		grouped, err := svc.Media.GroupedMediaVisibleFiltered(ctx, id, mediaVisibilityForRequest(c, svc), filters)
+		items, total, err := svc.Media.ListMediaVisibleSortedPage(ctx, id, page, size, mediaVisibilityForRequest(c, svc), filters, sortSpec, history)
 		if err != nil {
 			writeInternalOrCanceled(c, err)
 			return
 		}
-		grouped = service.SortMediaItems(grouped, sortSpec.Field, sortSpec.Order, history)
-		items := service.PaginateMediaItems(grouped, page, size)
 		if items == nil {
 			items = []service.MediaItem{}
 		}
 		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
 			"items":     items,
-			"total":     len(grouped),
+			"total":     total,
 			"page":      page,
 			"page_size": size,
 		})
@@ -656,6 +667,9 @@ func paginateSlice[T any](items []T, page, size int) []T {
 	if len(items) == 0 {
 		return []T{}
 	}
+	if page-1 > len(items)/size {
+		return []T{}
+	}
 	start := (page - 1) * size
 	if start >= len(items) {
 		return []T{}
@@ -670,127 +684,257 @@ func paginateSlice[T any](items []T, page, size int) []T {
 func searchMediaHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		ctx := c.Request.Context()
-		q := c.Query("q")
+		query := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("q"))
 		visibility := mediaVisibilityForRequest(c, svc)
-		groupVersions := c.DefaultQuery("group_versions", "1") != "0"
-
-		fetchRemote := func(limit int) []model.Media {
-			if svc.EmbyRemote == nil || strings.TrimSpace(q) == "" {
-				return nil
-			}
-			remoteItems, _ := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteSearchMedia(ctx, q, limit, visibility)
-			return remoteItems
+		filter := service.MediaSearchFilter{
+			LibraryID: strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("library_id")),
+			YearMin:   boundedSearchYear(c.Query("year_min")),
+			YearMax:   boundedSearchYear(c.Query("year_max")),
 		}
-
-		if c.DefaultQuery("group_series", "0") != "0" {
-			localItems, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisible(ctx, q, 50000, visibility)
-			if err != nil {
-				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-				return
+		for _, genre := range c.QueryArray("genre") {
+			if genre = strings.TrimSpace(genre); genre != "" && len(filter.Genres) < 8 {
+				filter.Genres = append(filter.Genres, genre)
 			}
-			remoteItems := fetchRemote(50000)
-			all := service.GroupMediaSeriesItems(append(localItems, remoteItems...))
-
-			if c.Query("page") != "" || c.Query("page_size") != "" {
-				page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
-				size, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page_size", "50"))
-				paged := paginateSlice(all, page, size)
-				c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
-					"items":     paged,
-					"total":     len(all),
-					"page":      page,
-					"page_size": size,
-				})
-				return
-			}
-
-			limit, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("limit", "50"))
-			if limit <= 0 {
-				limit = 50
-			}
-			if len(all) > limit {
-				all = all[:limit]
-			}
-			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"items": all})
-			return
 		}
-
-		if c.Query("page") != "" || c.Query("page_size") != "" {
-			page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
-			size, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page_size", "50"))
-			if !groupVersions {
-				localItems, _, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisiblePage(ctx, q, 1, 50000, visibility)
-				if err != nil {
-					c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-					return
-				}
-				remoteItems := fetchRemote(size * 2)
-				all := append(localItems, remoteItems...)
-				paged := paginateSlice(all, page, size)
-				c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
-					"items":     paged,
-					"total":     len(all),
-					"page":      page,
-					"page_size": size,
-				})
-				return
-			}
-			localItems, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisible(ctx, q, 50000, visibility)
-			if err != nil {
-				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-				return
-			}
-			remoteItems := fetchRemote(size * 2)
-			all := append(localItems, remoteItems...)
-			grouped := service.GroupMediaVersions(all)
-			paged := service.PaginateMediaItems(grouped, page, size)
-			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
-				"items":     paged,
-				"total":     len(grouped),
-				"page":      page,
-				"page_size": size,
-			})
-			return
+		if filter.YearMin > 0 && filter.YearMax > 0 && filter.YearMin > filter.YearMax {
+			filter.YearMin, filter.YearMax = filter.YearMax, filter.YearMin
+		}
+		page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
+		if page < 1 {
+			page = 1
+		}
+		size, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page_size", "50"))
+		if size < 1 {
+			size = 50
+		} else if size > 2000 {
+			size = 2000
 		}
-
 		limit, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("limit", "50"))
-		if limit <= 0 {
+		if limit < 1 {
 			limit = 50
+		} else if limit > 50000 {
+			limit = 50000
 		}
-		if !groupVersions {
-			localItems, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisible(ctx, q, limit, visibility)
-			if err != nil {
-				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-				return
-			}
-			remoteItems := fetchRemote(limit)
-			all := append(localItems, remoteItems...)
-			if len(all) > limit {
-				all = all[:limit]
-			}
-			if all == nil {
-				all = []model.Media{}
-			}
-			c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"items": all})
-			return
-		}
-
-		localItems, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisible(ctx, q, 50000, visibility)
+		paginated := c.Query("page") != "" || c.Query("page_size") != ""
+		sortBy := normalizeMediaSearchSort(c.Query("sort"))
+		// 远程搜索与本地查询并行发起：本地结果不再排在远程超时之后才返回。
+		remoteCh := startRemoteMediaSearch(ctx, svc, query, visibility, filter)
+		// Sorting and grouping must operate on the same candidate set before
+		// either a page size or the caller's output limit is applied.
+		items, err := svc.Media.SearchMediaVisibleFiltered(ctx, query, 50000, visibility, filter)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 			return
 		}
-		remoteItems := fetchRemote(limit)
-		all := append(localItems, remoteItems...)
-		grouped := service.GroupMediaVersions(all)
-		items := service.FirstMediaItems(grouped, limit)
-		if items == nil {
-			items = []service.MediaItem{}
+		if remoteCh != nil {
+			for _, item := range <-remoteCh {
+				items = append(items, item)
+			}
 		}
-		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"items": items})
+		if c.DefaultQuery("group_series", "0") != "0" {
+			items = service.GroupMediaSeriesItems(items)
+			sortSearchMedia(items, sortBy)
+			writeMediaSearchResults(c, items, page, size, limit, paginated)
+			return
+		}
+		if c.DefaultQuery("group_versions", "1") != "0" {
+			grouped := service.GroupMediaVersions(items)
+			if sortBy != "" {
+				sort.SliceStable(grouped, func(i, j int) bool {
+					return mediaSearchSortLess(grouped[i].Media, grouped[j].Media, sortBy)
+				})
+			}
+			writeMediaSearchResults(c, grouped, page, size, limit, paginated)
+			return
+		}
+		sortSearchMedia(items, sortBy)
+		writeMediaSearchResults(c, items, page, size, limit, paginated)
 	}
 }
 
+const (
+	// remoteSearchItemLimit 是每个远程 Emby 挂载点返回的条目上限。此前这里传
+	// 50000（等于让上游做一次全库查询），上游稍慢就会一路跑到 5 秒超时，把每次
+	// 搜索都拖成秒级；搜索场景只需要少量候选，多出来的结果也会被分页丢掉。
+	remoteSearchItemLimit = 100
+	// remoteSearchBudget 限制远程结果最多给一次请求增加多少延迟。
+	remoteSearchBudget = 2 * time.Second
+	// remoteSearchCacheTTL 让同一关键词的翻页与重复搜索复用远程结果，避免每翻
+	// 一页都重新打一遍远程挂载点。
+	remoteSearchCacheTTL = 30 * time.Second
+	// remoteSearchFailureCacheTTL 用于上游超时/失败时的短缓存：部分结果只保留
+	// 几秒，避免反复吃满 remoteSearchBudget，又不至于长期压住后续重试。
+	remoteSearchFailureCacheTTL = 5 * time.Second
+)
+
+// startRemoteMediaSearch 并发发起远程搜索，返回一个只投递一次结果的通道。
+// 不满足远程搜索条件时返回 nil。通道带缓冲，调用方即使提前返回也不会泄漏
+// goroutine；请求结束时请求上下文被取消，远程调用会随之退出。
+func startRemoteMediaSearch(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	svc *service.Container,
+	query string,
+	visibility service.MediaVisibility,
+	filter service.MediaSearchFilter,
+) <-chan []model.Media {
+	if svc == nil || svc.EmbyRemote == nil || query == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if filter.LibraryID != "" && !service.IsEmbyRemoteID(filter.LibraryID) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	results := make(chan []model.Media, 1)
+	go func() {
+		results <- remoteMediaSearchItems(ctx, svc, query, visibility, filter)
+	}()
+	return results
+}
+
+func remoteMediaSearchItems(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	svc *service.Container,
+	query string,
+	visibility service.MediaVisibility,
+	filter service.MediaSearchFilter,
+) []model.Media {
+	cacheKey := remoteSearchCacheKey(query, visibility)
+	if svc.Cache != nil {
+		if cached, ok := svc.Cache.GetObject(cacheKey); ok {
+			if rows, ok := cached.([]model.Media); ok {
+				return filterRemoteSearchItems(rows, filter)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	searchCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, remoteSearchBudget)
+	defer cancel()
+	remote, _ := svc.EmbyRemote.RemoteSearchMedia(searchCtx, query, remoteSearchItemLimit, visibility)
+	if svc.Cache != nil {
+		// 空结果也要缓存：否则查不到片名时每次都会重新等到 remoteSearchBudget。
+		if remote == nil {
+			remote = []model.Media{}
+		}
+		ttl := remoteSearchCacheTTL
+		if searchCtx.Err() != nil {
+			ttl = remoteSearchFailureCacheTTL
+		}
+		svc.Cache.SetObject(cacheKey, remote, ttl)
+	}
+	return filterRemoteSearchItems(remote, filter)
+}
+
+func filterRemoteSearchItems(remote []model.Media, filter service.MediaSearchFilter) []model.Media {
+	if len(remote) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make([]model.Media, 0, len(remote))
+	for _, item := range remote {
+		if remoteSearchMatchesFilter(item, filter) {
+			out = append(out, item)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// remoteSearchCacheKey 按可见范围隔离远程搜索结果，避免把某个用户可见挂载
+// 点的结果复用给可见范围不同的用户。
+func remoteSearchCacheKey(query string, visibility service.MediaVisibility) string {
+	allowed := append([]string(nil), visibility.AllowedLibraryIDs...)
+	hidden := append([]string(nil), visibility.HiddenLibraryIDs...)
+	sort.Strings(allowed)
+	sort.Strings(hidden)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("media:obj:remote-search:%t|%s|%s|%s",
+		visibility.IncludeNSFW, strings.Join(allowed, ","), strings.Join(hidden, ","), query)
+}
+
+func writeMediaSearchResults[T any](c *gin.Context, items []T, page, size, limit int, paginated bool) {
+	if items == nil {
+		items = []T{}
+	}
+	if paginated {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+			"items": paginateSlice(items, page, size),
+			"total": len(items), "page": page, "page_size": size,
+		})
+		return
+	}
+	if len(items) > limit {
+		items = items[:limit]
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"items": items})
+}
+
+func remoteSearchMatchesFilter(item model.Media, filter service.MediaSearchFilter) bool {
+	if filter.LibraryID != "" && item.LibraryID != filter.LibraryID && item.DisplayLibraryID != filter.LibraryID {
+		return false
+	}
+	if filter.YearMin > 0 && item.Year < filter.YearMin || filter.YearMax > 0 && item.Year > filter.YearMax {
+		return false
+	}
+	if len(filter.Genres) == 0 {
+		return true
+	}
+	normalize := func(value string) string {
+		return strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(strings.TrimSpace(value), " ", ""))
+	}
+	for _, genre := range strings.Split(strings.ReplaceAll(item.Genres, "，", ","), ",") {
+		for _, wanted := range filter.Genres {
+			if normalize(genre) == normalize(wanted) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func normalizeMediaSearchSort(value string) string {
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+	switch value {
+	case "title_asc", "year_desc", "rating_desc":
+		return value
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}
+
+func sortSearchMedia(items []model.Media, sortBy string) {
+	if sortBy == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	sort.SliceStable(items, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return mediaSearchSortLess(items[i], items[j], sortBy)
+	})
+}
+
+func mediaSearchSortLess(a, b model.Media, sortBy string) bool {
+	switch sortBy {
+	case "title_asc":
+		left, right := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(a.Title)), strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(b.Title))
+		if left != right {
+			return left < right
+		}
+	case "year_desc":
+		if a.Year != b.Year {
+			return a.Year > b.Year
+		}
+	case "rating_desc":
+		if a.Rating != b.Rating {
+			return a.Rating > b.Rating
+		}
+	}
+	if !a.CreatedAt.Equal(b.CreatedAt) {
+		return a.CreatedAt.After(b.CreatedAt)
+	}
+	return a.ID < b.ID
+}
+
+func boundedSearchYear(value string) int {
+	year, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(value))
+	if err != nil || year < 1870 || year > 2200 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return year
+}
+
 func streamHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		ctx := c.Request.Context()
@@ -810,6 +954,20 @@ func streamHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 				c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "not found"})
 				return
 			}
+			// 远程条目可能是「整部剧/季/目录」：这类条目自身没有媒体源，远程 Emby 对它
+			// 们的 /Videos/{id}/stream 会直接回 500（Unable to cast object of type
+			// 'Series' to type 'IHasMediaSources'）。网页端、外部播放器、第三方客户端都
+			// 可能把这种 ID 送进来，这里统一改投第一集：302 让客户端自己跟过去，播放器
+			// 原有的 token / proxy 查询参数一并保留。
+			if playable := svc.EmbyRemote.PlayableRemoteID(ctx, acct, remoteID); playable != "" && playable != remoteID {
+				target := "/api/stream/" + service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID(mountID, playable)
+				if rawQuery := c.Request.URL.RawQuery; rawQuery != "" {
+					target += "?" + rawQuery
+				}
+				setRedirectNoStoreHeaders(c)
+				c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, target)
+				return
+			}
 			// 远程 Emby 条目的同源转发：VR 全景需要浏览器读帧（见 stream_proxy.go），
 			// 与挂载账号的 proxy_play 开关等价。
 			if mount.ProxyPlay || wantSameOriginProxy(c) {

internal/handler/media_libraries_preview_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// TestListLibrariesRemotePreviewIsBounded 锁定远程库预览的总预算：
+// 上游 Emby 卡住时，/api/libraries?with_preview=1 必须按时返回远程库条目
+// （只是没有卡片），而不是跟着上游一起等十几秒。线上实测这个接口因此出现过
+// 17.4 秒、30 秒（前端放弃）的响应，设置页也跟着整页空转。
+func TestListLibrariesRemotePreviewIsBounded(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	oldBudget := remoteLibraryPreviewBudget
+	remoteLibraryPreviewBudget = 200 * time.Millisecond
+	t.Cleanup(func() { remoteLibraryPreviewBudget = oldBudget })
+
+	// Views / 用户列表正常返回，Preview（Items 查询）永远不返回：模拟上游半挂。
+	release := make(chan struct{})
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		path := r.URL.Path
+		switch {
+		case strings.HasSuffix(path, "/Views"):
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"Items": []map[string]any{{
+					"Id": "view-1", "Name": "远程动画", "CollectionType": "tvshows",
+				}},
+			})
+			return
+		case strings.HasSuffix(path, "/Users"):
+			// api_key 账号要先解析出远程用户 Id，否则请求路径会落到兜底 "0"。
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode([]map[string]any{{"Id": "uid-1", "Name": "admin"}})
+			return
+		case r.Method == http.MethodPost:
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"AccessToken": "fake-token",
+				"User":        map[string]any{"Id": "uid-1"},
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-release:
+		case <-r.Context().Done():
+		case <-time.After(30 * time.Second):
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusGatewayTimeout)
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+	defer close(release)
+
+	// 唯一库名 + cache=shared：预览协程会并发读库（账号解析）。
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("file:%s?mode=memory&cache=shared", strings.ReplaceAll(t.Name(), "/", "_"))
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&model.Library{}, &model.Media{}, &model.StrmAccount{}, &model.EmbyMount{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.User{}, &model.PlayProfile{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	if err := db.Create(&model.User{Base: model.Base{ID: "admin-1"}, Username: "admin", Role: "admin"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rawConfig, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"url": upstream.URL, "token": "fake-token"})
+	acct := model.StrmAccount{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "acct-1"}, Name: "远程Emby", Provider: model.StrmProviderEmbyRemote,
+		Config: string(rawConfig), Enabled: true,
+	}
+	if err := repos.StrmAccount.Create(t.Context(), &acct); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	mount := model.EmbyMount{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "mount-1"}, AccountID: acct.ID, RemoteViewID: "view-1",
+		RemoteViewName: "远程动画", CollectionType: "tvshows", Enabled: true,
+	}
+	if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(t.Context(), &mount); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	svc := &service.Container{
+		Repo:       repos,
+		Media:      service.NewMediaService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos),
+		EmbyRemote: service.NewEmbyRemoteService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos, service.NewCryptoService("", zap.NewNop())),
+		Cache:      service.NewRuntimeCacheService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop()),
+	}
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+	c.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, "admin-1")
+	c.Set(middleware.CtxUserRole, "admin")
+	c.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/libraries?with_preview=1&include_hidden=1", nil)
+
+	start := time.Now()
+	listLibrariesHandler(svc)(c)
+	elapsed := time.Since(start)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("status=%d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if elapsed > 2*time.Second {
+		t.Fatalf("request took %v with a hung upstream; the preview budget must bound it", elapsed)
+	}
+	var payload []webLibraryPayload
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &payload); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v (%s)", err, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var remote *webLibraryPayload
+	for i := range payload {
+		if payload[i].IsRemoteEmby {
+			remote = &payload[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if remote == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("remote library missing from the bounded response: %#v", payload)
+	}
+	if len(remote.Cards) != 0 || remote.Total != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected the preview to be skipped on timeout, got total=%d cards=%d", remote.Total, len(remote.Cards))
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media_quality.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func mediaQualityHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
+		pageSize, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page_size", "50"))
+		if page < 1 {
+			page = 1
+		} else if page > 1000000 {
+			page = 1000000
+		}
+		if pageSize < 1 {
+			pageSize = 50
+		} else if pageSize > 100 {
+			pageSize = 100
+		}
+		issue := c.DefaultQuery("issue", "unmatched")
+		if issue != "unmatched" && issue != "poster" && issue != "missing" {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "未知检查分类"})
+			return
+		}
+		items, total, err := svc.Media.QualityIssues(c.Request.Context(), issue, page, pageSize)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"items": items, "total": total, "page": page, "page_size": pageSize})
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media_search_filters_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func TestSearchMediaSortLimitFiltersAndDeepPagination(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sqlDB, _ := db.DB()
+	defer sqlDB.Close()
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&model.Library{}, &model.Media{}, &model.User{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.PlayProfile{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	lib := model.Library{Name: "Review", Path: "/review", Type: "movie", Enabled: true}
+	if err := repos.Library.Create(t.Context(), &lib); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rows := make([]model.Media, 2001)
+	for i := range rows {
+		rows[i] = model.Media{
+			Base: model.Base{ID: fmt.Sprintf("review-%04d", i)}, LibraryID: lib.ID,
+			Title: fmt.Sprintf("Review %04d", i), Path: fmt.Sprintf("/review/%04d.mp4", i), Year: 2020, Genres: "Comedy",
+		}
+	}
+	rows[2000].Year = 2025
+	rows[2000].Genres = "Drama"
+	if err := db.CreateInBatches(rows, 100).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	svc := &service.Container{Repo: repos, Media: service.NewMediaService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos)}
+	cases := []struct {
+		name, query, expectedID  string
+		count, total, page, size int
+	}{
+		{name: "sorted output limit", query: "sort=year_desc&limit=1", expectedID: "review-2000", count: 1},
+		{name: "page past old 2000 cap", query: "sort=title_asc&page=2001&page_size=1", expectedID: "review-2000", count: 1, total: 2001, page: 2001, size: 1},
+		{name: "genre filtering", query: "genre=Drama&library_id=" + lib.ID, expectedID: "review-2000", count: 1},
+		{name: "normalized page", query: "page=0&page_size=0", count: 50, total: 2001, page: 1, size: 50},
+		{name: "bounded page size", query: "page=1&page_size=99999", count: 2000, total: 2001, page: 1, size: 2000},
+		{name: "huge page does not overflow", query: "page=" + strconv.Itoa(int(^uint(0)>>1)) + "&page_size=2000", count: 0, total: 2001, page: int(^uint(0) >> 1), size: 2000},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			ctx, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+			ctx.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, "admin")
+			ctx.Set(middleware.CtxUserRole, "admin")
+			ctx.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/media?q=Review&group_versions=0&"+tc.query, nil)
+			searchMediaHandler(svc)(ctx)
+			var response struct {
+				Items []model.Media `json:"items"`
+				Total int           `json:"total"`
+				Page  int           `json:"page"`
+				Size  int           `json:"page_size"`
+			}
+			if w.Code != http.StatusOK || json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &response) != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("search failed: status=%d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+			}
+			if len(response.Items) != tc.count || response.Total != tc.total || response.Page != tc.page || response.Size != tc.size {
+				t.Fatalf("response count=%d total=%d page=%d size=%d, want %#v", len(response.Items), response.Total, response.Page, response.Size, tc)
+			}
+			if tc.expectedID != "" && response.Items[0].ID != tc.expectedID {
+				t.Fatalf("first ID=%q want %q", response.Items[0].ID, tc.expectedID)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media_search_remote_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// TestSearchMediaRemoteSearchBoundedAndCached 防止远程搜索再次退化：
+// 1. 每个挂载点的 Limit 必须是 remoteSearchItemLimit，而不是历史全库查询的 50000；
+// 2. 同一关键词的重复搜索应命中缓存，不再打上游；
+// 3. 指定本地媒体库时不应枚举远程挂载点。
+func TestSearchMediaRemoteSearchBoundedAndCached(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	var mu sync.Mutex
+	searchCalls := 0
+	searchLimits := make([]string, 0, 4)
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if term := r.URL.Query().Get("SearchTerm"); term != "" {
+			mu.Lock()
+			searchCalls++
+			searchLimits = append(searchLimits, r.URL.Query().Get("Limit"))
+			mu.Unlock()
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"TotalRecordCount": 1,
+			"Items": []map[string]any{{
+				"Id":             "remote-1",
+				"Name":           "远方剧集",
+				"Type":           "Series",
+				"ProductionYear": 2024,
+			}},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+
+	// 唯一库名 + cache=shared：远程搜索与本地查询会并发读库，
+	// 而 :memory: 下每个连接各自一个空库，并发连接会读到「no such table」。
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("file:%s?mode=memory&cache=shared", strings.ReplaceAll(t.Name(), "/", "_"))
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&model.Library{}, &model.Media{}, &model.StrmAccount{}, &model.EmbyMount{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.User{}, &model.PlayProfile{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	if err := repos.DB.Create(&model.User{Base: model.Base{ID: "user-1"}, Username: "admin", Role: "admin"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	lib := model.Library{Name: "本地电影", Path: "/media/movies", Type: "movie", Enabled: true}
+	if err := repos.Library.Create(t.Context(), &lib); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "local-1"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "流浪地球", Path: "/media/movies/流浪地球.mkv",
+	}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rawConfig, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"url": upstream.URL, "token": "fake-token"})
+	acct := model.StrmAccount{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "acct"}, Name: "远程Emby", Provider: model.StrmProviderEmbyRemote,
+		Config: string(rawConfig), Enabled: true,
+	}
+	if err := repos.StrmAccount.Create(t.Context(), &acct); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	mount := model.EmbyMount{
+		Base: model.Base{ID: "mount-1"}, AccountID: acct.ID, RemoteViewID: "view-1",
+		RemoteViewName: "远程剧集", CollectionType: "tvshows", Enabled: true,
+	}
+	if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(t.Context(), &mount); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	svc := &service.Container{
+		Repo:       repos,
+		Media:      service.NewMediaService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos),
+		EmbyRemote: service.NewEmbyRemoteService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos, service.NewCryptoService("", zap.NewNop())),
+		Cache:      service.NewRuntimeCacheService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop()),
+	}
+
+	search := func(params string) []service.MediaItem {
+		t.Helper()
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, "user-1")
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserRole, "admin")
+		c.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/media?"+params, nil)
+		searchMediaHandler(svc)(c)
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("search status=%d, body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+		var response struct {
+			Items []service.MediaItem `json:"items"`
+		}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return response.Items
+	}
+	callCount := func() int {
+		mu.Lock()
+		defer mu.Unlock()
+		return searchCalls
+	}
+
+	if items := search("q=远方&page=1&page_size=48"); len(items) != 1 || items[0].Title != "远方剧集" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected remote result, got %#v", items)
+	}
+	if calls := callCount(); calls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly one upstream search, got %d", calls)
+	}
+	mu.Lock()
+	limit := searchLimits[0]
+	mu.Unlock()
+	if limit != "100" {
+		t.Fatalf("remote search Limit=%q, want bounded 100 (50000 means a full-library query)", limit)
+	}
+
+	// 同一关键词再来一次（例如刷新/重复搜索）应复用缓存，不再请求上游。
+	if items := search("q=远方&page=1&page_size=48"); len(items) != 1 || items[0].Title != "远方剧集" {
+		t.Fatalf("cached search lost the remote result: %#v", items)
+	}
+	if calls := callCount(); calls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected cached remote search to skip upstream, got %d calls", calls)
+	}
+
+	// 指定本地媒体库时不应枚举远程挂载点。
+	if items := search("q=流浪&page=1&page_size=48&library_id=" + lib.ID); len(items) != 1 || items[0].ID != "local-1" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected local-only result, got %#v", items)
+	}
+	if calls := callCount(); calls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("local library filter must not hit upstream, got %d calls", calls)
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media_search_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func TestSearchMediaSeriesKeepsRemoteLibrariesSeparate(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"TotalRecordCount": 1,
+			"Items": []map[string]any{{
+				"Id": "same-series", "Name": "龙珠改", "Type": "Series",
+				"ProviderIds":    map[string]string{"Tmdb": "61709"},
+				"ProductionYear": 2024, "Genres": []string{"Science Fiction"},
+			}},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+
+	// 唯一库名 + cache=shared：远程搜索与本地查询会并发读库，
+	// 而 :memory: 下每个连接各自一个空库，并发连接会读到「no such table」。
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("file:%s?mode=memory&cache=shared", strings.ReplaceAll(t.Name(), "/", "_"))
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&model.Library{}, &model.Media{}, &model.StrmAccount{}, &model.EmbyMount{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.User{}, &model.PlayProfile{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	lib := model.Library{Name: "本地番剧", Path: "/media/anime", Type: "anime", Enabled: true}
+	if err := repos.Library.Create(t.Context(), &lib); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rows := []model.Media{
+		{Base: model.Base{ID: "local-1"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "龙珠改", Path: "/media/anime/龙珠改/Season 1/ep1.mkv", SeasonNum: 1, EpisodeNum: 1, TMDbID: 61709},
+		{Base: model.Base{ID: "local-2"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "龙珠改", Path: "/media/anime/龙珠改/Season 1/ep2.mkv", SeasonNum: 1, EpisodeNum: 2, TMDbID: 61709},
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&rows).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rawConfig, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"url": upstream.URL, "token": "fake-token"})
+	acct := model.StrmAccount{Base: model.Base{ID: "account"}, Name: "Emby", Provider: model.StrmProviderEmbyRemote, Config: string(rawConfig), Enabled: true}
+	if err := repos.StrmAccount.Create(t.Context(), &acct); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	expectedIDs := map[string]string{lib.ID: "local-1"}
+	for _, suffix := range []string{"a", "b"} {
+		mount := model.EmbyMount{Base: model.Base{ID: "mount-" + suffix}, AccountID: acct.ID, RemoteViewID: "view-" + suffix, RemoteViewName: "番剧" + suffix, CollectionType: "tvshows", Enabled: true}
+		if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(t.Context(), &mount); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		expectedIDs[service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID(mount.ID, mount.RemoteViewID)] = service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID(mount.ID, "same-series")
+	}
+	svc := &service.Container{
+		Repo:       repos,
+		Media:      service.NewMediaService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos),
+		EmbyRemote: service.NewEmbyRemoteService(&config.Config{}, zap.NewNop(), repos, service.NewCryptoService("", zap.NewNop())),
+	}
+
+	request := func(params string) ([]model.Media, int) {
+		t.Helper()
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, "admin")
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserRole, "admin")
+		c.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/media?q=龙珠改&group_series=1&"+params, nil)
+		searchMediaHandler(svc)(c)
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("search status=%d, body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+		var response struct {
+			Items []model.Media `json:"items"`
+			Total int           `json:"total"`
+		}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return response.Items, response.Total
+	}
+
+	items, _ := request("limit=8")
+	if len(items) != len(expectedIDs) {
+		t.Fatalf("got %d results, want one local series and two remote series: %#v", len(items), items)
+	}
+	seen := make(map[string]bool)
+	for page := 1; page <= len(expectedIDs); page++ {
+		items, total := request(fmt.Sprintf("page=%d&page_size=1", page))
+		if total != len(expectedIDs) || len(items) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("page %d: total=%d items=%#v, want total=3 and one item", page, total, items)
+		}
+		item := items[0]
+		if expectedIDs[item.DisplayLibraryID] != item.ID || seen[item.DisplayLibraryID] || item.DisplayLibraryName == "" {
+			t.Fatalf("page %d lost or repeated a library's series identity: %#v", page, item)
+		}
+		seen[item.DisplayLibraryID] = true
+	}
+	remoteLibraryID := service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID("mount-a", "view-a")
+	items, total := request("page=1&page_size=8&library_id=" + url.QueryEscape(remoteLibraryID) + "&year_min=2020&genre=Science+Fiction")
+	if total != 1 || len(items) != 1 || items[0].DisplayLibraryID != remoteLibraryID {
+		t.Fatalf("remote library/year/genre filters lost results: total=%d items=%#v", total, items)
+	}
+}

internal/handler/media_test.go

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestQueueLibraryRootScanImportsNewLibraryMedia(t *testing.T) {
-	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	// The scanner and polling loop use separate connections; :memory: gives
+	// each connection its own empty database.
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "scan.db")+"?_pragma=journal_mode(WAL)&_pragma=busy_timeout(5000)"), &gorm.Config{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -557,7 +559,10 @@ func TestSearchMediaHandlerIncludesEmbyRemote(t *testing.T) {
 	}))
 	defer server.Close()
 
-	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	// 唯一库名 + cache=shared：远程搜索与本地查询会并发读库，
+	// 而 :memory: 下每个连接各自一个空库，并发连接会读到「no such table」。
+	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("file:%s?mode=memory&cache=shared", strings.ReplaceAll(t.Name(), "/", "_"))
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

internal/handler/mobile_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+// Package handler — 移动端 /api/v1 认证端点。
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// mobileUserPayload 是 v1 返回的用户摘要。这里显式挑选字段，避免把仅服务端
+// 使用的偏好和内部状态带进新契约。
+type mobileUserPayload struct {
+	ID                 string     `json:"id"`
+	Username           string     `json:"username"`
+	Nickname           string     `json:"nickname,omitempty"`
+	Role               string     `json:"role"`
+	Tier               string     `json:"tier"`
+	IsActive           bool       `json:"is_active"`
+	ForcePasswordReset bool       `json:"force_password_reset"`
+	ExpiresAt          *time.Time `json:"expires_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func toMobileUserPayload(u *model.User) *mobileUserPayload {
+	if u == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &mobileUserPayload{
+		ID:                 u.ID,
+		Username:           u.Username,
+		Nickname:           u.Nickname,
+		Role:               u.Role,
+		Tier:               u.Tier,
+		IsActive:           u.IsActive,
+		ForcePasswordReset: u.ForcePasswordReset,
+		ExpiresAt:          u.ExpiredAt,
+	}
+}
+
+type mobileSessionPayload struct {
+	AuthSessionID string    `json:"auth_session_id"`
+	DeviceID      string    `json:"device_id"`
+	DeviceName    string    `json:"device_name,omitempty"`
+	ClientName    string    `json:"client_name,omitempty"`
+	ClientVersion string    `json:"client_version,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt     time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	LastUsedAt    time.Time `json:"last_used_at"`
+	ExpiresAt     time.Time `json:"expires_at"`
+}
+
+func toMobileSessionPayload(s *model.AuthSession) *mobileSessionPayload {
+	if s == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &mobileSessionPayload{
+		AuthSessionID: s.ID,
+		DeviceID:      s.DeviceID,
+		DeviceName:    s.DeviceName,
+		ClientName:    s.ClientName,
+		ClientVersion: s.ClientVersion,
+		CreatedAt:     s.CreatedAt,
+		LastUsedAt:    s.LastUsedAt,
+		ExpiresAt:     s.ExpiresAt,
+	}
+}
+
+type mobileLoginRequest struct {
+	Username      string `json:"username" binding:"required"`
+	Password      string `json:"password" binding:"required"`
+	DeviceID      string `json:"device_id" binding:"required"`
+	DeviceName    string `json:"device_name"`
+	ClientName    string `json:"client_name"`
+	ClientVersion string `json:"client_version"`
+}
+
+type mobileRefreshRequest struct {
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+// mobileAuthRequired 是 v1 专用认证中间件：要求有效 JWT + 有效设备会话，
+// 并统一输出 v1 错误契约。
+func mobileAuthRequired(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		raw := middleware.ExtractToken(c)
+		if raw == "" {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"access token required", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		claims, err := svc.Token.ValidateAccessToken(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, jwt.ErrTokenExpired) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeTokenExpired,
+					"access token expired", false, 0)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"invalid access token", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(claims.Purpose) != "" {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusForbidden, mobileCodePermissionDenied,
+				"token scope denied for this endpoint", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		sessionID := strings.TrimSpace(claims.Sid)
+		if sessionID == "" {
+			// v1 客户端必须使用登录时创建的会话；旧网页令牌不进入移动端契约。
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"auth session required; sign in again", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		session, err := svc.AuthSessions.Validate(c.Request.Context(), sessionID, claims.UserID)
+		if err != nil {
+			if service.IsTransientDatabaseLock(err) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+					"auth session check temporarily unavailable", true, 2)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeSessionRevoked,
+				"auth session revoked or expired", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, claims.UserID)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserRole, claims.Role)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserTier, claims.Tier)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxAuthSessionID, sessionID)
+		c.Set(mobileCtxAuthSession, session)
+		// 每个请求写一次 last_used_at 会在 SQLite 上造成不必要的写锁竞争；
+		// 一分钟内的重复请求不更新，足以支撑设备列表的“最近活动”。
+		if time.Since(session.LastUsedAt) > time.Minute {
+			svc.AuthSessions.Touch(c.Request.Context(), sessionID)
+		}
+		c.Next()
+	}
+}
+
+// mobileLogoutAuthRequired 只校验 JWT 与 sid，不要求会话仍然有效。
+// 退出必须幂等：同一个令牌重复调用 logout 也要返回成功，而不是在第二次
+// 被会话校验拦成 401。
+func mobileLogoutAuthRequired(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		raw := middleware.ExtractToken(c)
+		if raw == "" {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"access token required", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		claims, err := svc.Token.ValidateAccessToken(raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, jwt.ErrTokenExpired) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeTokenExpired,
+					"access token expired", false, 0)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"invalid access token", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		sessionID := strings.TrimSpace(claims.Sid)
+		if sessionID == "" {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"auth session required; sign in again", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxUserID, claims.UserID)
+		c.Set(middleware.CtxAuthSessionID, sessionID)
+		c.Next()
+	}
+}
+
+func mobileLoginHandler(svc *service.Container, log *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		var req mobileLoginRequest
+		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, mobileCodeInvalidArgument,
+				"username, password and device_id are required", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		req.Username = strings.TrimSpace(req.Username)
+		req.DeviceID = strings.TrimSpace(req.DeviceID)
+		if req.Username == "" || req.DeviceID == "" || len(req.DeviceID) > 128 {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, mobileCodeInvalidArgument,
+				"invalid username or device_id", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		ctx := c.Request.Context()
+		user, err := svc.Auth.Authenticate(ctx, req.Username, req.Password)
+		if err != nil {
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, log, err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		deviceName := strings.TrimSpace(req.DeviceName)
+		clientName := strings.TrimSpace(req.ClientName)
+		if clientName == "" {
+			clientName = "MeBox Android"
+		}
+		session, err := svc.AuthSessions.Create(ctx, service.CreateAuthSessionInput{
+			UserID:        user.ID,
+			DeviceID:      req.DeviceID,
+			DeviceName:    deviceName,
+			ClientName:    clientName,
+			ClientVersion: req.ClientVersion,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			if isTransientServiceError(err) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+					"cannot create auth session right now", true, 2)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, mobileCodeInvalidArgument,
+				"invalid device information", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+
+		tokens, err := svc.Token.IssuePairForSession(ctx, user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier, session.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			// 令牌签发失败时回收会话，避免留下永远无法使用的会话记录。
+			_ = svc.AuthSessions.Revoke(ctx, session.ID)
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, log, err)
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.Device != nil {
+			svc.Device.RecordLogin(ctx, user.ID, session.DeviceID, deviceName, clientName, c.ClientIP())
+		}
+		if svc.Audit != nil {
+			svc.Audit.RecordBestEffort(user.ID, "auth.mobile.login", user.Username, c.ClientIP(), "")
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+			"auth_session_id": session.ID,
+			"user":            toMobileUserPayload(user),
+			"tokens":          tokens,
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func mobileRefreshHandler(svc *service.Container, log *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		var req mobileRefreshRequest
+		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, mobileCodeInvalidArgument,
+				"refresh_token required", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		ctx := c.Request.Context()
+		rt, err := svc.Repo.RefreshToken.FindByHash(ctx, repository.HashToken(req.RefreshToken))
+		if err != nil {
+			if isTransientServiceError(err) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+					"token store temporarily unavailable", true, 2)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, log, err)
+			return
+		}
+		// 只有 v1 登录签发的刷新令牌才带会话；旧网页令牌必须重新登录。
+		// 注意这里不能在 rt.Revoked 时提前返回：轮换宽限期内的幂等复用
+		// 由 TokenService 判定。
+		if rt == nil || strings.TrimSpace(rt.AuthSessionID) == "" {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"refresh token is not bound to a device session; sign in again", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		if _, err := svc.AuthSessions.Validate(ctx, rt.AuthSessionID, rt.UserID); err != nil {
+			if isTransientServiceError(err) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+					"auth session check temporarily unavailable", true, 2)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeSessionRevoked,
+				"auth session revoked or expired", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+
+		tokens, err := svc.Auth.RefreshTokens(ctx, req.RefreshToken)
+		if err != nil {
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, log, err)
+			return
+		}
+		user, err := svc.Repo.User.FindByID(ctx, rt.UserID)
+		if err != nil {
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, log, err)
+			return
+		}
+		if user == nil {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"user not found", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+			"auth_session_id": rt.AuthSessionID,
+			"user":            toMobileUserPayload(user),
+			"tokens":          tokens,
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func mobileSessionHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		ctx := c.Request.Context()
+		userID := c.GetString(middleware.CtxUserID)
+		user, err := svc.Repo.User.FindByID(ctx, userID)
+		if err != nil {
+			writeMobileAuthError(c, svc.Log, err)
+			return
+		}
+		if user == nil {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+				"user not found", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		session, _ := c.Get(mobileCtxAuthSession)
+		sessionModel, _ := session.(*model.AuthSession)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+			"auth_session_id": c.GetString(middleware.CtxAuthSessionID),
+			"user":            toMobileUserPayload(user),
+			"session":         toMobileSessionPayload(sessionModel),
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func mobileLogoutHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		sessionID := c.GetString(middleware.CtxAuthSessionID)
+		if err := svc.AuthSessions.Revoke(c.Request.Context(), sessionID); err != nil {
+			if isTransientServiceError(err) {
+				writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+					"cannot revoke session right now", true, 2)
+				return
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+				"logout failed", false, 0)
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok"})
+	}
+}
+
+// writeMobileAuthError 把 service 层错误映射为稳定错误码。
+// 临时性存储/基础设施错误必须返回可重试的 503，不能伪装成凭证失效。
+func writeMobileAuthError(c *gin.Context, log *zap.Logger, err error) {
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, service.ErrInvalidCredentials), errors.Is(err, service.ErrInvalidRefreshToken):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials,
+			"invalid username, password or refresh token", false, 0)
+	case errors.Is(err, service.ErrTokenExpired):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeTokenExpired,
+			"refresh token expired", false, 0)
+	case errors.Is(err, service.ErrTokenRevoked),
+		errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionRevoked),
+		errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionExpired),
+		errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionRequired):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusUnauthorized, mobileCodeSessionRevoked,
+			"auth session revoked or expired", false, 0)
+	case errors.Is(err, service.ErrUserInactive):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusForbidden, mobileCodeAccountDisabled,
+			"account is disabled", false, 0)
+	case errors.Is(err, service.ErrUserExpired):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusForbidden, mobileCodeAccountExpired,
+			"account has expired", false, 0)
+	case isTransientServiceError(err):
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+			"service temporarily unavailable, please retry", true, 2)
+	default:
+		if log != nil {
+			log.Warn("mobile auth request failed", zap.Error(err))
+		}
+		writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+			"service temporarily unavailable, please retry", true, 2)
+	}
+}
+
+func isTransientServiceError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if service.IsTransientDatabaseLock(err) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) || errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}

internal/handler/mobile_auth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+const mobileTestSecret = "mobile-test-secret"
+
+func newMobileTestEnv(t *testing.T) (*gin.Engine, *service.Container) {
+	t.Helper()
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{
+		Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sqlDB, err := db.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// :memory: 只有单连接能看到同一份数据；handler 测试足够，且避免
+	// shared cache 名字在并行测试间串库。
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = sqlDB.Close() })
+
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(
+		&model.User{}, &model.RefreshToken{}, &model.AuthSession{}, &model.Setting{},
+		&model.UserDevice{}, &model.UserPermission{},
+	); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	cfg := &config.Config{Secrets: config.SecretsConfig{JWTSecret: mobileTestSecret}}
+	svc := service.NewWithVersion(cfg, zap.NewNop(), repos, "MeBox-test")
+
+	router := gin.New()
+	Register(router, cfg, zap.NewNop(), svc)
+	return router, svc
+}
+
+func seedMobileUser(t *testing.T, svc *service.Container, username, password string) *model.User {
+	t.Helper()
+	hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(password), bcrypt.MinCost)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	u := &model.User{Username: username, PasswordHash: string(hash), Role: "user", Tier: "free", IsActive: true}
+	if err := svc.Repo.User.Create(t.Context(), u); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return u
+}
+
+func mobileJSONRequest(t *testing.T, router *gin.Engine, method, path, token string, body any, headers map[string]string) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+	t.Helper()
+	var reader *bytes.Reader
+	if body != nil {
+		raw, err := json.Marshal(body)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		reader = bytes.NewReader(raw)
+	} else {
+		reader = bytes.NewReader(nil)
+	}
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, reader)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	if token != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	}
+	for k, v := range headers {
+		req.Header.Set(k, v)
+	}
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	return w
+}
+
+func decodeMobileJSON(t *testing.T, w *httptest.ResponseRecorder, out any) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode body %q: %v", w.Body.String(), err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileServerInfoAnonymousAndCacheable(t *testing.T) {
+	router, _ := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/server-info", "", nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if got := w.Header().Get("Cache-Control"); got != "no-store" {
+		t.Fatalf("Cache-Control = %q, want no-store", got)
+	}
+	var info service.ServerInfo
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &info)
+	if info.ServerID == "" || info.ServerVersion != "MeBox-test" || info.APIVersion != "v1" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected server info: %+v", info)
+	}
+	if !info.Capabilities.DeviceSessions {
+		t.Fatalf("device_sessions capability should be true: %+v", info.Capabilities)
+	}
+	if info.Capabilities.PlaybackSessions || info.Capabilities.ReaderProgressV1 {
+		t.Fatalf("unimplemented capabilities must stay false: %+v", info.Capabilities)
+	}
+	if info.MinSupportedAppVersionCode < 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("min_supported_app_version_code = %d", info.MinSupportedAppVersionCode)
+	}
+
+	// 匿名访问不应要求 Authorization，也不应记录 cookie。
+	if len(w.Result().Cookies()) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("server-info should not set cookies")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileAuthLifecycle(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	user := seedMobileUser(t, svc, "alice", "secret-123")
+
+	// 1. 错误密码：401 + 稳定错误码 + request_id。
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+		"username": "alice", "password": "wrong", "device_id": "device-1",
+	}, map[string]string{"X-Request-ID": "mobile-test-0001"})
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("wrong password status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var authErr mobileErrorBody
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &authErr)
+	if authErr.Code != mobileCodeInvalidCredentials || authErr.RequestID != "mobile-test-0001" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected auth error: %+v", authErr)
+	}
+	if authErr.Retryable {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid credentials must not be retryable: %+v", authErr)
+	}
+
+	// 2. 缺少 device_id：400 INVALID_ARGUMENT。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+		"username": "alice", "password": "secret-123",
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusBadRequest {
+		t.Fatalf("missing device id status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &authErr)
+	if authErr.Code != mobileCodeInvalidArgument {
+		t.Fatalf("code = %q, want %q", authErr.Code, mobileCodeInvalidArgument)
+	}
+
+	// 3. 正常登录。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+		"username": "alice", "password": "secret-123", "device_id": "device-1",
+		"device_name": "Pixel 9", "client_name": "MeBox Android", "client_version": "1.0.0",
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("login status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var loginResp struct {
+		AuthSessionID string            `json:"auth_session_id"`
+		User          mobileUserPayload `json:"user"`
+		Tokens        service.TokenPair `json:"tokens"`
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &loginResp)
+	if loginResp.AuthSessionID == "" || loginResp.Tokens.AccessToken == "" || loginResp.Tokens.RefreshToken == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("incomplete login response: %+v", loginResp)
+	}
+	if loginResp.User.ID != user.ID || loginResp.User.Username != "alice" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected user payload: %+v", loginResp.User)
+	}
+	claims, err := svc.Token.ValidateAccessToken(loginResp.Tokens.AccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("validate access token: %v", err)
+	}
+	if claims.Sid != loginResp.AuthSessionID {
+		t.Fatalf("token sid = %q, want %q", claims.Sid, loginResp.AuthSessionID)
+	}
+	rt, err := svc.Repo.RefreshToken.FindByHash(t.Context(), repository.HashToken(loginResp.Tokens.RefreshToken))
+	if err != nil || rt == nil || rt.AuthSessionID != loginResp.AuthSessionID {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh token not bound to session: %+v err=%v", rt, err)
+	}
+
+	// 4. 会话读取。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", loginResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("session status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var sessionResp struct {
+		AuthSessionID string                `json:"auth_session_id"`
+		User          mobileUserPayload     `json:"user"`
+		Session       *mobileSessionPayload `json:"session"`
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &sessionResp)
+	if sessionResp.AuthSessionID != loginResp.AuthSessionID || sessionResp.Session == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected session response: %+v", sessionResp)
+	}
+	if sessionResp.Session.DeviceID != "device-1" || sessionResp.Session.DeviceName != "Pixel 9" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected session payload: %+v", sessionResp.Session)
+	}
+
+	// 5. 刷新：新令牌继续归属同一会话，旧刷新令牌被撤销。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/refresh", "", map[string]any{
+		"refresh_token": loginResp.Tokens.RefreshToken,
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var refreshResp struct {
+		AuthSessionID string            `json:"auth_session_id"`
+		Tokens        service.TokenPair `json:"tokens"`
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &refreshResp)
+	if refreshResp.AuthSessionID != loginResp.AuthSessionID || refreshResp.Tokens.AccessToken == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected refresh response: %+v", refreshResp)
+	}
+	if refreshResp.Tokens.RefreshToken == loginResp.Tokens.RefreshToken {
+		t.Fatal("refresh token should rotate")
+	}
+	oldRT, err := svc.Repo.RefreshToken.FindByHash(t.Context(), repository.HashToken(loginResp.Tokens.RefreshToken))
+	if err != nil || oldRT == nil || !oldRT.Revoked {
+		t.Fatalf("old refresh token should be revoked: %+v err=%v", oldRT, err)
+	}
+
+	// 6. 用刷新后的访问令牌访问旧 API，确认 sid 会话校验在旧入口同样生效。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/me", refreshResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("old api with fresh token status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	// 7. 退出：成功且可重复。
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/logout", refreshResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("logout #%d status = %d body=%s", i+1, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 8. 会话撤销后：v1 会话接口 401 SESSION_REVOKED。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", refreshResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("session after logout status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &authErr)
+	if authErr.Code != mobileCodeSessionRevoked {
+		t.Fatalf("session after logout code = %q, want %q", authErr.Code, mobileCodeSessionRevoked)
+	}
+
+	// 9. 被踢后的未过期 JWT 不能绕过旧 API。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/me", refreshResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("old api after logout status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	// 10. 刷新令牌随会话一起撤销。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/refresh", "", map[string]any{
+		"refresh_token": refreshResp.Tokens.RefreshToken,
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh after logout status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &authErr)
+	if authErr.Code != mobileCodeSessionRevoked {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh after logout code = %q, want %q", authErr.Code, mobileCodeSessionRevoked)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileV1RejectsLegacyTokenWithoutSid(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	user := seedMobileUser(t, svc, "legacy", "secret-123")
+	pair, err := svc.Token.IssuePair(t.Context(), user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if claims, err := svc.Token.ValidateAccessToken(pair.AccessToken); err != nil || claims.Sid != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy token unexpectedly has sid: %+v err=%v", claims, err)
+	}
+
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", pair.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy token status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var body mobileErrorBody
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &body)
+	if body.Code != mobileCodeInvalidCredentials {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy token code = %q, want %q", body.Code, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials)
+	}
+
+	// 旧令牌仍可访问旧 API（兼容路径不能被新协议破坏）。
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/me", pair.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy token on old api status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileRefreshRejectsUnboundLegacyToken(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	user := seedMobileUser(t, svc, "bob", "secret-123")
+	pair, err := svc.Token.IssuePair(t.Context(), user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/refresh", "", map[string]any{
+		"refresh_token": pair.RefreshToken,
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy refresh status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var body mobileErrorBody
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &body)
+	if body.Code != mobileCodeInvalidCredentials {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy refresh code = %q, want %q", body.Code, mobileCodeInvalidCredentials)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileDeviceKickRevokesSession(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	user := seedMobileUser(t, svc, "carol", "secret-123")
+
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+		"username": "carol", "password": "secret-123", "device_id": "device-kick",
+		"device_name": "Kick Me", "client_name": "MeBox Android",
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("login status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var loginResp struct {
+		AuthSessionID string            `json:"auth_session_id"`
+		Tokens        service.TokenPair `json:"tokens"`
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &loginResp)
+
+	if err := svc.Device.KickDevice(t.Context(), user.ID, "device-kick"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("kick device: %v", err)
+	}
+	session, err := svc.Repo.AuthSession.FindByID(t.Context(), loginResp.AuthSessionID)
+	if err != nil || session == nil || !session.Revoked {
+		t.Fatalf("session should be revoked after device kick: %+v err=%v", session, err)
+	}
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", loginResp.Tokens.AccessToken, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("session after kick status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMobileKickOneDeviceKeepsOtherSessions(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	seedMobileUser(t, svc, "erin", "secret-123")
+
+	login := func(deviceID string) string {
+		w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+			"username": "erin", "password": "secret-123", "device_id": deviceID,
+			"device_name": deviceID, "client_name": "MeBox Android",
+		}, nil)
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("login %s status = %d body=%s", deviceID, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+		var resp struct {
+			Tokens service.TokenPair `json:"tokens"`
+		}
+		decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &resp)
+		return resp.Tokens.AccessToken
+	}
+
+	tokenA := login("device-a")
+	tokenB := login("device-b")
+
+	if err := svc.Device.KickDevice(t.Context(), svcUserID(t, svc, "erin"), "device-a"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("kick device a: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", tokenA, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("kicked session status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	w = mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodGet, "/api/v1/auth/session", tokenB, nil, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("other device status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func svcUserID(t *testing.T, svc *service.Container, username string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	u, err := svc.Repo.User.FindByUsername(t.Context(), username)
+	if err != nil || u == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("find user %s: %v", username, err)
+	}
+	return u.ID
+}
+
+func TestMobileAuthDefaultsAndSessionExpiryShape(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc := newMobileTestEnv(t)
+	seedMobileUser(t, svc, "dave", "secret-123")
+
+	w := mobileJSONRequest(t, router, http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/auth/login", "", map[string]any{
+		"username": "dave", "password": "secret-123", "device_id": "device-default",
+	}, nil)
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("login status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var loginResp struct {
+		AuthSessionID string            `json:"auth_session_id"`
+		Tokens        service.TokenPair `json:"tokens"`
+	}
+	decodeMobileJSON(t, w, &loginResp)
+	session, err := svc.Repo.AuthSession.FindByID(t.Context(), loginResp.AuthSessionID)
+	if err != nil || session == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("load session: %v", err)
+	}
+	if session.ClientName != "MeBox Android" {
+		t.Fatalf("client_name default = %q", session.ClientName)
+	}
+	if session.ExpiresAt.Before(time.Now()) {
+		t.Fatalf("session expiry in the past: %v", session.ExpiresAt)
+	}
+	if loginResp.Tokens.TokenType != "Bearer" || loginResp.Tokens.ExpiresIn <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected token metadata: %+v", loginResp.Tokens)
+	}
+}

internal/handler/mobile_errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+)
+
+// 移动端 v1 错误码。新增错误码必须同步 OpenAPI 与 App 的 ApiErrorMapper。
+const (
+	mobileCodeInvalidArgument       = "INVALID_ARGUMENT"
+	mobileCodeInvalidCredentials    = "INVALID_CREDENTIALS"
+	mobileCodeTokenExpired          = "TOKEN_EXPIRED"
+	mobileCodeSessionRevoked        = "SESSION_REVOKED"
+	mobileCodeAccountDisabled       = "ACCOUNT_DISABLED"
+	mobileCodeAccountExpired        = "ACCOUNT_EXPIRED"
+	mobileCodePermissionDenied      = "PERMISSION_DENIED"
+	mobileCodeProfilePINRequired    = "PROFILE_PIN_REQUIRED"
+	mobileCodeRateLimited           = "RATE_LIMITED"
+	mobileCodeUpstreamUnavailable   = "UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE"
+	mobileCodeTranscodeBusy         = "TRANSCODE_BUSY"
+	mobileCodePlaybackSessionAbsent = "PLAYBACK_SESSION_NOT_FOUND"
+	mobileCodeResourceExpired       = "RESOURCE_EXPIRED"
+	mobileCodeProgressConflict      = "PROGRESS_CONFLICT"
+	mobileCodeServiceUnavailable    = "SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE"
+)
+
+const (
+	mobileCtxRequestID    = "mobile_request_id"
+	mobileCtxAuthSession  = "mobile_auth_session"
+	mobileRequestIDHeader = "X-Request-ID"
+)
+
+// mobileErrorBody 是 v1 统一错误响应。字段直接位于顶层，便于客户端按
+// code 分流，不需要再判断后端历史包装层。
+type mobileErrorBody struct {
+	Code          string `json:"code"`
+	Message       string `json:"message"`
+	RequestID     string `json:"request_id"`
+	Retryable     bool   `json:"retryable"`
+	RetryAfterSec int    `json:"retry_after_sec,omitempty"`
+	Details       any    `json:"details,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// mobileRequestIDMiddleware 为每个 v1 请求绑定可追踪的请求 ID。
+// 合法客户端值会沿用（便于 App 与服务端日志对齐），非法或过长则由服务器
+// 重新生成；该值仅用于诊断，绝不参与鉴权。
+func mobileRequestIDMiddleware() gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		id := strings.TrimSpace(c.GetHeader(mobileRequestIDHeader))
+		if !validRequestID(id) {
+			id = uuid.NewString()
+		}
+		c.Set(mobileCtxRequestID, id)
+		c.Header(mobileRequestIDHeader, id)
+		c.Next()
+	}
+}
+
+func validRequestID(id string) bool {
+	if len(id) < 8 || len(id) > 128 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, r := range id {
+		if r > unicode.MaxASCII {
+			return false
+		}
+		if unicode.IsLetter(r) || unicode.IsDigit(r) {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch r {
+		case '-', '_', '.', ':':
+			continue
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func currentMobileRequestID(c *gin.Context) string {
+	if c == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if v, ok := c.Get(mobileCtxRequestID); ok {
+		if s, ok := v.(string); ok && s != "" {
+			return s
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// writeMobileError 输出统一错误体。request_id 缺失时现场生成，保证所有
+// v1 错误都可用于对账，而不是只在注册了中间件的路由上才有。
+func writeMobileError(c *gin.Context, status int, code, message string, retryable bool, retryAfterSec int) {
+	requestID := currentMobileRequestID(c)
+	if requestID == "" {
+		requestID = uuid.NewString()
+		c.Header(mobileRequestIDHeader, requestID)
+	}
+	if retryAfterSec > 0 {
+		c.Header("Retry-After", strconv.Itoa(retryAfterSec))
+	}
+	c.AbortWithStatusJSON(status, mobileErrorBody{
+		Code:          code,
+		Message:       message,
+		RequestID:     requestID,
+		Retryable:     retryable,
+		RetryAfterSec: retryAfterSec,
+	})
+}
+
+// mobileRateLimit 与旧端点共用 RateLimiter，但返回 v1 错误契约和 Retry-After。
+func mobileRateLimit(limiter *middleware.RateLimiter) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		if !limiter.Allow(c.ClientIP()) {
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusTooManyRequests, mobileCodeRateLimited,
+				"too many requests, please try again later", true, 60)
+			return
+		}
+		c.Next()
+	}
+}

internal/handler/mobile_routes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// registerMobileRoutes 挂载 /api/v1 移动端稳定契约。
+//
+// 既有 /api 与 Emby 入口保持不变；v1 只做适配和会话语义补强，不复制媒体
+// 或书源业务逻辑。
+func registerMobileRoutes(api *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container, log *zap.Logger) {
+	if svc == nil || svc.ServerIdentity == nil || svc.AuthSessions == nil {
+		// 最小容器（例如旧测试桩）没有身份/会话服务时，不暴露不可用的 v1。
+		return
+	}
+	wireAuthSessionValidator(svc)
+
+	v1 := api.Group("/v1")
+	v1.Use(mobileRequestIDMiddleware())
+
+	v1.GET("/server-info", mobileServerInfoHandler(svc, log))
+
+	authLimiter := middleware.NewRateLimiter(30, time.Minute)
+	v1.POST("/auth/login", mobileRateLimit(authLimiter), mobileLoginHandler(svc, log))
+	v1.POST("/auth/refresh", mobileRefreshHandler(svc, log))
+
+	authed := v1.Group("/auth")
+	{
+		authed.GET("/session", mobileAuthRequired(svc), mobileSessionHandler(svc))
+		authed.POST("/logout", mobileLogoutAuthRequired(svc), mobileLogoutHandler(svc))
+	}
+}
+
+// wireAuthSessionValidator 让旧 /api 中间件也能校验新令牌的 sid。
+// service 层错误在这里映射为 middleware 的两个哨兵，避免包依赖反转。
+func wireAuthSessionValidator(svc *service.Container) {
+	middleware.SetSessionValidator(func(ctx context.Context, sessionID, userID string) error {
+		if svc == nil || svc.AuthSessions == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		_, err := svc.AuthSessions.Validate(ctx, sessionID, userID)
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionRevoked) ||
+			errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionExpired) ||
+			errors.Is(err, service.ErrAuthSessionRequired) {
+			return middleware.ErrSessionRevoked
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", middleware.ErrSessionUnavailable, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func mobileServerInfoHandler(svc *service.Container, log *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
+	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		info, err := svc.ServerIdentity.Info(ctx, service.CurrentServerCapabilities(svc))
+		if err != nil {
+			if log != nil {
+				log.Warn("mobile server info failed", zap.Error(err))
+			}
+			writeMobileError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, mobileCodeServiceUnavailable,
+				"server identity temporarily unavailable", true, 2)
+			return
+		}
+		// 身份信息随配置变化且不应被中间缓存：同一地址可能切换部署实例。
+		c.Header("Cache-Control", "no-store")
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, info)
+	}
+}

internal/handler/playback_extra.go

@@ -51,11 +51,53 @@ func playbackInfoHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			// 远程 Emby 挂载没有本地文件，不能提供转码地址。STRM 默认直连，直连失败时可走 HLS。
 			hlsURL = ""
 		}
-		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		// 起播路径原本还要各发一次 /playback/{id}/resume 和
+		// /media/{id}/subtitles。把这两份数据并进播放地址响应后，移动端起播
+		// 只剩一个请求 —— 跨境链路上每多一条连接就多一次 DNS/TLS 建连，
+		// 实测单次建连可到数秒。老客户端不读这两个字段，行为不变。
+		uid, _ := c.Get(middleware.CtxUserID)
+		resumePayload := gin.H{"position_ms": int64(0), "duration_ms": int64(0), "completed": false}
+		if svc.Playback != nil {
+			if row, err := svc.Playback.GetProgress(c.Request.Context(), toString(uid), m.ID); err == nil && row != nil {
+				resumePayload = gin.H{
+					"position_ms": row.PositionMs,
+					"duration_ms": row.DurationMs,
+					"completed":   row.Completed,
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		// 直连播放只需要外挂字幕；内嵌字幕由播放器从容器里解。
+		subtitles := []service.SubtitleTrack{}
+		if svc.Subtitle != nil && !(svc.EmbyRemote != nil && service.IsEmbyRemoteID(m.ID)) {
+			if discovered, err := svc.Subtitle.DiscoverExternalOnly(c.Request.Context(), m.ID); err == nil && discovered != nil {
+				subtitles = discovered
+			}
+		}
+		// 能在服务端换链就把最终直链一并返回：客户端直接连 CDN，省掉
+		// /api/stream 的 302 往返。跨境/高延迟链路上，这一跳等于一次完整的
+		// DNS + TCP + TLS，实测能到数秒，正好压在起播关键路径上。
+		// 换链失败、本地文件或需要服务端加头的网盘保持原样，客户端仍走
+		// stream_url 跳转，行为与改动前一致。
+		directURL, hasDirectURL := "", false
+		if svc.Stream != nil {
+			// `?refresh=1`：客户端手上的直链已失效（CDN 403），要求丢掉缓存
+			// 重新换链，别把同一条死链再发一次。
+			if strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("refresh")), "1") {
+				service.InvalidateMediaLinkCache(m)
+			}
+			directURL, hasDirectURL = svc.Stream.ResolveDirectPlayURL(c.Request, m)
+		}
+		payload := gin.H{
 			"media":      m,
 			"stream_url": "/api/stream/" + m.ID + "?token=" + url.QueryEscape(token) + profileQuery,
 			"hls_url":    hlsURL,
-		})
+			"resume":     resumePayload,
+			"subtitles":  subtitles,
+		}
+		if hasDirectURL {
+			payload["direct_url"] = directURL
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, payload)
 	}
 }
 

internal/handler/playback_extra_test.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service/cloud"
 )
 
 func TestExternalURLUsesMediaScopedPlaybackToken(t *testing.T) {
@@ -435,6 +436,10 @@ func TestPlaybackInfoForSTRMMediaIncludesHLS(t *testing.T) {
 	var payload struct {
 		StreamURL string `json:"stream_url"`
 		HlsURL    string `json:"hls_url"`
+		// 移动端起播只打这一个接口：resume / subtitles 必须始终存在，
+		// 哪怕是默认值，否则客户端会退回额外两个请求。
+		Resume     *struct{ PositionMs int64 `json:"position_ms"` } `json:"resume"`
+		Subtitles  *[]struct{}                                     `json:"subtitles"`
 	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &payload); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("decode: %v", err)
@@ -445,6 +450,66 @@ func TestPlaybackInfoForSTRMMediaIncludesHLS(t *testing.T) {
 	if payload.HlsURL == "" || !strings.Contains(payload.HlsURL, "/api/hls/media-1/") {
 		t.Fatalf("expected strm hls_url, got %q", payload.HlsURL)
 	}
+	if payload.Resume == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("playback info must always carry resume (got body=%s)", w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if payload.Subtitles == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("playback info must always carry subtitles (got body=%s)", w.Body.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// 服务端能换到最终直链时，播放地址响应要把直链一并给客户端：移动端起播就能
+// 跳过 /api/stream 的 302 往返（跨境链路上等于一次完整 DNS+TCP+TLS）。
+func TestPlaybackInfoCarriesPrefetchedDirectURL(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc, secret := newPlaybackScopeTestRouter(t)
+	loginToken := signedTestToken(t, secret)
+	const direct = "https://cdnfhnfile.115cdn.net/637b/Movie.mkv?t=1&k=sig"
+	var gotUA string
+	svc.Stream.SetStrmPlayTargetResolver(func(_ context.Context, _, userAgent string) (*service.StrmPlayResult, error) {
+		gotUA = userAgent
+		return &service.StrmPlayResult{
+			RedirectURL: direct,
+			Link:        &cloud.DirectLink{URL: direct, Headers: map[string]string{"User-Agent": userAgent}},
+		}, nil
+	})
+	if err := svc.Repo.DB.Create(&model.Media{
+		Base:        model.Base{ID: "media-direct"},
+		LibraryID:   "lib-1",
+		Title:       "Direct",
+		Path:        "cloud://cloud115/Movie.mkv",
+		Container:   "strm",
+		DurationSec: 3600,
+		STRMURL:     "/api/strm/play/cloud115/video.mkv?acct=a1&pickcode=pc1",
+	}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "http://nas.local/api/playback/media-direct/info", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+loginToken)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "MeBox-Android/0.1.0")
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %d body=%s", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	var payload struct {
+		DirectURL string `json:"direct_url"`
+		StreamURL string `json:"stream_url"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &payload); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode: %v", err)
+	}
+	if payload.DirectURL != direct {
+		t.Fatalf("direct_url = %q, want %q (body=%s)", payload.DirectURL, direct, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(payload.StreamURL, "/api/stream/media-direct") {
+		t.Fatalf("stream_url must stay as the fallback, got %q", payload.StreamURL)
+	}
+	// 115 直链绑定换取时的 UA：预置直链必须按播放器的 UA 换，否则播放会 403。
+	if gotUA != "MeBox-Android/0.1.0" {
+		t.Fatalf("resolver UA = %q, want the client UA", gotUA)
+	}
 }
 
 func TestSubtitleListOnlyProbesEmbeddedTracksForHLS(t *testing.T) {

internal/handler/reader_routes.go

@@ -149,10 +149,10 @@ func readerDeleteSourceHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 }
 
 func readerDebugSourceHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
-	var body struct {
-		Key string `json:"key" binding:"required"`
-	}
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
+		var body struct {
+			Key string `json:"key" binding:"required"`
+		}
 		if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 			return

internal/handler/routes_admin.go

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ func registerAdminRoutes(api *gin.RouterGroup, cfg *config.Config, svc *service.
 	admin := api.Group("/admin")
 	admin.Use(middleware.AuthRequired(cfg.Secrets.JWTSecret), middleware.AdminRequired())
 	registerAdminUserRoutes(admin, svc)
+	admin.GET("/tasks", backgroundTasksHandler(svc))
+	admin.GET("/quality", mediaQualityHandler(svc))
 	registerAdminPermissionRoutes(admin, svc)
 	registerAdminSystemRoutes(admin, svc)
 	registerAdminBackupRoutes(admin, svc)
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ func registerAdminStrmRoutes(admin *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container) {
 	// Emby 挂载管理：远程 Emby 媒体库挂载（账号复用 strm/accounts）
 	admin.GET("/emby/accounts/:id/views", embyAccountViewsHandler(svc))
 	admin.POST("/emby/accounts/:id/full-mount", fullMountEmbyAccountHandler(svc))
+	admin.PUT("/emby/accounts/:id/mounts/enabled", setEmbyMountsEnabledHandler(svc))
 	admin.GET("/emby/mounts", listEmbyMountsHandler(svc))
 	admin.POST("/emby/mounts", createEmbyMountsHandler(svc))
 	admin.PUT("/emby/mounts/reorder", reorderEmbyMountsHandler(svc))
@@ -142,6 +145,7 @@ func registerAdminSystemRoutes(admin *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container) {
 func registerAdminBackupRoutes(admin *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container) {
 	admin.GET("/backups", listBackupsHandler(svc))
 	admin.POST("/backups", createBackupHandler(svc))
+	admin.GET("/backups/download", downloadBackupHandler(svc))
 	admin.DELETE("/backups", deleteBackupHandler(svc))
 	admin.POST("/backups/restore", restoreBackupHandler(svc))
 }

internal/handler/routes_authenticated_features.go

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ func registerAuthedDLNARoutes(authed *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container) {
 }
 
 func registerAuthedRealtimeRoutes(authed *gin.RouterGroup, svc *service.Container) {
-	authed.GET("/ws", wsHandler(svc))
-	authed.GET("/events", sseHandler(svc))
+	// These streams carry operator tasks, including filesystem paths and scan
+	// errors. Their payloads are not scoped to an individual user's libraries.
+	authed.GET("/ws", middleware.AdminRequired(), wsHandler(svc))
+	authed.GET("/events", middleware.AdminRequired(), sseHandler(svc))
 }

internal/handler/stream_emby_remote_redirect_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+// 首页轮播/剧集卡片交给播放器的是「整部剧」的伪装 ID，它自身没有媒体源：远程 Emby
+// 对它的取流请求会回 500（Unable to cast 'Series' to 'IHasMediaSources'）。这里锁定
+// 播放接口的行为——改投第一集，且客户端原有的查询参数（token / profile / proxy）
+// 必须原样带过去，否则播放器跟过去之后会掉鉴权。
+func TestStreamRedirectsRemoteContainerToPlayableEpisode(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/emby/Users/uid-1/Items/series-100":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"Id": "series-100", "Name": "某部新番", "Type": "Series", "IsFolder": true,
+			})
+		case "/emby/Users/uid-1/Items":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"Items": []map[string]any{
+					map[string]any{
+						"Id": "ep-1", "Name": "第1集", "Type": "Episode", "SeriesId": "series-100",
+						"ParentIndexNumber": 1, "IndexNumber": 1,
+						"MediaSources": []any{map[string]any{"Id": "ep-1-src"}},
+					},
+				},
+			})
+		default:
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(
+		&model.User{}, &model.UserPermission{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.Library{}, &model.Media{},
+		&model.StrmAccount{}, &model.EmbyMount{},
+	); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Secrets.JWTSecret = "stream-redirect-secret"
+	log := zap.NewNop()
+
+	remote := service.NewEmbyRemoteService(cfg, log, repos, service.NewCryptoService("", log))
+	svc := &service.Container{Cfg: cfg, Repo: repos, EmbyRemote: remote}
+
+	rawConfig, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{
+		"url":            upstream.URL,
+		"api_key":        "test-api-key",
+		"remote_user_id": "uid-1",
+	})
+	if err := repos.StrmAccount.Create(t.Context(), &model.StrmAccount{
+		Base:     model.Base{ID: "acct-1"},
+		Name:     "远程 Emby",
+		Provider: model.StrmProviderEmbyRemote,
+		Config:   string(rawConfig),
+		Enabled:  true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(t.Context(), &model.EmbyMount{
+		Base:           model.Base{ID: "mount-1"},
+		AccountID:      "acct-1",
+		RemoteViewID:   "view-1",
+		RemoteViewName: "新番连载",
+		CollectionType: "tvshows",
+		Enabled:        true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	router := gin.New()
+	router.GET("/api/stream/:id", streamHandler(svc))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(
+		http.MethodGet,
+		"/api/stream/"+service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID("mount-1", "series-100")+"?token=tok-1&profile=p-1",
+		nil,
+	)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusFound {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %d body=%s, want 302", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	want := "/api/stream/" + service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID("mount-1", "ep-1") + "?token=tok-1&profile=p-1"
+	if got := w.Header().Get("Location"); got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("Location = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+// 本身可播的远程条目（单集/电影）不能被改写，必须照原样进入原来的代理/直连分支。
+func TestStreamKeepsPlayableRemoteItem(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	var streamCalls int
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/emby/Users/uid-1/Items/ep-1":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"Id": "ep-1", "Name": "第1集", "Type": "Episode", "SeriesId": "series-100",
+				"ParentIndexNumber": 1, "IndexNumber": 1,
+				"MediaSources": []any{map[string]any{"Id": "ep-1-src"}},
+			})
+		case "/emby/Videos/ep-1/stream":
+			streamCalls++
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "video/mp4")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte("bytes"))
+		default:
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(
+		&model.User{}, &model.UserPermission{}, &model.Setting{}, &model.Library{}, &model.Media{},
+		&model.StrmAccount{}, &model.EmbyMount{},
+	); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Secrets.JWTSecret = "stream-keep-secret"
+	log := zap.NewNop()
+
+	remote := service.NewEmbyRemoteService(cfg, log, repos, service.NewCryptoService("", log))
+	emby := service.NewEmbyService(cfg, log, repos).SetEmbyRemote(remote)
+	svc := &service.Container{Cfg: cfg, Repo: repos, EmbyRemote: remote, Emby: emby}
+
+	rawConfig, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{
+		"url":            upstream.URL,
+		"api_key":        "test-api-key",
+		"remote_user_id": "uid-1",
+	})
+	if err := repos.StrmAccount.Create(t.Context(), &model.StrmAccount{
+		Base:     model.Base{ID: "acct-1"},
+		Name:     "远程 Emby",
+		Provider: model.StrmProviderEmbyRemote,
+		Config:   string(rawConfig),
+		Enabled:  true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// proxy_play=true：直接走反向代理分支，便于断言确实取到了流。
+	if err := repos.EmbyMount.Create(t.Context(), &model.EmbyMount{
+		Base:           model.Base{ID: "mount-1"},
+		AccountID:      "acct-1",
+		RemoteViewID:   "view-1",
+		RemoteViewName: "新番连载",
+		CollectionType: "tvshows",
+		ProxyPlay:      true,
+		Enabled:        true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	router := gin.New()
+	router.GET("/api/stream/:id", streamHandler(svc))
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/stream/"+service.EncodeEmbyRemoteID("mount-1", "ep-1"), nil)
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+
+	if w.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %d body=%s, want 200", w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if got := w.Body.String(); got != "bytes" {
+		t.Fatalf("body = %q, want the proxied stream", got)
+	}
+	if streamCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("upstream stream calls = %d, want 1", streamCalls)
+	}
+}

internal/handler/streaming.go

@@ -27,7 +27,15 @@ func hlsPlaylistHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), scope)
+		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrHLSGenerationSuperseded) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"code": "hls_generation_superseded", "error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
 		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrMediaNotFound) {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "not found"})
 			return
@@ -62,7 +70,11 @@ func hlsSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"), scope)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 			return
@@ -72,11 +84,39 @@ func hlsSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 
 func stopTranscodeHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
-		svc.Transcoder.StopJob(c.Param("id"))
+		m, err := findMediaForPlaybackEndpoint(c, svc, c.Param("id"))
+		if err != nil || m == nil || !mediaVisibleForRequest(c, svc, m) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
+			return
+		}
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.Transcoder != nil {
+			svc.Transcoder.StopPlayback(m.ID, scope)
+		}
 		c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
 	}
 }
 
+func localHLSPlaybackScope(c *gin.Context) (service.HLSPlaybackScope, bool) {
+	userID := currentUserID(c)
+	if userID == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "missing playback owner"})
+		return service.HLSPlaybackScope{}, false
+	}
+	scope, err := service.HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(c.Request, userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return service.HLSPlaybackScope{}, false
+	}
+	return scope, true
+}
+
 func imageProxyHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		raw := c.Query("url")

internal/handler/ws.go

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 // Package handler — WebSocket endpoint.
 //
-// Clients connect to /api/ws?token=... (the token is the same JWT used for
-// REST calls). The first message they send is a JSON {"action":"subscribe",
-// "topics":["scan","scrape","transcode"]}. Subsequent server-pushed events
-// arrive as {"topic":"...","payload":{...}}.
+// Administrators connect to /api/ws?token=... with their REST access token.
+// Operator events arrive as {"topic":"...","payload":{...}}.
 package handler
 
 import (
@@ -52,8 +50,11 @@ func wsHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		sub := svc.WSHub.Subscribe(id, nil)
 		defer svc.WSHub.Unsubscribe(id)
 
-		// Reader: accept ping + subscription updates.
+		// Reading processes WebSocket control frames and detects disconnects.
+		done := make(chan struct{})
+		conn.SetReadLimit(64 << 10)
 		go func() {
+			defer close(done)
 			for {
 				if _, _, err := conn.NextReader(); err != nil {
 					_ = conn.Close()
@@ -67,6 +68,8 @@ func wsHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		defer ticker.Stop()
 		for {
 			select {
+			case <-done:
+				return
 			case ev, ok := <-sub.Out:
 				if !ok {
 					return

internal/handler/ws_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func realtimeTestRouter(hub *service.Hub) *gin.Engine {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	router := gin.New()
+	authed := router.Group("/api")
+	authed.Use(middleware.AuthRequired("realtime-test"))
+	registerAuthedRealtimeRoutes(authed, &service.Container{WSHub: hub})
+	return router
+}
+
+func realtimeTestToken(t *testing.T, role string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	token, err := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, middleware.Claims{
+		UserID: "viewer", Role: role,
+		RegisteredClaims: jwt.RegisteredClaims{ExpiresAt: jwt.NewNumericDate(time.Now().Add(time.Hour))},
+	}).SignedString([]byte("realtime-test"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return token
+}
+
+func TestRealtimeStreamsRejectOrdinaryUsers(t *testing.T) {
+	router := realtimeTestRouter(nil)
+	for _, path := range []string{"/api/ws", "/api/events"} {
+		for _, role := range []string{"", "user"} {
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, path, nil)
+			want := http.StatusUnauthorized
+			if role != "" {
+				req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+realtimeTestToken(t, role))
+				want = http.StatusForbidden
+			}
+			recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			router.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+			if recorder.Code != want {
+				t.Fatalf("%s role %q: status %d, want %d", path, role, recorder.Code, want)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAdminWebSocketReceivesTaskEvents(t *testing.T) {
+	hub := service.NewHub(zap.NewNop())
+	go hub.Run()
+	defer hub.Stop()
+	server := httptest.NewServer(realtimeTestRouter(hub))
+	defer server.Close()
+	url := "ws" + strings.TrimPrefix(server.URL, "http") + "/api/ws?token=" + realtimeTestToken(t, "admin")
+	conn, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+	stop := make(chan struct{})
+	defer close(stop)
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Millisecond)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-stop:
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				hub.Publish("task", service.BackgroundTask{ID: "task-1", SourcePath: "/media/private"})
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(2 * time.Second))
+	var event service.Event
+	if err := conn.ReadJSON(&event); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if event.Topic != "task" || event.Payload.(map[string]any)["source_path"] != "/media/private" {
+		t.Fatalf("event = %#v", event)
+	}
+}

internal/middleware/auth.go

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ type Claims struct {
 	Tier    string `json:"tier,omitempty"`
 	Purpose string `json:"purpose,omitempty"`
 	MediaID string `json:"media_id,omitempty"`
+	// Sid 是设备认证会话 ID；旧令牌为空，继续走兼容路径。
+	Sid string `json:"sid,omitempty"`
 	jwt.RegisteredClaims
 }
 
@@ -44,6 +46,19 @@ func AuthRequired(secret string) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"code": 40304, "message": "token scope denied"})
 			return
 		}
+		// 新协议令牌携带 sid：旧 API 也必须检查会话是否已被撤销，否则
+		// 设备被踢后仍能用未过期的 JWT 访问 /api/*。
+		if sid := strings.TrimSpace(claims.Sid); sid != "" {
+			if err := ValidateAuthSession(c.Request.Context(), sid, claims.UserID); err != nil {
+				if errors.Is(err, ErrSessionUnavailable) {
+					c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"code": 50303, "message": "auth session unavailable"})
+					return
+				}
+				c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"code": 40104, "message": "auth session revoked"})
+				return
+			}
+			c.Set(CtxAuthSessionID, sid)
+		}
 		syncAccessTokenCookie(c, raw, claims)
 		c.Set(CtxUserID, claims.UserID)
 		c.Set(CtxUserRole, claims.Role)
@@ -151,3 +166,8 @@ func extractToken(c *gin.Context) string {
 	}
 	return ""
 }
+
+// ExtractToken 暴露令牌提取逻辑给需要自定义错误契约的移动端中间件。
+func ExtractToken(c *gin.Context) string {
+	return extractToken(c)
+}

internal/middleware/auth_session.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package middleware
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// 会话校验错误。service 层把自己的错误映射到这两个哨兵，避免 middleware
+// 依赖 service 包（auth 服务已经依赖 middleware 的上下文键）。
+var (
+	// ErrSessionRevoked 表示会话已撤销、已过期或不存在：客户端应重新登录。
+	ErrSessionRevoked = errors.New("auth session revoked")
+	// ErrSessionUnavailable 表示暂时无法完成会话校验：客户端应稍后重试。
+	ErrSessionUnavailable = errors.New("auth session unavailable")
+)
+
+// SessionValidator 校验认证会话是否仍属于该用户。
+type SessionValidator func(ctx context.Context, sessionID, userID string) error
+
+var (
+	sessionValidatorMu sync.RWMutex
+	sessionValidator   SessionValidator
+)
+
+// SetSessionValidator 注册全局会话校验器；传 nil 表示关闭校验（旧装配路径）。
+func SetSessionValidator(fn SessionValidator) {
+	sessionValidatorMu.Lock()
+	defer sessionValidatorMu.Unlock()
+	sessionValidator = fn
+}
+
+// ValidateAuthSession 使用已注册的校验器检查 sid。未注册校验器时放行，
+// 以保持旧测试和嵌入式调用的兼容行为。
+func ValidateAuthSession(ctx context.Context, sessionID, userID string) error {
+	sessionID = strings.TrimSpace(sessionID)
+	if sessionID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sessionValidatorMu.RLock()
+	fn := sessionValidator
+	sessionValidatorMu.RUnlock()
+	if fn == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return fn(ctx, sessionID, userID)
+}

internal/middleware/middleware.go

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ const (
 	CtxUserTier     = "ctx_user_tier"
 	CtxTokenPurpose = "ctx_token_purpose"
 	CtxTokenMediaID = "ctx_token_media_id"
+	// CtxAuthSessionID 保存已校验的设备认证会话 ID（新协议令牌才有）。
+	CtxAuthSessionID = "ctx_auth_session_id"
 
 	// AccessTokenCookieName carries the web access token for browser-managed
 	// resource requests such as <img>, which cannot attach Authorization.

internal/model/auth_session.go

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// AuthSession 是可撤销的设备认证会话。
+//
+// 会话与刷新令牌的关系是 1:N：一次登录创建一个会话，之后每次轮换刷新
+// 令牌都继续归属同一会话。访问令牌通过 JWT 的 sid 字段引用会话，因此
+// 服务端可以在 JWT 尚未过期时立即撤销某台设备的访问能力。
+//
+// 旧客户端没有会话关联（sid 为空），继续走既有兼容路径；本模型不强制
+// 把历史刷新令牌绑定到任何设备。
+type AuthSession struct {
+	ID            string     `gorm:"primaryKey;size:36" json:"id"`
+	UserID        string     `gorm:"index;size:36;not null" json:"user_id"`
+	DeviceID      string     `gorm:"index:idx_auth_session_device,priority:1;size:128;not null" json:"device_id"`
+	DeviceName    string     `gorm:"size:128" json:"device_name,omitempty"`
+	ClientName    string     `gorm:"size:64" json:"client_name,omitempty"`
+	ClientVersion string     `gorm:"size:64" json:"client_version,omitempty"`
+	Revoked       bool       `gorm:"not null;default:false" json:"revoked"`
+	RevokedAt     *time.Time `json:"revoked_at,omitempty"`
+	LastUsedAt    time.Time  `json:"last_used_at"`
+	ExpiresAt     time.Time  `gorm:"index" json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt     time.Time  `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt     time.Time  `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+// BeforeCreate 生成 UUID 主键。
+func (s *AuthSession) BeforeCreate(_ *gorm.DB) error {
+	if s.ID == "" {
+		s.ID = uuid.NewString()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsExpired 判断会话是否超过最长有效期。
+func (s *AuthSession) IsExpired() bool {
+	return s != nil && !s.ExpiresAt.IsZero() && time.Now().After(s.ExpiresAt)
+}
+
+// IsValid 判断会话当前是否可继续使用。
+func (s *AuthSession) IsValid() bool {
+	return s != nil && !s.Revoked && !s.IsExpired()
+}

internal/model/background_task.go

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package model
+
+import "time"
+
+// BackgroundTaskRecord persists the operator-facing lifecycle of scan,
+// organize, and other long-running application tasks.
+type BackgroundTaskRecord struct {
+	ID         string     `gorm:"primaryKey;size:36" json:"id"`
+	Kind       string     `gorm:"index;size:32;not null" json:"kind"`
+	Name       string     `gorm:"size:255;not null" json:"name"`
+	Status     string     `gorm:"index;size:24;not null" json:"status"`
+	Stage      string     `gorm:"size:64" json:"stage"`
+	SourcePath string     `gorm:"size:2048" json:"source_path"`
+	DestPath   string     `gorm:"size:2048" json:"dest_path"`
+	Message    string     `gorm:"type:text" json:"message"`
+	Error      string     `gorm:"type:text" json:"error"`
+	Details    string     `gorm:"type:text" json:"details"`
+	Metrics    string     `gorm:"type:text" json:"metrics"`
+	Items      string     `gorm:"type:text" json:"items"`
+	StartedAt  time.Time  `gorm:"index" json:"started_at"`
+	UpdatedAt  time.Time  `json:"updated_at"`
+	FinishedAt *time.Time `json:"finished_at,omitempty"`
+}

internal/model/library_media.go

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package model
 
+import "time"
+
 // Library 表示一个逻辑媒体库。Path 保留为兼容字段，指向第一条 LibraryRoot。
 type Library struct {
 	Base
@@ -26,13 +28,20 @@ type LibraryRoot struct {
 // Media 是单个可播放项。剧集链接到 SeriesID；电影 SeriesID == ""。
 type Media struct {
 	Base
-	LibraryID       string  `gorm:"index;size:36;index:idx_media_library_release,priority:1" json:"library_id"`
-	LibraryRootID   string  `gorm:"index;size:36" json:"library_root_id,omitempty"`
-	SeriesID        string  `gorm:"index;size:128" json:"series_id,omitempty"`
-	Title           string  `gorm:"size:255;not null" json:"title"`
-	OriginalName    string  `gorm:"size:255" json:"original_name,omitempty"`
-	EpisodeTitle    string  `gorm:"size:255" json:"episode_title,omitempty"`
-	Path            string  `gorm:"uniqueIndex;size:1024;not null" json:"path"`
+	AvailabilityState string     `gorm:"index;size:16;not null;default:available" json:"availability_state"`
+	MissingSince      *time.Time `json:"missing_since,omitempty"`
+	LastSeenAt        *time.Time `json:"last_seen_at,omitempty"`
+	LibraryID         string     `gorm:"index;size:36;index:idx_media_library_release,priority:1" json:"library_id"`
+	LibraryRootID     string     `gorm:"index;size:36" json:"library_root_id,omitempty"`
+	SeriesID          string     `gorm:"index;size:128" json:"series_id,omitempty"`
+	Title             string     `gorm:"size:255;not null" json:"title"`
+	OriginalName      string     `gorm:"size:255" json:"original_name,omitempty"`
+	EpisodeTitle      string     `gorm:"size:255" json:"episode_title,omitempty"`
+	// Path 的唯一性由 database 包按方言显式建索引，这里刻意不用 uniqueIndex：
+	// PostgreSQL 的 btree 单条索引项上限 2704 字节，而 varchar(1024) 在中文路径
+	// 下可达 3072 字节，直接对整列建唯一索引会让长路径的扫描插入直接失败
+	// （SQLite 没有这个限制）。见 database.ensureMediaPathIndex。
+	Path            string  `gorm:"size:1024;not null" json:"path"`
 	RelativePath    string  `gorm:"size:1024" json:"relative_path,omitempty"`
 	SizeBytes       int64   `json:"size_bytes"`
 	DurationSec     int     `json:"duration_sec"`

internal/model/model.go

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ func AllModels() []interface{} {
 		&APIConfig{},
 		&UserPermission{},
 		&RefreshToken{},
+		&AuthSession{},
 		&PlayProfile{},
 		&RegistrationCode{},
 		&SignIn{},
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ func AllModels() []interface{} {
 		&StrmUploadTask{},
 		&StrmDirCache{},
 		&ScrapeTask{},
+		&BackgroundTaskRecord{},
 		&EmbyMount{},
 		&ReaderBookSource{},
 		&ReaderSourceState{},

internal/model/refresh_token.go

@@ -11,12 +11,14 @@ import (
 // RefreshToken 用于双令牌认证机制中的刷新令牌。
 // 存储时使用 SHA256 哈希，原始令牌不存储。
 type RefreshToken struct {
-	ID        string    `gorm:"primaryKey;size:36" json:"id"`
-	UserID    string    `gorm:"index;size:36;not null" json:"user_id"`
-	TokenHash string    `gorm:"uniqueIndex;size:128;not null" json:"-"`
-	ExpiresAt time.Time `gorm:"index" json:"expires_at"`
-	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
-	Revoked   bool      `gorm:"default:false" json:"revoked"`
+	ID        string `gorm:"primaryKey;size:36" json:"id"`
+	UserID    string `gorm:"index;size:36;not null" json:"user_id"`
+	TokenHash string `gorm:"uniqueIndex;size:128;not null" json:"-"`
+	// AuthSessionID 关联移动端设备会话。旧数据为空，继续按既有兼容路径使用。
+	AuthSessionID string    `gorm:"index;size:36" json:"auth_session_id,omitempty"`
+	ExpiresAt     time.Time `gorm:"index" json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt     time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	Revoked       bool      `gorm:"default:false" json:"revoked"`
 }
 
 // BeforeCreate 生成 UUID。

internal/repository/auth_session_repository.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// AuthSessionRepository persists model.AuthSession records.
+type AuthSessionRepository struct{ db *gorm.DB }
+
+// Create inserts a new authentication session.
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, s *model.AuthSession) error {
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Create(s).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// FindByID returns the session or (nil, nil) when absent.
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) FindByID(ctx context.Context, id string) (*model.AuthSession, error) {
+	if id == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	var s model.AuthSession
+	err := withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		s = model.AuthSession{}
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("id = ?", id).First(&s).Error
+	})
+	if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &s, nil
+}
+
+// TouchLastUsed 更新会话最近使用时间。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) TouchLastUsed(ctx context.Context, id string, at time.Time) error {
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.AuthSession{}).
+			Where("id = ? AND revoked = ?", id, false).
+			Update("last_used_at", at).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// Revoke 撤销单个会话（幂等）。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) Revoke(ctx context.Context, id string, at time.Time) error {
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.AuthSession{}).
+			Where("id = ? AND revoked = ?", id, false).
+			Updates(map[string]any{"revoked": true, "revoked_at": at}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// RevokeByUser 撤销某用户的全部会话（幂等）。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) RevokeByUser(ctx context.Context, userID string, at time.Time) error {
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.AuthSession{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND revoked = ?", userID, false).
+			Updates(map[string]any{"revoked": true, "revoked_at": at}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// RevokeByDevice 撤销某用户某设备关联的全部会话（幂等）。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) RevokeByDevice(ctx context.Context, userID, deviceID string, at time.Time) error {
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.AuthSession{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND device_id = ? AND revoked = ?", userID, deviceID, false).
+			Updates(map[string]any{"revoked": true, "revoked_at": at}).Error
+	})
+}
+
+// ListActiveByUser 返回某用户当前有效（未撤销、未过期）的会话。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) ListActiveByUser(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]model.AuthSession, error) {
+	var rows []model.AuthSession
+	err := withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		rows = nil
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND revoked = ? AND expires_at > ?", userID, false, time.Now()).
+			Order("last_used_at desc, created_at desc").
+			Find(&rows).Error
+	})
+	return rows, err
+}
+
+// ListByDevice 返回某用户某设备的全部会话，用于踢出设备时逐个撤销。
+func (r *AuthSessionRepository) ListByDevice(ctx context.Context, userID, deviceID string) ([]model.AuthSession, error) {
+	var rows []model.AuthSession
+	err := withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		rows = nil
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND device_id = ?", userID, deviceID).
+			Find(&rows).Error
+	})
+	return rows, err
+}

internal/repository/dialect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package repository
+
+import "gorm.io/gorm"
+
+// LikeOperator 返回当前方言下「与 SQLite LIKE 行为一致」的模式匹配运算符。
+//
+// SQLite 的 LIKE 对 ASCII 不区分大小写（默认编译选项），PostgreSQL 的 LIKE 区分
+// 大小写、只有 ILIKE 才不区分。同一个搜索词在两种方言下必须给出同样的结果集，
+// 否则换库之后「inception」就再也搜不到「Inception」。
+//
+// 供构造原始 SQL 片段的调用方（含 service 层）使用。
+func LikeOperator(db *gorm.DB) string {
+	return likeOperator(db)
+}
+
+func likeOperator(db *gorm.DB) string {
+	if db != nil && db.Dialector != nil && db.Dialector.Name() == "postgres" {
+		return "ILIKE"
+	}
+	return "LIKE"
+}

internal/repository/dialect_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// TestSegmentPrewarmQueryBindsBooleanFound 守住 PostgreSQL 下片段预取查询的合法性。
+//
+// media_segment_fetches.found 是布尔列，而 PostgreSQL 没有 boolean = integer
+// 运算符：写成 f.found = 0 / = 1 会让计划任务里的片段预取固定报
+//
+//	operator does not exist: boolean = integer (SQLSTATE 42883)
+//
+// SQLite 一直能跑，所以这个错只在 PostgreSQL 上暴露（表现为日志里周期性出现
+// 该错误、片头片尾数据永远补不上）。这里断言语句里只能出现占位符绑定。
+func TestSegmentPrewarmQueryBindsBooleanFound(t *testing.T) {
+	query := segmentPrewarmCandidatesQuery
+	lower := strings.ToLower(query)
+	for _, forbidden := range []string{"found = 0", "found = 1", "found=0", "found=1", "found = true", "found = false"} {
+		if strings.Contains(lower, forbidden) {
+			t.Fatalf("预取查询把布尔列与字面量比较（%q），PostgreSQL 会直接报错：\n%s", forbidden, query)
+		}
+	}
+	if got := strings.Count(query, "f.found = ?"); got != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 placeholder-bound found comparisons, got %d:\n%s", got, query)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestLikeOperatorMatchesSQLiteCaseInsensitivity 守住搜索大小写行为的方言差异。
+//
+// SQLite 的 LIKE 对 ASCII 不区分大小写，PostgreSQL 的 LIKE 区分大小写：同一个
+// 搜索词在两种方言下必须给出同样的结果集，PostgreSQL 必须走 ILIKE。
+func TestLikeOperatorMatchesSQLiteCaseInsensitivity(t *testing.T) {
+	pg, err := gorm.Open(postgres.New(postgres.Config{
+		DSN: "postgres://mebox:mebox@127.0.0.1:5432/mebox?sslmode=disable",
+	}), &gorm.Config{
+		DryRun:                 true,
+		DisableAutomaticPing:   true,
+		SkipDefaultTransaction: true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open dry-run postgres: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := LikeOperator(pg); got != "ILIKE" {
+		t.Fatalf("postgres LikeOperator = %q, want ILIKE", got)
+	}
+	if got := LikeOperator(nil); got != "LIKE" {
+		t.Fatalf("nil LikeOperator = %q, want LIKE", got)
+	}
+}

internal/repository/emby_mount_repository.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package repository
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -89,6 +90,22 @@ func (r *EmbyMountRepository) SetSortOrder(ctx context.Context, ids []string) er
 	})
 }
 
+// SetEnabledByAccountID 批量设置账号下全部挂载的启用状态。
+func (r *EmbyMountRepository) SetEnabledByAccountID(ctx context.Context, accountID string, enabled bool) (int64, error) {
+	var affected int64
+	if strings.TrimSpace(accountID) == "" {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+	err := withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		res := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.EmbyMount{}).
+			Where("account_id = ?", accountID).
+			Updates(map[string]any{"enabled": enabled, "updated_at": time.Now()})
+		affected = res.RowsAffected
+		return res.Error
+	})
+	return affected, err
+}
+
 func (r *EmbyMountRepository) CountByAccountID(ctx context.Context, accountID string) (int64, error) {
 	var count int64
 	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.EmbyMount{}).Where("account_id = ?", accountID).Count(&count).Error

internal/repository/history_repository.go

@@ -33,6 +33,20 @@ func (r *HistoryRepository) UpsertProgress(ctx context.Context, h *model.Playbac
 	return r.upsert(ctx, h, true)
 }
 
+// historyColumn 生成「当前表」限定的列引用。
+//
+// PostgreSQL 的 ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE ... WHERE 里，未限定的列名会同时可解析到
+// 目标表和本次插入的行，于是报
+//
+//	column reference "session_started_at_ms" is ambiguous (SQLSTATE 42702)
+//
+// 结果是 POST /api/history 一律 500，观看进度与续播完全存不下来。SQLite 不做这项
+// 检查，所以这个错只在 PostgreSQL 上暴露。clause.CurrentTable 由 GORM 在构建语句
+// 时替换成真实表名，两种方言都能正确渲染。
+func historyColumn(name string) clause.Column {
+	return clause.Column{Table: clause.CurrentTable, Name: name}
+}
+
 func (r *HistoryRepository) upsert(ctx context.Context, h *model.PlaybackHistory, versioned bool) error {
 	updates := playbackHistoryAssignments(h)
 	if versioned {
@@ -49,16 +63,16 @@ func (r *HistoryRepository) upsert(ctx context.Context, h *model.PlaybackHistory
 		onConflict.Where = clause.Where{Exprs: []clause.Expression{
 			clause.Or(
 				clause.Lt{
-					Column: clause.Column{Name: "session_started_at_ms"},
+					Column: historyColumn("session_started_at_ms"),
 					Value:  h.SessionStartedAtMs,
 				},
 				clause.And(
 					clause.Eq{
-						Column: clause.Column{Name: "session_started_at_ms"},
+						Column: historyColumn("session_started_at_ms"),
 						Value:  h.SessionStartedAtMs,
 					},
 					clause.Lte{
-						Column: clause.Column{Name: "sequence"},
+						Column: historyColumn("sequence"),
 						Value:  h.Sequence,
 					},
 				),

internal/repository/history_repository_dialect_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// TestHistoryProgressUpsertQualifiesConflictWhereColumns 守住 PostgreSQL 下进度上报
+// 的 upsert 语句合法性。
+//
+// ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE 的 WHERE 里如果不给列名加表限定，PostgreSQL 会因为这些列
+// 同时出现在本次插入的行里而拒绝该语句：
+//
+//	column reference "session_started_at_ms" is ambiguous (SQLSTATE 42702)
+//
+// 后果是 POST /api/history 全部 500，观看进度与续播完全存不下来。SQLite 不做这项
+// 检查（旧写法在 SQLite 下一直正常），所以只能在 PostgreSQL 方言下断言。
+func TestHistoryProgressUpsertQualifiesConflictWhereColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	repos, rec := newPostgresDryRunRepos(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	if err := repos.History.UpsertProgress(ctx, &model.PlaybackHistory{
+		UserID:             "u-1",
+		MediaID:            "m-1",
+		PositionMs:         1_000,
+		DurationMs:         2_000,
+		SessionID:          "session-1",
+		SessionStartedAtMs: 111,
+		Sequence:           2,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("build upsert: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	sql := rec.all()
+	if strings.TrimSpace(sql) == "" {
+		t.Fatal("no SQL captured from UpsertProgress")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(sql, "ON CONFLICT") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected an ON CONFLICT upsert, got:\n%s", sql)
+	}
+
+	// 只看 ON CONFLICT 之后的部分：SET 的赋值目标和 CASE 里的 duration_ms 引用
+	// 属于另一套语法规则，不在这里断言。
+	conflict := sql[strings.Index(sql, "ON CONFLICT"):]
+	whereIdx := strings.Index(conflict, " WHERE ")
+	if whereIdx < 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("ON CONFLICT clause has no DO UPDATE ... WHERE guard:\n%s", sql)
+	}
+	where := conflict[whereIdx:]
+
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		`"playback_histories"."session_started_at_ms"`,
+		`"playback_histories"."sequence"`,
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(where, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("DO UPDATE WHERE is missing the table-qualified %s; it is ambiguous on PostgreSQL:\n%s", want, sql)
+		}
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(where, `("session_started_at_ms"`) || strings.Contains(where, ` AND "sequence"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("DO UPDATE WHERE still references unqualified columns:\n%s", sql)
+	}
+}

internal/repository/media_repository.go

@@ -63,38 +63,38 @@ type MediaQueryFilter struct {
 
 func applyMediaQueryFilter(q *gorm.DB, filter MediaQueryFilter) *gorm.DB {
 	if !filter.IncludeNSFW {
-		q = q.Where("nsfw = ?", false)
+		q = q.Where("media.nsfw = ?", false)
 	}
 	if len(filter.HiddenLibraryIDs) > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("library_id NOT IN ?", filter.HiddenLibraryIDs)
+		q = q.Where("media.library_id NOT IN ?", filter.HiddenLibraryIDs)
 	}
 	if len(filter.AllowedLibraryIDs) > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("library_id IN ?", filter.AllowedLibraryIDs)
+		q = q.Where("media.library_id IN ?", filter.AllowedLibraryIDs)
 	}
 	if libraryID := strings.TrimSpace(filter.LibraryID); libraryID != "" {
-		q = q.Where("library_id = ?", libraryID)
+		q = q.Where("media.library_id = ?", libraryID)
 	}
 	if seriesID := strings.TrimSpace(filter.SeriesID); seriesID != "" {
-		q = q.Where("series_id = ?", seriesID)
+		q = q.Where("media.series_id = ?", seriesID)
 	}
 	if len(filter.Genres) > 0 {
 		q = q.Where(genreMatchClause(filter.Genres), genreMatchArgs(filter.Genres)...)
 	}
 	if filter.YearMin > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("year >= ?", filter.YearMin)
+		q = q.Where("media.year >= ?", filter.YearMin)
 	}
 	if filter.YearMax > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("year <= ?", filter.YearMax)
+		q = q.Where("media.year <= ?", filter.YearMax)
 	}
 	if filter.RatingMin > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("rating >= ?", filter.RatingMin)
+		q = q.Where("media.rating >= ?", filter.RatingMin)
 	}
 	if filter.UnwatchedOnly {
 		userID := strings.TrimSpace(filter.UnwatchedUserID)
 		// 没有用户上下文时忽略该条件：否则会把整个库筛成空，看起来像「坏了」。
 		if userID != "" {
 			q = q.Where(
-				"id NOT IN (SELECT media_id FROM playback_histories WHERE user_id = ? AND completed = ?)",
+				"media.id NOT IN (SELECT media_id FROM playback_histories WHERE user_id = ? AND completed = ?)",
 				userID, true,
 			)
 		}
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func applyMediaQueryFilter(q *gorm.DB, filter MediaQueryFilter) *gorm.DB {
 func genreMatchClause(genres []string) string {
 	clauses := make([]string, 0, len(genres))
 	for range genres {
-		clauses = append(clauses, "',' || REPLACE(REPLACE(TRIM(genres), ' ', ''), '，', ',') || ',' LIKE ?")
+		clauses = append(clauses, "',' || REPLACE(REPLACE(TRIM(media.genres), ' ', ''), '，', ',') || ',' LIKE ?")
 	}
 	return "(" + strings.Join(clauses, " OR ") + ")"
 }
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func genreMatchClause(genres []string) string {
 //
 // 必须与 genreMatchClause 的列端处理完全对称：
 //   - TRIM                   → TrimSpace
-//   - REPLACE(…, ' ', '')    → ReplaceAll(…, " ", "")   ← 多词类型（如 "Science Fiction"）
+//   - REPLACE(…, ' ', ”)    → ReplaceAll(…, " ", "")   ← 多词类型（如 "Science Fiction"）
 //   - REPLACE(…, '，', ',')  → ReplaceAll(…, "，", ",")
 func genreMatchArgs(genres []string) []any {
 	args := make([]any, 0, len(genres))
@@ -178,14 +178,6 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) YearRange(ctx context.Context, filter MediaQueryFilter
 	return min, max, nil
 }
 
-func (r *MediaRepository) indexMediaBestEffort(ctx context.Context, media model.Media) {
-	backend, ok := r.searchBackend.(MediaSearchSyncBackend)
-	if !ok {
-		return
-	}
-	_ = backend.IndexMedia(ctx, []model.Media{media})
-}
-
 // FindByID returns the media row or (nil, nil).
 func (r *MediaRepository) FindByID(ctx context.Context, id string) (*model.Media, error) {
 	var m model.Media

internal/repository/media_repository_upsert.go

@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 )
@@ -95,12 +97,34 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) UpsertBatchWithAliases(ctx context.Context, items []Me
 
 // indexByIDBestEffort 在事务提交后按 ID 回读最新行并同步搜索索引。
 func (r *MediaRepository) indexByIDBestEffort(ctx context.Context, ids []string) {
+	backend, ok := r.searchBackend.(MediaSearchSyncBackend)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	unique := make([]string, 0, len(ids))
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(ids))
 	for _, id := range ids {
 		if id == "" {
 			continue
 		}
-		if fresh, err := r.FindByID(ctx, id); err == nil && fresh != nil {
-			r.indexMediaBestEffort(ctx, *fresh)
+		if _, exists := seen[id]; !exists {
+			seen[id] = struct{}{}
+			unique = append(unique, id)
+		}
+	}
+	// Read committed rows and submit one bulk per bounded batch. Keep network
+	// work outside the transaction and below SQLite's parameter limit.
+	const batchSize = 500
+	for start := 0; start < len(unique); start += batchSize {
+		batch := unique[start:min(start+batchSize, len(unique))]
+		rows, err := r.ListMediaByIDs(ctx, batch)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = backend.IndexMedia(ctx, rows)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			// The primary write has committed; do not report a failed upsert and
+			// make scanners repeat it. Surface the separate index failure instead.
+			r.db.Logger.Error(ctx, "media saved but search index sync failed for %d items: %v", len(batch), err)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -115,7 +139,12 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) upsertWithDB(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, m *mode
 		return m.ID, nil
 	}
 
-	updates := mediaUpsertUpdates(existing, *m)
+	// 孤儿行回收：原库已被删除时（DeleteLibrary 硬删库行；扫描与删除并发时扫描也会
+	// 把行写回已删库），这条行会钉死在不存在的 library_id 上。media.path 是全局唯一
+	// 索引，重扫既插不进同路径新行，又因 LibraryID 非空而拒绝迁移归属，于是新库/重建库
+	// 永远查不到这些条目（表现为"扫描明明有文件，库却是空的"）。这里显式识别并允许迁移。
+	reclaimLibrary := r.mediaRowLibraryIsOrphaned(ctx, db, existing.LibraryID, m.LibraryID, m.Path)
+	updates := mediaUpsertUpdates(existing, *m, reclaimLibrary)
 	if adopted {
 		updates["path"] = m.Path
 		if existing.DeletedAt.Valid {
@@ -135,10 +164,52 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) upsertWithDB(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, m *mode
 		existing.Path = m.Path
 		existing.DeletedAt = gorm.DeletedAt{}
 	}
+	if _, ok := updates["availability_state"]; ok {
+		existing.AvailabilityState = "available"
+		existing.MissingSince = nil
+		now := updates["last_seen_at"].(time.Time)
+		existing.LastSeenAt = &now
+	}
 	*m = existing
 	return existing.ID, nil
 }
 
+// mediaRowLibraryIsOrphaned reports whether a media row is still pinned to a
+// library that no longer exists.
+//
+// 删除媒体库会硬删库行（见 MediaService.DeleteLibrary），但扫描与删除并发时，
+// 已在途的扫描仍可能把这批文件写回已删库的 library_id；历史数据里也可能留下
+// 指向早已消失的库的行。因为 media.path 是全局唯一索引，这些行一旦存在：
+//  1. 重扫无法插入同路径的新行（唯一约束冲突）；
+//  2. addMediaPlacementUpdates 又因为 existing.LibraryID 非空而拒绝迁移归属。
+//
+// 结果就是新库 / 重建的同名库永远查不到这些条目，扫描报告有文件而库显示为空。
+// 这里把"原库已不存在"这种情况单独判定出来，交给扫描把归属迁移到当前库。
+func (r *MediaRepository) mediaRowLibraryIsOrphaned(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, existingLibraryID, incomingLibraryID, incomingPath string) bool {
+	existingLibraryID = strings.TrimSpace(existingLibraryID)
+	incomingLibraryID = strings.TrimSpace(incomingLibraryID)
+	// 归属未变或原行为空（后者走既有的回填分支）时无需查库。
+	if existingLibraryID == "" || existingLibraryID == incomingLibraryID {
+		return false
+	}
+	// 云盘媒体的归属迁移由 addMediaPlacementUpdates 无条件处理，无需再查库。
+	if strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(incomingPath)), "cloud://") {
+		return false
+	}
+	if db == nil || !db.Migrator().HasTable(&model.Library{}) {
+		return false
+	}
+	var count int64
+	// 刻意不加 Unscoped：软删除的库同样不再出现在库里，挂在它下面的媒体行
+	// 也属于"查不到"的孤儿，一并允许回收。查询失败时保守处理：宁可保留旧
+	// 归属，也不要把仍有效的库误判成孤儿。
+	if err := db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.Library{}).
+		Where("id = ?", existingLibraryID).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return count == 0
+}
+
 func (r *MediaRepository) findOrCreateMediaByPath(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, m *model.Media, aliasPaths []string) (model.Media, bool, bool, error) {
 	var existing model.Media
 	err := db.WithContext(ctx).Unscoped().Where("path = ?", m.Path).First(&existing).Error
@@ -152,14 +223,23 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) findOrCreateMediaByPath(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.
 		if m.ScrapeStatus == "" {
 			m.ScrapeStatus = "pending"
 		}
-		if createErr := db.WithContext(ctx).Create(m).Error; createErr == nil {
-			return *m, true, false, nil
-		} else if retryErr := db.WithContext(ctx).Unscoped().Where("path = ?", m.Path).First(&existing).Error; retryErr != nil {
-			return model.Media{}, false, false, createErr
-		} else {
-			// 并发插入竞态：重查已命中既有行，直接走更新分支。
-			return existing, false, false, nil
+		now := time.Now()
+		m.AvailabilityState = "available"
+		m.MissingSince = nil
+		m.LastSeenAt = &now
+		// PostgreSQL 唯一键异常会中止整个事务，之后重查也会失败。
+		// DO NOTHING 保持事务可用，并兼容 path 的表达式唯一索引。
+		result := db.WithContext(ctx).Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}).Create(m)
+		if result.Error != nil {
+			return model.Media{}, false, false, result.Error
 		}
+		if result.RowsAffected > 0 {
+			return *m, true, false, nil
+		}
+		if err := db.WithContext(ctx).Unscoped().Where("path = ?", m.Path).First(&existing).Error; err != nil {
+			return model.Media{}, false, false, err
+		}
+		return existing, false, false, nil
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return model.Media{}, false, false, err
@@ -194,14 +274,19 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) findMediaByAlias(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, cur
 	return existing, err
 }
 
-func mediaUpsertUpdates(existing, incoming model.Media) map[string]any {
+func mediaUpsertUpdates(existing, incoming model.Media, reclaimLibrary bool) map[string]any {
 	updates := map[string]any{}
+	if existing.AvailabilityState != "available" || existing.MissingSince != nil {
+		updates["availability_state"] = "available"
+		updates["missing_since"] = nil
+		updates["last_seen_at"] = time.Now()
+	}
 	addMediaFileScanUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
 	addMediaTitleUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
 	addMediaExternalIDUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
 	addMatchedMediaMetadataUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
 	addMediaArtworkUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
-	addMediaPlacementUpdates(updates, existing, incoming)
+	addMediaPlacementUpdates(updates, existing, incoming, reclaimLibrary)
 	addMediaSTRMUpdate(updates, existing, incoming)
 	return updates
 }
@@ -308,13 +393,15 @@ func addMediaArtworkUpdates(updates map[string]any, existing, incoming model.Med
 	}
 }
 
-func addMediaPlacementUpdates(updates map[string]any, existing, incoming model.Media) {
+func addMediaPlacementUpdates(updates map[string]any, existing, incoming model.Media, reclaimLibrary bool) {
 	// 云盘媒体：同一 cloud:// 文件可能先被父目录库扫描入库，之后用户按二级
 	// 分类重新挂载/扫描到更精确的分类库。此时让 library_id 迁移到当前扫描库，
 	// 否则媒体被钉死在旧库、新分类库里看不到(表现为"媒体部分消失")。
-	// 本地媒体物理位置固定：仅在原 library_id 为空时回填，不迁移。
+	// 本地媒体物理位置固定：仅在原 library_id 为空、或原库已不存在（孤儿行，
+	// reclaimLibrary）时才回填/迁移，既避免把仍属于其他库的本地媒体抢走，
+	// 又能让扫描回收被删除库遗留的行。
 	if isCloudMediaPath := strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(incoming.Path)), "cloud://"); incoming.LibraryID != "" && incoming.LibraryID != existing.LibraryID {
-		if isCloudMediaPath || existing.LibraryID == "" {
+		if isCloudMediaPath || existing.LibraryID == "" || reclaimLibrary {
 			updates["library_id"] = incoming.LibraryID
 		}
 	}

internal/repository/media_search_repository.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"unicode"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 )
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) searchFilteredFTS(ctx context.Context, query string, o
 		Joins("JOIN media_search_fts ON media_search_fts.rowid = media.rowid").
 		Where("media.deleted_at IS NULL").
 		Where("media_search_fts MATCH ?", ftsQuery)
-	q = applyQualifiedMediaQueryFilter(q, filter)
+	q = applyMediaQueryFilter(q, filter)
 	if err := q.Count(&total).Error; err != nil {
 		return nil, 0, false
 	}
@@ -106,11 +107,8 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) searchFilteredLIKE(ctx context.Context, query string,
 	q := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.Media{})
 	q = applyMediaQueryFilter(q, filter)
 	// SQLite 的 LIKE 对 ASCII 不区分大小写；Postgres 的 LIKE 区分大小写，
-	// 需用 ILIKE 保持两端搜索行为一致。
-	likeOp := "LIKE"
-	if r.db.Dialector != nil && r.db.Dialector.Name() == "postgres" {
-		likeOp = "ILIKE"
-	}
+	// 需用 ILIKE 保持两端搜索行为一致（见 dialect.go 的 likeOperator）。
+	likeOp := likeOperator(r.db)
 	terms := mediaSearchTerms(query)
 	for _, term := range terms {
 		like := "%" + escapeLike(term) + "%"
@@ -125,10 +123,10 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) searchFilteredLIKE(ctx context.Context, query string,
 	if query != "" {
 		prefix := escapeLike(query) + "%"
 		exact := query
-		q = q.Order(gorm.Expr(
+		q = q.Order(clause.OrderBy{Expression: gorm.Expr(
 			"CASE WHEN title = ? THEN 0 WHEN original_name = ? THEN 1 WHEN title "+likeOp+" ? ESCAPE '\\' THEN 2 WHEN original_name "+likeOp+" ? ESCAPE '\\' THEN 3 ELSE 4 END, created_at desc",
 			exact, exact, prefix, prefix,
-		))
+		)})
 	} else {
 		q = q.Order("created_at desc")
 	}
@@ -136,22 +134,6 @@ func (r *MediaRepository) searchFilteredLIKE(ctx context.Context, query string,
 	return items, total, err
 }
 
-func applyQualifiedMediaQueryFilter(q *gorm.DB, filter MediaQueryFilter) *gorm.DB {
-	if !filter.IncludeNSFW {
-		q = q.Where("media.nsfw = ?", false)
-	}
-	if len(filter.HiddenLibraryIDs) > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("media.library_id NOT IN ?", filter.HiddenLibraryIDs)
-	}
-	if len(filter.AllowedLibraryIDs) > 0 {
-		q = q.Where("media.library_id IN ?", filter.AllowedLibraryIDs)
-	}
-	if seriesID := strings.TrimSpace(filter.SeriesID); seriesID != "" {
-		q = q.Where("media.series_id = ?", seriesID)
-	}
-	return q
-}
-
 func mediaFTSQuery(query string) string {
 	terms := mediaSearchTerms(query)
 	if len(terms) == 0 {

internal/repository/media_segment_repository.go

@@ -86,21 +86,15 @@ func (r *MediaSegmentRepository) UpsertFetch(ctx context.Context, row *model.Med
 	return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Clauses(onConflict).Create(row).Error
 }
 
-// ListPrewarmCandidates returns media that should be refreshed from source:
-// no ledger, expired miss (fetched_at < missBefore), or expired hit (fetched_at < hitBefore).
-// Recently played items come first so hot titles recover coverage sooner.
-func (r *MediaSegmentRepository) ListPrewarmCandidates(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	source string,
-	missBefore, hitBefore time.Time,
-	limit int,
-) ([]model.Media, error) {
-	if r == nil || limit <= 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	rows := make([]model.Media, 0, limit)
-	// 可查询：有 TMDb，且是剧集（有季集）或电影（无季集）。
-	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Raw(`
+// segmentPrewarmCandidatesQuery 是片段预取候选查询。
+//
+// 抽成包级常量是为了让方言相关的回归测试能直接断言语句文本：DryRun 模式下
+// GORM 不会把 Raw 语句交给 logger，无法从执行路径上捕获生成后的 SQL。
+//
+// 注意 found 必须用占位符绑定布尔值，不能写 f.found = 0 / = 1：
+// PostgreSQL 没有 boolean = integer 运算符，那样写会固定报 SQLSTATE 42883
+// （SQLite 宽容，所以只在 PostgreSQL 上暴露）。
+const segmentPrewarmCandidatesQuery = `
 SELECT m.*
 FROM media m
 LEFT JOIN media_segment_fetches f
@@ -119,11 +113,29 @@ WHERE m.deleted_at IS NULL
   )
   AND (
     f.id IS NULL
-    OR (f.found = 0 AND f.fetched_at < ?)
-    OR (f.found = 1 AND f.fetched_at < ?)
+    OR (f.found = ? AND f.fetched_at < ?)
+    OR (f.found = ? AND f.fetched_at < ?)
   )
 ORDER BY ph.last_played DESC
 LIMIT ?
-`, source, missBefore, hitBefore, limit).Scan(&rows).Error
+`
+
+// ListPrewarmCandidates returns media that should be refreshed from source:
+// no ledger, expired miss (fetched_at < missBefore), or expired hit (fetched_at < hitBefore).
+// Recently played items come first so hot titles recover coverage sooner.
+func (r *MediaSegmentRepository) ListPrewarmCandidates(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	source string,
+	missBefore, hitBefore time.Time,
+	limit int,
+) ([]model.Media, error) {
+	if r == nil || limit <= 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	rows := make([]model.Media, 0, limit)
+	// 可查询：有 TMDb，且是剧集（有季集）或电影（无季集）。
+	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Raw(segmentPrewarmCandidatesQuery, source, false, missBefore, true, hitBefore, limit).
+		Scan(&rows).Error
 	return rows, err
 }

internal/repository/media_series_index.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// MediaSeriesIndexColumns 是解析剧集归组 key 所需的全部列。
+//
+// 剧集归组（首页「最近添加」、媒体库卡片）必须看到整库每一行才能算出正确的
+// key 和集数，因此不能只用 SQL 顶端的几行。但整行扫描会把 overview、genres、
+// strm_url 这些大文本列一并读进来再丢掉：7k 行规模下驱动层的逐列 bind 占了
+// 绝大部分耗时（实测 ~60%）。这里只取归组真正用到的列，卡片代表行在选出
+// 前 N 个剧集后按 id 再补一次完整行。
+const MediaSeriesIndexColumns = "" +
+	"id, created_at, updated_at, library_id, library_root_id, series_id, " +
+	"title, original_name, path, poster_url, backdrop_url, " +
+	"year, release_date, season_num, episode_num, episode_fraction, " +
+	"tm_db_id, bangumi_id, douban_id, thetvdb_id, " +
+	"width, height, size_bytes, video_codec, audio_codec, container, nsfw"
+
+// ListMediaSeriesIndex 按 created_at 倒序返回可见媒体的「归组投影」。
+//
+// 与 SearchFiltered 的区别：
+//   - 不做 COUNT(*)（调用方不需要总数，7k 行时这一条 SQL 白跑一遍全表）；
+//   - 只 SELECT 归组所需列，避免大文本列的解码与内存拷贝。
+func (r *MediaRepository) ListMediaSeriesIndex(ctx context.Context, limit int, filter MediaQueryFilter) ([]model.Media, error) {
+	var items []model.Media
+	q := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.Media{}).
+		Select(MediaSeriesIndexColumns).
+		Order("created_at desc")
+	q = applyMediaQueryFilter(q, filter)
+	if limit > 0 {
+		q = q.Limit(limit)
+	}
+	if err := q.Find(&items).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+// ListMediaByIDs 按 ID 批量取完整行（用于补齐剧集卡片的代表行）。
+func (r *MediaRepository) ListMediaByIDs(ctx context.Context, ids []string) ([]model.Media, error) {
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	var items []model.Media
+	if err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("id IN ?", ids).Find(&items).Error; err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}

internal/repository/opensearch.go

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
@@ -135,14 +137,113 @@ func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) EnsureIndex(ctx context.Context) error {
 }
 
 func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) IndexMedia(ctx context.Context, rows []model.Media) error {
+	const batchSize = 500
+	var failures []error
+	for start := 0; start < len(rows); start += batchSize {
+		if err := b.indexMediaBatch(ctx, rows[start:min(start+batchSize, len(rows))]); err != nil {
+			failures = append(failures, err)
+			if ctx.Err() != nil {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return errors.Join(failures...)
+}
+
+type openSearchBulkResponse struct {
+	Errors bool `json:"errors"`
+	Items  []struct {
+		Index struct {
+			ID     string `json:"_id"`
+			Status int    `json:"status"`
+			Error  *struct {
+				Type string `json:"type"`
+			} `json:"error"`
+		} `json:"index"`
+	} `json:"items"`
+}
+
+func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) indexMediaBatch(ctx context.Context, rows []model.Media) error {
 	if len(rows) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
+	pending := rows
+	var failures []error
+	const attempts = 3
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < attempts; attempt++ {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			return errors.Join(append(failures, err)...)
+		}
+		if attempt > 0 {
+			timer := time.NewTimer(time.Duration(100*(1<<(attempt-1))) * time.Millisecond)
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				timer.Stop()
+				return errors.Join(append(failures, ctx.Err())...)
+			case <-timer.C:
+			}
+		}
+		response, err := b.submitMediaBulk(ctx, pending)
+		if err != nil {
+			if retryableOpenSearchError(err) && attempt < attempts-1 {
+				continue
+			}
+			return errors.Join(append(failures, err)...)
+		}
+		if len(response.Items) != len(pending) {
+			return errors.Join(append(failures, fmt.Errorf("opensearch bulk returned %d item results for %d documents", len(response.Items), len(pending)))...)
+		}
+		var retry []model.Media
+		failed := false
+		for i, item := range response.Items {
+			result := item.Index
+			if result.Status >= 200 && result.Status < 300 && result.Error == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			failed = true
+			if retryableOpenSearchStatus(result.Status) && attempt < attempts-1 {
+				retry = append(retry, pending[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			errorType := "unknown"
+			if result.Error != nil {
+				errorType = result.Error.Type
+			}
+			failures = append(failures, fmt.Errorf("opensearch bulk document %q failed: status %d (%s)", pending[i].ID, result.Status, errorType))
+		}
+		if response.Errors && !failed {
+			failures = append(failures, errors.New("opensearch bulk reported errors without failed item results"))
+		}
+		if len(retry) == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		pending = retry
+	}
+	return errors.Join(failures...)
+}
+
+func retryableOpenSearchStatus(status int) bool {
+	return status == http.StatusRequestTimeout || status == http.StatusTooManyRequests || status >= 500
+}
+
+func retryableOpenSearchError(err error) bool {
+	var statusError *openSearchHTTPError
+	if errors.As(err, &statusError) {
+		return retryableOpenSearchStatus(statusError.status)
+	}
+	var networkError net.Error
+	return errors.As(err, &networkError)
+}
+
+func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) submitMediaBulk(ctx context.Context, rows []model.Media) (*openSearchBulkResponse, error) {
+	if len(rows) == 0 {
+		return &openSearchBulkResponse{}, nil
+	}
 	var bulk bytes.Buffer
 	enc := json.NewEncoder(&bulk)
 	for _, row := range rows {
 		if err := enc.Encode(map[string]any{"index": map[string]any{"_index": b.index, "_id": row.ID}}); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 		if err := enc.Encode(map[string]any{
 			"id":            row.ID,
@@ -155,10 +256,24 @@ func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) IndexMedia(ctx context.Context, rows []model.Me
 			"deleted":       row.DeletedAt.Valid,
 			"created_at":    row.CreatedAt,
 		}); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
-	return b.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/_bulk", &bulk, "application/x-ndjson", nil)
+	var response openSearchBulkResponse
+	if err := b.do(ctx, http.MethodPost, "/_bulk", &bulk, "application/x-ndjson", &response); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &response, nil
+}
+
+type openSearchHTTPError struct {
+	method string
+	path   string
+	status int
+}
+
+func (e *openSearchHTTPError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("opensearch %s %s returned %d", e.method, e.path, e.status)
 }
 
 func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) doJSON(ctx context.Context, method, path string, body any, out any) error {
@@ -190,7 +305,7 @@ func (b *OpenSearchMediaBackend) do(ctx context.Context, method, path string, bo
 	}
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("opensearch %s %s returned %d", method, path, resp.StatusCode)
+		return &openSearchHTTPError{method: method, path: path, status: resp.StatusCode}
 	}
 	if out == nil {
 		_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)

internal/repository/opensearch_test.go

@@ -1,12 +1,23 @@
 package repository
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/glebarez/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 )
 
 func TestOpenSearchMediaBackendSearchesIDs(t *testing.T) {
@@ -55,3 +66,156 @@ func TestOpenSearchMediaBackendSearchesIDs(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("ids=%#v total=%d", ids, total)
 	}
 }
+
+func bulkRequestIDs(r *http.Request) []string {
+	var ids []string
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r.Body)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		var action struct {
+			Index struct {
+				ID string `json:"_id"`
+			} `json:"index"`
+		}
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(scanner.Bytes(), &action)
+		ids = append(ids, action.Index.ID)
+		if !scanner.Scan() {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+func writeBulkResults(w http.ResponseWriter, ids []string, statuses map[string]int) {
+	items := make([]any, 0, len(ids))
+	failed := false
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		status := statuses[id]
+		if status == 0 {
+			status = http.StatusCreated
+		}
+		result := map[string]any{"_id": id, "status": status}
+		if status >= 400 {
+			failed = true
+			result["error"] = map[string]any{"type": "test_failure"}
+		}
+		items = append(items, map[string]any{"index": result})
+	}
+	_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{"errors": failed, "items": items})
+}
+
+func TestOpenSearchBulkRetriesOnlyTransientFailedDocuments(t *testing.T) {
+	var requests [][]string
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		ids := bulkRequestIDs(r)
+		requests = append(requests, ids)
+		statuses := map[string]int{}
+		if len(requests) == 1 {
+			statuses["retry"] = http.StatusTooManyRequests
+			statuses["invalid"] = http.StatusBadRequest
+		}
+		writeBulkResults(w, ids, statuses)
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+	backend := NewOpenSearchMediaBackend(config.SearchConfig{Backend: "opensearch", OpenSearchURL: upstream.URL})
+	rows := []model.Media{{Base: model.Base{ID: "ok"}}, {Base: model.Base{ID: "retry"}}, {Base: model.Base{ID: "invalid"}}}
+	err := backend.IndexMedia(t.Context(), rows)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), `"invalid"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("error = %v, want permanent document failure", err)
+	}
+	if len(requests) != 2 || strings.Join(requests[1], ",") != "retry" {
+		t.Fatalf("requests = %#v; successful/permanent documents must not be retried", requests)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOpenSearchBulkBoundsRetriesAndRejectsMalformedResponses(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, scenario := range []string{"transient-item", "transient-http", "invalid-http", "missing-results"} {
+		t.Run(scenario, func(t *testing.T) {
+			calls := 0
+			upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				calls++
+				switch scenario {
+				case "transient-item":
+					writeBulkResults(w, bulkRequestIDs(r), map[string]int{"m1": http.StatusServiceUnavailable})
+				case "transient-http":
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable)
+				case "invalid-http":
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+				case "missing-results":
+					fmt.Fprint(w, `{"errors":false,"items":[]}`)
+				}
+			}))
+			defer upstream.Close()
+			backend := NewOpenSearchMediaBackend(config.SearchConfig{Backend: "opensearch", OpenSearchURL: upstream.URL})
+			if err := backend.IndexMedia(t.Context(), []model.Media{{Base: model.Base{ID: "m1"}}}); err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("failed indexing was reported as successful")
+			}
+			want := 1
+			if strings.HasPrefix(scenario, "transient") {
+				want = 3
+			}
+			if calls != want {
+				t.Fatalf("calls = %d, want %d", calls, want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOpenSearchBulkHonorsCancellationDuringRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
+	defer cancel()
+	calls := 0
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		calls++
+		writeBulkResults(w, bulkRequestIDs(r), map[string]int{"m1": http.StatusTooManyRequests})
+		cancel()
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+	backend := NewOpenSearchMediaBackend(config.SearchConfig{Backend: "opensearch", OpenSearchURL: upstream.URL})
+	err := backend.IndexMedia(ctx, []model.Media{{Base: model.Base{ID: "m1"}}})
+	if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) || calls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("error = %v, calls = %d", err, calls)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMediaUpsertBatchIndexesCommittedRowsTogether(t *testing.T) {
+	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(":memory:"), &gorm.Config{Logger: logger.Default.LogMode(logger.Silent)})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sqlDB, _ := db.DB()
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
+	defer sqlDB.Close()
+	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&model.Media{}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	repos := New(db)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	calls := 0
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		calls++
+		ids := bulkRequestIDs(r)
+		if len(ids) != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("bulk contains %d documents, want 5", len(ids))
+		}
+		// With only one DB connection this also detects network work inside the
+		// transaction: a separate read could not observe the committed batch.
+		var count int64
+		if err := db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.Media{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil || count != 5 {
+			t.Errorf("committed rows = %d, error = %v", count, err)
+		}
+		writeBulkResults(w, ids, nil)
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+	repos.Media.SetSearchBackend(NewOpenSearchMediaBackend(config.SearchConfig{Backend: "opensearch", OpenSearchURL: upstream.URL}))
+	var rows []*model.Media
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		rows = append(rows, &model.Media{LibraryID: "lib", Path: fmt.Sprintf("/media/%d.mkv", i)})
+	}
+	if err := repos.Media.UpsertBatch(ctx, rows); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if calls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("index requests = %d, want one bulk", calls)
+	}
+}

internal/repository/reader_repository.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
 )
@@ -15,6 +16,17 @@ type ReaderRepository struct {
 	db *gorm.DB
 }
 
+// readerOrderBy 组装方言安全的 ORDER BY。
+//
+// 用 clause.Column 让 GORM 按当前方言给列名加引号（SQLite 反引号 / PostgreSQL 双引号），
+// 而不是把引号硬编码进排序字符串。reader_books.order、reader_chapters.index、
+// reader_replace_rules.order 都撞上了 SQL 关键字（order 在 PostgreSQL 里是保留字）：
+// 之前写成 .Order("`order` ASC")，SQLite 下正常，PostgreSQL 下反引号被词法分析成
+// 运算符，直接报 `syntax error at or near "order"`，书架 / 目录 / 替换规则整页 500。
+func readerOrderBy(columns ...clause.OrderByColumn) clause.OrderBy {
+	return clause.OrderBy{Columns: columns}
+}
+
 // ListSources 用户的书源列表（书源按用户独立，按 customOrder 排序）。
 func (r *ReaderRepository) ListSources(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]model.ReaderBookSource, error) {
 	var out []model.ReaderBookSource
@@ -153,7 +165,11 @@ func (r *ReaderRepository) SaveSourceState(ctx context.Context, st *model.Reader
 // ListBooks 用户书架（按 order 排序）。
 func (r *ReaderRepository) ListBooks(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]model.ReaderBook, error) {
 	var out []model.ReaderBook
-	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("user_id = ?", userID).Order("`order` ASC, updated_at DESC").Find(&out).Error
+	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("user_id = ?", userID).
+		Order(readerOrderBy(
+			clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "order"}},
+			clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "updated_at"}, Desc: true},
+		)).Find(&out).Error
 	return out, err
 }
 
@@ -231,7 +247,10 @@ func (r *ReaderRepository) SwitchBookOrigin(ctx context.Context, book *model.Rea
 // ListChapters 按序取章节。
 func (r *ReaderRepository) ListChapters(ctx context.Context, bookID string) ([]model.ReaderChapter, error) {
 	var out []model.ReaderChapter
-	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("book_id = ?", bookID).Order("`index` ASC").Find(&out).Error
+	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("book_id = ?", bookID).
+		Order(readerOrderBy(
+			clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "index"}},
+		)).Find(&out).Error
 	return out, err
 }
 
@@ -365,9 +384,17 @@ func (r *ReaderRepository) CountChaptersByBook(ctx context.Context, bookIDs []st
 }
 
 // GetChapter 取指定章节。
+//
+// index 在 PostgreSQL 里是保留字，必须让 GORM 按方言加引号（SQLite 反引号 /
+// PostgreSQL 双引号）。此前写成硬编码的 "book_id = ? AND `index` = ?"，
+// PostgreSQL 会把反引号词法分析成运算符并报 syntax error at or near "`"。
 func (r *ReaderRepository) GetChapter(ctx context.Context, bookID string, index int) (*model.ReaderChapter, error) {
 	var out model.ReaderChapter
-	if err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).First(&out, "book_id = ? AND `index` = ?", bookID, index).Error; err != nil {
+	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where(clause.Eq{Column: clause.Column{Name: "book_id"}, Value: bookID}).
+		Where(clause.Eq{Column: clause.Column{Name: "index"}, Value: index}).
+		First(&out).Error
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	return &out, nil
@@ -433,7 +460,11 @@ func (r *ReaderRepository) SaveBookGroups(ctx context.Context, row *model.Reader
 // ListReplaceRules 用户替换规则（按 order 排序）。
 func (r *ReaderRepository) ListReplaceRules(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]model.ReaderReplaceRule, error) {
 	var out []model.ReaderReplaceRule
-	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("user_id = ?", userID).Order("`order` DESC, created_at ASC").Find(&out).Error
+	err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).Where("user_id = ?", userID).
+		Order(readerOrderBy(
+			clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "order"}, Desc: true},
+			clause.OrderByColumn{Column: clause.Column{Name: "created_at"}},
+		)).Find(&out).Error
 	return out, err
 }
 

internal/repository/reader_repository_dialect_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	gormlogger "gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+)
+
+// sqlCaptureLogger 只记录 GORM 生成的 SQL，不打印任何日志。
+type sqlCaptureLogger struct {
+	mu    sync.Mutex
+	lines []string
+}
+
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) LogMode(gormlogger.LogLevel) gormlogger.Interface { return l }
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) Info(context.Context, string, ...interface{})     {}
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) Warn(context.Context, string, ...interface{})     {}
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) Error(context.Context, string, ...interface{})    {}
+
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) Trace(_ context.Context, _ time.Time, fc func() (string, int64), _ error) {
+	sql, _ := fc()
+	l.mu.Lock()
+	l.lines = append(l.lines, sql)
+	l.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (l *sqlCaptureLogger) all() string {
+	l.mu.Lock()
+	defer l.mu.Unlock()
+	return strings.Join(l.lines, "\n")
+}
+
+// newPostgresDryRunRepos 返回使用 PostgreSQL 方言的 repository 容器：
+// DryRun 只构建 SQL 不执行，DisableAutomaticPing 让它无需真实数据库也能离线运行，
+// SkipDefaultTransaction 则挡掉 GORM 默认事务包装——那一步会真的去开事务连接，
+// 在 DryRun 下同样会拨号（ToSQL 内部也是这么绕开的）。于是可以直接断言生成语句
+// 在 PostgreSQL 下是否合法。
+func newPostgresDryRunRepos(t *testing.T) (*Container, *sqlCaptureLogger) {
+	t.Helper()
+	rec := &sqlCaptureLogger{}
+	db, err := gorm.Open(postgres.New(postgres.Config{
+		DSN: "postgres://mebox:mebox@127.0.0.1:5432/mebox?sslmode=disable",
+	}), &gorm.Config{
+		DryRun:                 true,
+		DisableAutomaticPing:   true,
+		SkipDefaultTransaction: true,
+		Logger:                 rec,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open dry-run postgres: %v", err)
+	}
+	return New(db), rec
+}
+
+// TestReaderListsUseDialectQuotedReservedColumns 守住阅读子系统列表查询在
+// PostgreSQL 下的合法性。reader_books.order / reader_chapters.index /
+// reader_replace_rules.order 都是关键字级列名（order 在 PostgreSQL 里是保留字）。
+//
+// 排序条件曾经写成硬编码反引号的原始字符串，例如 .Order("`order` ASC")：
+// SQLite 正常，PostgreSQL 会把反引号词法分析成运算符，直接报
+// `syntax error at or near "order"` (SQLSTATE 42601)，书架 / 目录 / 替换规则整页 500。
+// 现在改用 clause.Column，由 GORM 按方言加引号（SQLite 反引号 / PostgreSQL 双引号）。
+func TestReaderListsUseDialectQuotedReservedColumns(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		run   func(repos *Container) error
+		wants []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "books",
+			run:   func(repos *Container) error { _, err := repos.Reader.ListBooks(ctx, "user-1"); return err },
+			wants: []string{`"order"`, `"updated_at" DESC`},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "chapters",
+			run:   func(repos *Container) error { _, err := repos.Reader.ListChapters(ctx, "book-1"); return err },
+			wants: []string{`"index"`},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "replace rules",
+			run:   func(repos *Container) error { _, err := repos.Reader.ListReplaceRules(ctx, "user-1"); return err },
+			wants: []string{`"order" DESC`, `"created_at"`},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			repos, rec := newPostgresDryRunRepos(t)
+			if err := tc.run(repos); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("build query: %v", err)
+			}
+			sql := rec.all()
+			if strings.TrimSpace(sql) == "" {
+				t.Fatal("no SQL captured from the repository call")
+			}
+			if strings.Contains(sql, "`") {
+				t.Fatalf("SQL uses backtick quoting, which PostgreSQL rejects:\n%s", sql)
+			}
+			if !strings.Contains(sql, "ORDER BY") {
+				t.Fatalf("SQL has no ORDER BY clause:\n%s", sql)
+			}
+			for _, want := range tc.wants {
+				if !strings.Contains(sql, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("SQL missing %q:\n%s", want, sql)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/repository/refresh_token_repository.go

@@ -46,16 +46,20 @@ func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) RevokeByUserID(ctx context.Context, userID stri
 	})
 }
 
-// RevokeOldestActiveByUserID keeps at most limit active refresh tokens for a
-// user by revoking the oldest non-expired, non-revoked tokens.
-func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) RevokeOldestActiveByUserID(ctx context.Context, userID string, limit int) error {
+// RevokeOldestActiveLegacyByUserID keeps at most limit active refresh tokens
+// for a user among tokens that are not bound to a device auth session
+// (legacy web clients). Device sessions are independent: trimming one
+// device's token because another device logged in would silently sign the
+// first device out even though its session is still valid.
+func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) RevokeOldestActiveLegacyByUserID(ctx context.Context, userID string, limit int) error {
 	if limit < 1 {
 		limit = 1
 	}
 	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
 		var tokens []model.RefreshToken
 		if err := r.db.WithContext(ctx).
-			Where("user_id = ? AND revoked = ? AND expires_at > ?", userID, false, time.Now()).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND revoked = ? AND expires_at > ? AND (auth_session_id IS NULL OR auth_session_id = '')",
+				userID, false, time.Now()).
 			Order("created_at desc, id desc").
 			Find(&tokens).Error; err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) DeleteExpired(ctx context.Context) error {
 	})
 }
 
-// Revoke revokes a specific refresh token.
+// Revoke 撤销某个刷新令牌。
 func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) Revoke(ctx context.Context, hash string) error {
 	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
 		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.RefreshToken{}).
@@ -87,6 +91,18 @@ func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) Revoke(ctx context.Context, hash string) error
 	})
 }
 
+// RevokeByAuthSessionID 撤销某个认证会话名下的全部刷新令牌。
+// 设备被踢或主动退出后，旧刷新令牌不能再换出新令牌。
+func (r *RefreshTokenRepository) RevokeByAuthSessionID(ctx context.Context, sessionID string) error {
+	if sessionID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return withSQLiteBusyRetry(ctx, func() error {
+		return r.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.RefreshToken{}).
+			Where("auth_session_id = ?", sessionID).Update("revoked", true).Error
+	})
+}
+
 // HashToken returns the SHA256 hash of a token.
 func HashToken(token string) string {
 	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(token))

internal/repository/repository.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ type Container struct {
 	Log            *AccessLogRepository
 	Permission     *PermissionRepository
 	RefreshToken   *RefreshTokenRepository
+	AuthSession    *AuthSessionRepository
 	ApiConfig      *ApiConfigRepository
 	PlayProfile    *PlayProfileRepository
 	RegCode        *RegistrationCodeRepository
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ func New(db *gorm.DB) *Container {
 		Log:            &AccessLogRepository{db: db},
 		Permission:     &PermissionRepository{db: db},
 		RefreshToken:   &RefreshTokenRepository{db: db},
+		AuthSession:    &AuthSessionRepository{db: db},
 		ApiConfig:      &ApiConfigRepository{db: db},
 		PlayProfile:    &PlayProfileRepository{db: db},
 		RegCode:        &RegistrationCodeRepository{db: db},

internal/service/api_config_connection.go

@@ -24,6 +24,14 @@ func (s *ApiConfigService) TestConnection(ctx context.Context, provider string)
 	switch provider {
 	case "tmdb":
 		return s.testTMDb(cfg)
+	case "bangumi":
+		return s.testBangumi(ctx, cfg)
+	case "thetvdb":
+		return s.testTheTVDB(ctx, cfg)
+	case "fanart":
+		return s.testFanart(ctx, cfg)
+	case "douban":
+		return s.testDouban(ctx, cfg)
 	case "openai":
 		return s.testOpenAI(cfg)
 	case "deepseek":

internal/service/api_config_metadata_connection.go

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// Bangumi's public metadata endpoints work without a token. If one was saved,
+// also check /v0/me: public endpoints alone may accept an expired token.
+func (s *ApiConfigService) testBangumi(ctx context.Context, cfg *model.APIConfig) (string, error) {
+	req, err := newMetadataProbeRequest(ctx, cfg, "https://api.bgm.tv", "/v0/subjects/253", http.MethodGet, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", err
+	}
+	if token := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.APIKey); token != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+		identityReq := req.Clone(ctx)
+		identityURL := *req.URL
+		identityURL.Path = strings.TrimSuffix(identityURL.Path, "/subjects/253") + "/me"
+		identityReq.URL = &identityURL
+		var identity struct {
+			ID int `json:"id"`
+		}
+		if result, err := testMetadataProbeJSON(identityReq, "Bangumi", &identity); err != nil {
+			return result, err
+		}
+		if identity.ID <= 0 {
+			return "error", errors.New("Bangumi returned an invalid user response")
+		}
+	}
+	var subject struct {
+		ID   int    `json:"id"`
+		Name string `json:"name"`
+	}
+	if result, err := testMetadataProbeJSON(req, "Bangumi", &subject); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+	if subject.ID != 253 || strings.TrimSpace(subject.Name) == "" {
+		return "error", errors.New("Bangumi returned an invalid subject response")
+	}
+	return "success", nil
+}
+
+func (s *ApiConfigService) testTheTVDB(ctx context.Context, cfg *model.APIConfig) (string, error) {
+	key := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.APIKey)
+	if key == "" {
+		return "error", errors.New("TheTVDB API key is required")
+	}
+	body, err := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"apikey": key})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", err
+	}
+	req, err := newMetadataProbeRequest(ctx, cfg, "https://api4.thetvdb.com/v4", "/login", http.MethodPost, strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	var response struct {
+		Status string `json:"status"`
+		Data   struct {
+			Token string `json:"token"`
+		} `json:"data"`
+	}
+	if result, err := testMetadataProbeJSON(req, "TheTVDB", &response); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+	if response.Status != "success" || strings.TrimSpace(response.Data.Token) == "" {
+		return "error", errors.New("TheTVDB login did not return a valid token")
+	}
+	return "success", nil
+}
+
+func (s *ApiConfigService) testFanart(ctx context.Context, cfg *model.APIConfig) (string, error) {
+	key := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.APIKey)
+	if key == "" {
+		return "error", errors.New("Fanart API key is required")
+	}
+	req, err := newMetadataProbeRequest(ctx, cfg, "https://webservice.fanart.tv/v3", "/movies/550", http.MethodGet, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", err
+	}
+	query := req.URL.Query()
+	query.Set("api_key", key)
+	req.URL.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+	var response struct {
+		TMDbID json.Number `json:"tmdb_id"`
+		Name   string      `json:"name"`
+	}
+	if result, err := testMetadataProbeJSON(req, "Fanart", &response); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+	if response.TMDbID.String() != "550" || strings.TrimSpace(response.Name) == "" {
+		return "error", errors.New("Fanart returned an invalid movie response")
+	}
+	return "success", nil
+}
+
+func (s *ApiConfigService) testDouban(ctx context.Context, cfg *model.APIConfig) (string, error) {
+	req, err := newMetadataProbeRequest(ctx, cfg, "https://movie.douban.com", "/j/subject_suggest", http.MethodGet, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", err
+	}
+	query := req.URL.Query()
+	query.Set("q", "Inception")
+	req.URL.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", userAgents[0])
+	req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://movie.douban.com/")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8")
+	if cookie := strings.TrimSpace(cfg.APIKey); cookie != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Cookie", cookie)
+	}
+	var suggestions []struct {
+		ID    string `json:"id"`
+		Title string `json:"title"`
+	}
+	if result, err := testMetadataProbeJSON(req, "Douban", &suggestions); err != nil {
+		return result, err
+	}
+	// An empty array is a valid search result; null or an error object is not.
+	if suggestions == nil {
+		return "error", errors.New("Douban returned an invalid search response (login or verification may be required)")
+	}
+	for _, suggestion := range suggestions {
+		if suggestion.ID == "" || strings.TrimSpace(suggestion.Title) == "" {
+			return "error", errors.New("Douban returned an invalid search suggestion")
+		}
+	}
+	return "success", nil
+}
+
+func newMetadataProbeRequest(ctx context.Context, cfg *model.APIConfig, defaultBase, path, method string, body io.Reader) (*http.Request, error) {
+	base := strings.TrimRight(strings.TrimSpace(cfg.BaseURL), "/")
+	if base == "" {
+		base = defaultBase
+	}
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, method, base+path, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		// The saved base URL may contain credentials. Never echo it to the UI.
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: invalid base URL", cfg.Provider)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "MeBox/0.1 (https://github.com/truewhile/MeBox)")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+// Decode a bounded, complete JSON document rather than accepting any HTTP 200
+// (reverse proxies and anti-bot/login pages often return 200 as well).
+func testMetadataProbeJSON(req *http.Request, provider string, out any) (string, error) {
+	client := NewExternalHTTPClient(10 * time.Second)
+	defer client.CloseIdleConnections()
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		// url.Error includes the full request URL, including Fanart's API key.
+		var urlErr *url.Error
+		if errors.As(err, &urlErr) {
+			err = urlErr.Err
+		}
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s connection failed: %w", provider, err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		return "invalid", fmt.Errorf("%s authentication failed (HTTP 401): check configured credentials", provider)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s access denied (HTTP 403): check credentials, permissions or anti-bot verification", provider)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s API returned status %d", provider, resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, (1<<20)+1))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s response read failed: %w", provider, err)
+	}
+	if len(body) > 1<<20 {
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s response exceeds 1 MiB", provider)
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, out); err != nil {
+		// Do not include the response body: it may echo credentials.
+		return "error", fmt.Errorf("%s returned invalid JSON (login or verification page may have intercepted the request)", provider)
+	}
+	return "success", nil
+}

internal/service/api_config_metadata_connection_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+)
+
+type metadataProbeFixture struct {
+	provider string
+	path     string
+	key      string
+	body     string
+}
+
+var metadataProbeFixtures = []metadataProbeFixture{
+	{"bangumi", "/v0/subjects/253", "", `{"id":253,"name":"カウボーイビバップ","type":2}`},
+	{"thetvdb", "/login", "tvdb-test-secret", `{"status":"success","data":{"token":"test-jwt"}}`},
+	{"fanart", "/movies/550", "fanart+test&secret", `{"name":"Fight Club","tmdb_id":"550","imdb_id":"tt0137523","movieposter":[]}`},
+	{"douban", "/j/subject_suggest", "bid=test-cookie", `[{"id":"3541415","title":"盗梦空间","year":"2010","type":"movie"}]`},
+}
+
+func newMetadataConnectionTestService(t *testing.T) *ApiConfigService {
+	t.Helper()
+	log := zap.NewNop()
+	return NewApiConfigService(&config.Config{}, log, repository.New(newServiceTestDB(t)), NewCryptoService("metadata-test-secret", log))
+}
+
+func saveMetadataProbeConfig(t *testing.T, svc *ApiConfigService, provider, baseURL, key string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if _, err := svc.Upsert(t.Context(), provider, key, baseURL, "", true); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// Removing a dispatch branch, ignoring the saved URL/key, or using the wrong
+// endpoint must fail this integration test (real database and HTTP server).
+func TestMetadataConnectionUsesSavedConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	for _, fixture := range metadataProbeFixtures {
+		t.Run(fixture.provider, func(t *testing.T) {
+			calls := 0
+			server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				calls++
+				if r.URL.Path != "/proxy"+fixture.path {
+					t.Errorf("request path = %q", r.URL.Path)
+				}
+				if r.Header.Get("User-Agent") == "" {
+					t.Error("missing User-Agent")
+				}
+				if fixture.provider == "thetvdb" {
+					var body map[string]string
+					if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&body); err != nil {
+						t.Error(err)
+					}
+					if r.Method != http.MethodPost || body["apikey"] != fixture.key || r.Header.Get("Content-Type") != "application/json" {
+						t.Error("TheTVDB login must POST the saved, decrypted API key as JSON")
+					}
+				} else if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
+					t.Errorf("method = %s, want GET", r.Method)
+				}
+				if fixture.provider == "fanart" && r.URL.Query().Get("api_key") != fixture.key {
+					t.Error("Fanart API key was not escaped/passed correctly")
+				}
+				if fixture.provider == "douban" {
+					if r.Header.Get("Cookie") != fixture.key || r.Header.Get("Referer") != "https://movie.douban.com/" || r.URL.Query().Get("q") == "" {
+						t.Error("Douban search must carry the configured cookie, referer and query")
+					}
+				}
+				w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+				_, _ = w.Write([]byte(fixture.body))
+			}))
+			defer server.Close()
+			saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, fixture.provider, "  "+server.URL+"/proxy/  ", fixture.key)
+			result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), fixture.provider)
+			if err != nil || result != "success" {
+				t.Fatalf("TestConnection = %q, %v, want success", result, err)
+			}
+			if calls != 1 {
+				t.Errorf("HTTP calls = %d, want 1", calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionRejectsBadResponses(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	for _, fixture := range metadataProbeFixtures {
+		for _, response := range []struct {
+			name   string
+			status int
+			body   string
+			result string
+		}{
+			{"unauthorized", 401, `{"error":"denied"}`, "invalid"},
+			{"forbidden", 403, `<html>Access denied</html>`, "error"},
+			{"rate limited", 429, `{}`, "error"},
+			{"upstream error", 503, `{}`, "error"},
+			{"challenge page", 200, `<html>Please log in or complete verification</html>`, "error"},
+			{"empty body", 200, ``, "error"},
+			{"wrong schema", 200, `{"error":"intercepted"}`, "error"},
+			{"null", 200, `null`, "error"},
+			{"trailing garbage", 200, fixture.body + `<html>blocked</html>`, "error"},
+		} {
+			t.Run(fixture.provider+"/"+response.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(response.status)
+					_, _ = w.Write([]byte(response.body))
+				}))
+				defer server.Close()
+				saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, fixture.provider, server.URL, fixture.key)
+				result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), fixture.provider)
+				if err == nil || result != response.result {
+					t.Fatalf("TestConnection = %q, %v, want %q and error", result, err, response.result)
+				}
+				if fixture.key != "" && strings.Contains(err.Error(), fixture.key) {
+					t.Error("error exposes configured credentials")
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionRequiresAPIKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	for _, provider := range []string{"thetvdb", "fanart"} {
+		t.Run(provider, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				t.Error("must reject missing key before making a request")
+			}))
+			defer server.Close()
+			saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, provider, server.URL, "  ")
+			result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), provider)
+			if result != "error" || err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "API key") {
+				t.Fatalf("TestConnection = %q, %v, want missing API key error", result, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionBangumiValidatesConfiguredToken(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	for _, valid := range []bool{true, false} {
+		name := "valid"
+		if !valid {
+			name = "invalid"
+		}
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			meCalls, subjectCalls := 0, 0
+			server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				if r.Header.Get("Authorization") != "Bearer bangumi-test-token" {
+					t.Error("missing saved Bangumi bearer token")
+				}
+				switch r.URL.Path {
+				case "/v0/me":
+					meCalls++
+					if !valid {
+						w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+						return
+					}
+					_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"id":42,"username":"test-user"}`))
+				case "/v0/subjects/253":
+					subjectCalls++
+					_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"id":253,"name":"カウボーイビバップ"}`))
+				default:
+					t.Errorf("unexpected path: %s", r.URL.Path)
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
+				}
+			}))
+			defer server.Close()
+			saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, "bangumi", server.URL, "bangumi-test-token")
+			result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), "bangumi")
+			if valid && (result != "success" || err != nil || subjectCalls != 1) {
+				t.Fatalf("valid token: result=%q err=%v subjectCalls=%d", result, err, subjectCalls)
+			}
+			if !valid && (result != "invalid" || err == nil || subjectCalls != 0) {
+				t.Fatalf("invalid token: result=%q err=%v subjectCalls=%d", result, err, subjectCalls)
+			}
+			if meCalls != 1 {
+				t.Errorf("identity requests = %d, want 1", meCalls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionDoubanDoesNotRequireCookie(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.Header.Get("Cookie") != "" {
+			t.Error("unexpected Cookie for public search")
+		}
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`[]`))
+	}))
+	defer server.Close()
+	saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, "douban", server.URL, "")
+	result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), "douban")
+	if result != "success" || err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("public search with empty results = %q, %v", result, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionHonorsContext(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	for _, fixture := range metadataProbeFixtures {
+		t.Run(fixture.provider, func(t *testing.T) {
+			started := make(chan struct{})
+			server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+				_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, r.Body)
+				close(started)
+				<-r.Context().Done()
+			}))
+			defer server.Close()
+			saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, fixture.provider, server.URL, fixture.key)
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 2*time.Second)
+			defer cancel()
+			go func() {
+				select {
+				case <-started:
+					cancel()
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+				}
+			}()
+			result, err := svc.TestConnection(ctx, fixture.provider)
+			if result != "error" || !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+				t.Fatalf("cancelled request = %q, %v, want context.Canceled", result, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMetadataConnectionTransportErrorsHideKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	svc := newMetadataConnectionTestService(t)
+	server := httptest.NewServer(http.NotFoundHandler())
+	server.Close()
+	key := "sensitive-fanart-key"
+	saveMetadataProbeConfig(t, svc, "fanart", server.URL, key)
+	result, err := svc.TestConnection(t.Context(), "fanart")
+	if result != "error" || err == nil || strings.Contains(err.Error(), key) {
+		t.Fatalf("transport failure = %q, %v, want error without credentials", result, err)
+	}
+}

internal/service/auth.go

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ type AuthService struct {
 	repo          *repository.Container
 	tokenSvc      *TokenService
 	permissionSvc *PermissionService
+	sessionSvc    *AuthSessionService
 
 	tempPassMu    sync.RWMutex
 	tempPasswords map[string]temporaryPasswordEntry
@@ -51,6 +52,11 @@ func NewAuthService(cfg *config.Config, log *zap.Logger, repo *repository.Contai
 	}
 }
 
+// SetAuthSessionService 注入设备会话服务；旧登出路径会同时撤销全部会话。
+func (s *AuthService) SetAuthSessionService(sessions *AuthSessionService) {
+	s.sessionSvc = sessions
+}
+
 // Common service-level errors.
 var (
 	ErrInvalidCredentials = errors.New("invalid username or password")
@@ -162,6 +168,23 @@ type LoginResponse struct {
 
 // Login validates credentials and returns the user + a fresh JWT token pair.
 func (s *AuthService) Login(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*LoginResponse, error) {
+	u, err := s.Authenticate(ctx, username, password)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// 签发令牌对
+	tokens, err := s.tokenSvc.IssuePairBestEffort(ctx, u.ID, u.Role, u.Tier)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	s.touchLoginBestEffort(u.ID)
+	return &LoginResponse{User: u, Tokens: tokens}, nil
+}
+
+// Authenticate 只校验账号与密码，不签发任何令牌。
+// 移动端 v1 登录需要先确认账号有效，再创建设备会话并签发带 sid 的令牌；
+// 分离这一步可以避免先签发一对无会话的令牌再作废。
+func (s *AuthService) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*model.User, error) {
 	u, err := s.repo.User.FindByUsername(ctx, username)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -180,13 +203,7 @@ func (s *AuthService) Login(ctx context.Context, username, password string) (*Lo
 	if err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(u.PasswordHash), []byte(password)); err != nil {
 		return nil, ErrInvalidCredentials
 	}
-	// 签发令牌对
-	tokens, err := s.tokenSvc.IssuePairBestEffort(ctx, u.ID, u.Role, u.Tier)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	s.touchLoginBestEffort(u.ID)
-	return &LoginResponse{User: u, Tokens: tokens}, nil
+	return u, nil
 }
 
 func (s *AuthService) touchLoginBestEffort(userID string) {

internal/service/auth_session.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+// Package service — 设备认证会话。
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"unicode"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+)
+
+// 认证会话错误。middleware 与 handler 依据这些错误区分「重新登录」和
+// 「临时基础设施故障」。
+var (
+	ErrAuthSessionRequired = errors.New("auth session required")
+	ErrAuthSessionRevoked  = errors.New("auth session revoked")
+	ErrAuthSessionExpired  = errors.New("auth session expired")
+)
+
+// AuthSessionService 管理设备会话的创建、校验和撤销。
+type AuthSessionService struct {
+	log  *zap.Logger
+	repo *repository.Container
+	now  func() time.Time
+}
+
+// NewAuthSessionService 创建会话服务。
+func NewAuthSessionService(log *zap.Logger, repo *repository.Container) *AuthSessionService {
+	return &AuthSessionService{log: log, repo: repo, now: time.Now}
+}
+
+// CreateAuthSessionInput 是创建会话所需的最小设备信息。
+type CreateAuthSessionInput struct {
+	UserID        string
+	DeviceID      string
+	DeviceName    string
+	ClientName    string
+	ClientVersion string
+}
+
+// Create 创建一次登录对应的认证会话。
+//
+// 设备 ID 由 App 安装随机生成，不接收 IMEI/MAC 等硬件标识；这里只做长度
+// 与字符白名单校验，避免任意字符串进入索引和日志。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) Create(ctx context.Context, in CreateAuthSessionInput) (*model.AuthSession, error) {
+	userID := strings.TrimSpace(in.UserID)
+	deviceID := strings.TrimSpace(in.DeviceID)
+	if userID == "" || deviceID == "" {
+		return nil, errors.New("user id and device id required")
+	}
+	if len(deviceID) > 128 || !validDeviceID(deviceID) {
+		return nil, errors.New("invalid device id")
+	}
+	now := s.currentTime()
+	session := &model.AuthSession{
+		UserID:        userID,
+		DeviceID:      deviceID,
+		DeviceName:    truncateRunes(strings.TrimSpace(in.DeviceName), 128),
+		ClientName:    truncateRunes(strings.TrimSpace(in.ClientName), 64),
+		ClientVersion: truncateRunes(strings.TrimSpace(in.ClientVersion), 64),
+		LastUsedAt:    now,
+		ExpiresAt:     now.Add(RefreshTokenDuration),
+	}
+	if err := s.repo.AuthSession.Create(ctx, session); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return session, nil
+}
+
+// Validate 校验会话仍可用于给定用户。
+//
+// 未找到的会话按「已撤销」处理：App 收到 SESSION_REVOKED 后应重新登录，
+// 而不是无限刷新。数据库错误保持原样返回，由上层映射成可重试的 503。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) Validate(ctx context.Context, sessionID, userID string) (*model.AuthSession, error) {
+	sessionID = strings.TrimSpace(sessionID)
+	if sessionID == "" {
+		return nil, ErrAuthSessionRequired
+	}
+	session, err := s.repo.AuthSession.FindByID(ctx, sessionID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if session == nil || session.UserID != userID {
+		return nil, ErrAuthSessionRevoked
+	}
+	if session.Revoked {
+		return nil, ErrAuthSessionRevoked
+	}
+	if session.IsExpired() {
+		return nil, ErrAuthSessionExpired
+	}
+	return session, nil
+}
+
+// Touch 更新会话最近使用时间，失败只记日志，不影响请求。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) Touch(ctx context.Context, sessionID string) {
+	if s == nil || sessionID == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := s.repo.AuthSession.TouchLastUsed(ctx, sessionID, s.currentTime()); err != nil && s.log != nil {
+		s.log.Debug("touch auth session failed", zap.String("session_id", sessionID), zap.Error(err))
+	}
+}
+
+// Revoke 撤销单个会话及其名下刷新令牌（幂等）。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) Revoke(ctx context.Context, sessionID string) error {
+	sessionID = strings.TrimSpace(sessionID)
+	if sessionID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := s.repo.AuthSession.Revoke(ctx, sessionID, s.currentTime()); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.repo.RefreshToken.RevokeByAuthSessionID(ctx, sessionID)
+}
+
+// RevokeByUser 撤销某用户的全部会话（幂等）。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) RevokeByUser(ctx context.Context, userID string) error {
+	userID = strings.TrimSpace(userID)
+	if userID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sessions, err := s.repo.AuthSession.ListActiveByUser(ctx, userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for i := range sessions {
+		if err := s.Revoke(ctx, sessions[i].ID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RevokeDevice 撤销某用户某设备的全部会话（幂等）。
+func (s *AuthSessionService) RevokeDevice(ctx context.Context, userID, deviceID string) error {
+	userID = strings.TrimSpace(userID)
+	deviceID = strings.TrimSpace(deviceID)
+	if userID == "" || deviceID == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	sessions, err := s.repo.AuthSession.ListByDevice(ctx, userID, deviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for i := range sessions {
+		if sessions[i].Revoked {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := s.Revoke(ctx, sessions[i].ID); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *AuthSessionService) currentTime() time.Time {
+	if s == nil || s.now == nil {
+		return time.Now()
+	}
+	return s.now()
+}
+
+func validDeviceID(id string) bool {
+	for _, r := range id {
+		if r > unicode.MaxASCII || !(unicode.IsLetter(r) || unicode.IsDigit(r) || r == '-' || r == '_' || r == '.' || r == ':') {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func truncateRunes(s string, max int) string {
+	if max <= 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	runes := []rune(s)
+	if len(runes) <= max {
+		return s
+	}
+	return string(runes[:max])
+}

internal/service/auth_session_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+)
+
+func newAuthSessionTestEnv(t *testing.T) (*AuthSessionService, *TokenService, *repository.Container) {
+	t.Helper()
+	db := newServiceTestDB(t, &model.AuthSession{}, &model.RefreshToken{}, &model.User{}, &model.Setting{})
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	sessions := NewAuthSessionService(zap.NewNop(), repos)
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Secrets.JWTSecret = "test-secret"
+	tokens := NewTokenService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), repos)
+	tokens.SetSessionValidator(func(ctx context.Context, sessionID, userID string) error {
+		_, err := sessions.Validate(ctx, sessionID, userID)
+		return err
+	})
+	return sessions, tokens, repos
+}
+
+func seedSessionUser(t *testing.T, repos *repository.Container) *model.User {
+	t.Helper()
+	u := &model.User{Username: "mobile", PasswordHash: "x", Role: "user", Tier: "free", IsActive: true}
+	if err := repos.User.Create(t.Context(), u); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return u
+}
+
+func TestAuthSessionLifecycle(t *testing.T) {
+	sessions, tokens, repos := newAuthSessionTestEnv(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	user := seedSessionUser(t, repos)
+
+	session, err := sessions.Create(ctx, CreateAuthSessionInput{
+		UserID:     user.ID,
+		DeviceID:   "device-abc",
+		DeviceName: "Pixel",
+		ClientName: "MeBox Android",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create session: %v", err)
+	}
+	if session.ID == "" || session.ExpiresAt.IsZero() {
+		t.Fatal("session missing id or expiry")
+	}
+	if _, err := sessions.Validate(ctx, session.ID, user.ID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("validate active session: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := sessions.Validate(ctx, session.ID, "other-user"); !errors.Is(err, ErrAuthSessionRevoked) {
+		t.Fatalf("cross-user validate err = %v, want ErrAuthSessionRevoked", err)
+	}
+
+	pair, err := tokens.IssuePairForSession(ctx, user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier, session.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("issue pair: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := tokens.ValidateAccessToken(pair.AccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("validate access token: %v", err)
+	}
+	if claims.Sid != session.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("access token sid = %q, want %q", claims.Sid, session.ID)
+	}
+	rt, err := repos.RefreshToken.FindByHash(ctx, repository.HashToken(pair.RefreshToken))
+	if err != nil || rt == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh token row = %v, err = %v", rt, err)
+	}
+	if rt.AuthSessionID != session.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh token session = %q, want %q", rt.AuthSessionID, session.ID)
+	}
+
+	if err := sessions.Revoke(ctx, session.ID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("revoke session: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := sessions.Validate(ctx, session.ID, user.ID); !errors.Is(err, ErrAuthSessionRevoked) {
+		t.Fatalf("validate revoked err = %v, want ErrAuthSessionRevoked", err)
+	}
+	rt, err = repos.RefreshToken.FindByHash(ctx, repository.HashToken(pair.RefreshToken))
+	if err != nil || rt == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("reload refresh token: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !rt.Revoked {
+		t.Fatal("refresh token should be revoked with the session")
+	}
+
+	// 幂等：重复撤销不报错。
+	if err := sessions.Revoke(ctx, session.ID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("second revoke: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshRejectsRevokedSession(t *testing.T) {
+	sessions, tokens, repos := newAuthSessionTestEnv(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	user := seedSessionUser(t, repos)
+
+	session, err := sessions.Create(ctx, CreateAuthSessionInput{UserID: user.ID, DeviceID: "device-1"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	pair, err := tokens.IssuePairForSession(ctx, user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier, session.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := sessions.Revoke(ctx, session.ID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, err := tokens.Refresh(ctx, pair.RefreshToken); !errors.Is(err, ErrAuthSessionRevoked) {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh revoked session err = %v, want ErrAuthSessionRevoked", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshKeepsSessionAssociation(t *testing.T) {
+	sessions, tokens, repos := newAuthSessionTestEnv(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	user := seedSessionUser(t, repos)
+
+	session, err := sessions.Create(ctx, CreateAuthSessionInput{UserID: user.ID, DeviceID: "device-2"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	pair, err := tokens.IssuePairForSession(ctx, user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier, session.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	rotated, err := tokens.Refresh(ctx, pair.RefreshToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("refresh: %v", err)
+	}
+	claims, err := tokens.ValidateAccessToken(rotated.AccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if claims.Sid != session.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("rotated access sid = %q, want %q", claims.Sid, session.ID)
+	}
+	// 刷新路径使用 best-effort 落库；轮换结果可能稍后才写入。
+	var rt *model.RefreshToken
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		rt, err = repos.RefreshToken.FindByHash(ctx, repository.HashToken(rotated.RefreshToken))
+		if err == nil && rt != nil {
+			break
+		}
+		time.Sleep(20 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	if err != nil || rt == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("rotated refresh row: %v err=%v", rt, err)
+	}
+	if rt.AuthSessionID != session.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("rotated refresh session = %q, want %q", rt.AuthSessionID, session.ID)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMobileDeviceSessionsDoNotTrimEachOther 覆盖同一账号多设备登录：
+// 每台设备有独立认证会话与刷新令牌，新设备登录或任一设备刷新都不应撤销
+// 其他设备的刷新令牌。历史实现把「最大同时登录终端」直接作用在刷新令牌
+// 上，第 N+1 台设备登录会把最早那台设备的刷新令牌标记为已撤销，那台设备
+// 下一次刷新就会收到 SESSION_REVOKED，被强制退回登录页。
+func TestMobileDeviceSessionsDoNotTrimEachOther(t *testing.T) {
+	sessions, tokens, repos := newAuthSessionTestEnv(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	user := seedSessionUser(t, repos)
+
+	// 默认上限是 3，这里故意登录 4 台设备。
+	const devices = 4
+	pairs := make([]*TokenPair, 0, devices)
+	for i := 0; i < devices; i++ {
+		session, err := sessions.Create(ctx, CreateAuthSessionInput{
+			UserID:     user.ID,
+			DeviceID:   fmt.Sprintf("device-%02d", i),
+			DeviceName: fmt.Sprintf("Phone %d", i+1),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("create session %d: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+		pair, err := tokens.IssuePairForSession(ctx, user.ID, user.Role, user.Tier, session.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("issue pair %d: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+		pairs = append(pairs, pair)
+	}
+
+	for i, pair := range pairs {
+		row, err := repos.RefreshToken.FindByHash(ctx, repository.HashToken(pair.RefreshToken))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("load device %d token: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+		if row == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("device %d refresh token missing", i+1)
+		}
+		if row.Revoked {
+			t.Fatalf("device %d refresh token was revoked by another device", i+1)
+		}
+		if _, err := tokens.Refresh(ctx, pair.RefreshToken); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("device %d refresh failed: %v", i+1, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestServerIdentityPersistsAcrossInstances(t *testing.T) {
+	db := newServiceTestDB(t, &model.Setting{})
+	repos := repository.New(db)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	first := NewServerIdentityService(repos, "MeBox-v1.2.3")
+	id1, err := first.ServerID(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if id1 == "" {
+		t.Fatal("empty server id")
+	}
+
+	// 独立服务实例（模拟重启）读到同一个持久身份。
+	second := NewServerIdentityService(repos, "MeBox-v1.2.3")
+	id2, err := second.ServerID(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if id2 != id1 {
+		t.Fatalf("server id changed across instances: %q != %q", id2, id1)
+	}
+
+	info, err := second.Info(ctx, ServerCapabilities{DeviceSessions: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if info.ServerID != id1 || info.ServerVersion != "MeBox-v1.2.3" || info.APIVersion != "v1" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected info: %+v", info)
+	}
+	if !info.Capabilities.DeviceSessions || info.Capabilities.PlaybackSessions {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected capabilities: %+v", info.Capabilities)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAuthSessionExpiry(t *testing.T) {
+	sessions, _, repos := newAuthSessionTestEnv(t)
+	user := seedSessionUser(t, repos)
+	sessions.now = func() time.Time { return time.Now().Add(-40 * 24 * time.Hour) }
+	session, err := sessions.Create(context.Background(), CreateAuthSessionInput{UserID: user.ID, DeviceID: "device-old"})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	sessions.now = time.Now
+	if _, err := sessions.Validate(context.Background(), session.ID, user.ID); !errors.Is(err, ErrAuthSessionExpired) {
+		t.Fatalf("expired validate err = %v, want ErrAuthSessionExpired", err)
+	}
+}

internal/service/auth_tokens.go

@@ -108,7 +108,13 @@ func (s *AuthService) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*
 	return s.tokenSvc.Refresh(ctx, refreshToken)
 }
 
-// Logout 撤销用户的所有刷新令牌。
+// Logout 撤销用户的所有刷新令牌与认证会话。
 func (s *AuthService) Logout(ctx context.Context, userID string) error {
-	return s.tokenSvc.RevokeAll(ctx, userID)
+	if err := s.tokenSvc.RevokeAll(ctx, userID); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if s.sessionSvc != nil {
+		return s.sessionSvc.RevokeByUser(ctx, userID)
+	}
+	return nil
 }

internal/service/backup.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 // Package service — database hot backup and restore.
 //
-// BackupService uses SQLite's "VACUUM INTO" (available since 3.27.0) to
-// produce a consistent copy of the database without blocking writers.
-// Backup files are stored under {data_dir}/backups/ with a timestamp
-// suffix. The admin UI can list / download / delete / restore them.
+// Backup files are stored under {data_dir}/backups/ with a timestamp suffix.
+// The admin UI can list / download / delete / restore them.
+//
+// 两种方言的备份形态不同：
+//   - SQLite：用 "VACUUM INTO"（3.27.0 起可用）产出一个一致的库文件，
+//     扩展名 .db；恢复先暂存，在下次启动打开数据库前替换文件。
+//   - PostgreSQL：没有单文件语义，用逻辑备份（见 backup_postgres.go），
+//     扩展名 .json.gz；恢复是在单个事务内重建全部表。
 package service
 
 import (
@@ -20,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/database"
 )
 
 // BackupService manages database backups.
@@ -40,6 +45,7 @@ type BackupInfo struct {
 	Path      string    `json:"path"`
 	Size      int64     `json:"size"`
 	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	Automatic bool      `json:"automatic"`
 }
 
 func (b *BackupService) backupDir() string {
@@ -65,18 +71,63 @@ func (b *BackupService) backupFilePath(filename string) (string, error) {
 	return path, nil
 }
 
-// Create produces a new hot backup via "VACUUM INTO".
+// ResolvePath returns the absolute path of a listed backup after applying the
+// same filename and directory checks used by restore and delete operations.
+func (b *BackupService) ResolvePath(filename string) (string, error) {
+	path, err := b.backupFilePath(filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	info, err := os.Lstat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if !info.Mode().IsRegular() {
+		return "", errors.New("backup is not a regular file")
+	}
+	return path, nil
+}
+
+// isPostgres reports whether the service is backed by PostgreSQL.
+//
+// PostgreSQL 不支持 SQLite 的 "VACUUM INTO"，按文件替换恢复也会写错目标，
+// 因此备份/恢复必须按方言分支，不能共用一条路径。
+func (b *BackupService) isPostgres() bool {
+	return b.db != nil && b.db.Dialector != nil && b.db.Dialector.Name() == "postgres"
+}
+
+// Create produces a new hot backup. SQLite uses "VACUUM INTO"; PostgreSQL uses
+// a logical dump.
 func (b *BackupService) Create(ctx context.Context) (*BackupInfo, error) {
+	return b.create(ctx, false)
+}
+
+func (b *BackupService) CreateAutomatic(ctx context.Context) (*BackupInfo, error) {
+	return b.create(ctx, true)
+}
+
+func (b *BackupService) create(ctx context.Context, automatic bool) (*BackupInfo, error) {
 	dir := b.backupDir()
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o750); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	ts := time.Now().Format("20060102_150405")
-	dst := filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("mebox_%s.db", ts))
+	now := time.Now()
+	ts := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%09d", now.Format("20060102_150405"), now.Nanosecond())
+	if automatic {
+		ts = "auto_" + ts
+	}
 
-	// VACUUM INTO creates a clean, non-WAL copy atomically.
-	if err := b.db.WithContext(ctx).Exec("VACUUM INTO ?", dst).Error; err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("VACUUM INTO failed: %w", err)
+	var (
+		dst string
+		err error
+	)
+	if b.isPostgres() {
+		dst, err = b.createPostgresBackup(ctx, ts)
+	} else {
+		dst, err = b.createSQLiteBackup(ctx, ts)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
 	}
 	stat, err := os.Stat(dst)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -88,9 +139,27 @@ func (b *BackupService) Create(ctx context.Context) (*BackupInfo, error) {
 		Path:      dst,
 		Size:      stat.Size(),
 		CreatedAt: stat.ModTime(),
+		Automatic: automatic,
 	}, nil
 }
 
+func (b *BackupService) createSQLiteBackup(ctx context.Context, stamp string) (string, error) {
+	dst := filepath.Join(b.backupDir(), fmt.Sprintf("mebox_%s.db", stamp))
+	tmp := dst + ".tmp"
+	defer os.Remove(tmp)
+	// Publish only completed backups, with credentials protected by file mode.
+	if err := b.db.WithContext(ctx).Exec("VACUUM INTO ?", tmp).Error; err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("VACUUM INTO failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.Chmod(tmp, 0o600); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(tmp, dst); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return dst, nil
+}
+
 // List returns every backup file in the backup directory, newest first.
 func (b *BackupService) List() ([]BackupInfo, error) {
 	dir := b.backupDir()
@@ -103,7 +172,7 @@ func (b *BackupService) List() ([]BackupInfo, error) {
 	}
 	out := make([]BackupInfo, 0, len(entries))
 	for _, e := range entries {
-		if e.IsDir() || !strings.HasSuffix(e.Name(), ".db") {
+		if !e.Type().IsRegular() || !isBackupFilename(e.Name()) {
 			continue
 		}
 		info, err := e.Info()
@@ -115,6 +184,7 @@ func (b *BackupService) List() ([]BackupInfo, error) {
 			Path:      filepath.Join(dir, e.Name()),
 			Size:      info.Size(),
 			CreatedAt: info.ModTime(),
+			Automatic: strings.HasPrefix(e.Name(), "mebox_auto_"),
 		})
 	}
 	sort.Slice(out, func(i, j int) bool {
@@ -123,6 +193,36 @@ func (b *BackupService) List() ([]BackupInfo, error) {
 	return out, nil
 }
 
+// Prune keeps maxCount automatic backups for the current database dialect.
+// Manual backups and backups from another dialect are never pruned.
+// A value below one disables pruning so an invalid setting cannot erase all
+// recoverable copies.
+func (b *BackupService) Prune(maxCount int) error {
+	if maxCount < 1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	items, err := b.List()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	eligible := items[:0]
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if item.Automatic && strings.HasSuffix(item.Filename, postgresBackupSuffix) == b.isPostgres() {
+			eligible = append(eligible, item)
+		}
+	}
+	items = eligible
+	if maxCount >= len(items) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, item := range items[maxCount:] {
+		if err := b.Delete(item.Filename); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Delete removes a single backup file.
 func (b *BackupService) Delete(filename string) error {
 	path, err := b.backupFilePath(filename)
@@ -132,46 +232,39 @@ func (b *BackupService) Delete(filename string) error {
 	return os.Remove(path)
 }
 
-// Restore copies a backup over the live database using VACUUM INTO in
-// reverse. WARNING: this is destructive — the live DB will be replaced.
-// Callers should shut down the server after this call.
+// Restore stages SQLite backups for the next startup. PostgreSQL restores
+// rebuild every table inside a single transaction.
 func (b *BackupService) Restore(ctx context.Context, filename string) error {
-	src, err := b.backupFilePath(filename)
+	src, err := b.ResolvePath(filename)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if _, err := os.Stat(src); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("backup not found: %s", filename)
 	}
-	dbPath, err := filepath.Abs(b.cfg.Database.DBPath)
-	if err != nil || dbPath == "" {
-		return errors.New("invalid database path")
+	if b.isPostgres() {
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, postgresBackupSuffix) {
+			return errors.New("该备份是 SQLite 文件备份，当前运行在 PostgreSQL 上，无法恢复")
+		}
+		return b.restorePostgresBackup(ctx, src)
 	}
-	// Strategy: rename live → live.old, copy backup → live, delete old.
-	old := dbPath + ".before_restore"
-	if err := os.Rename(dbPath, old); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".db") {
+		return errors.New("该备份是 PostgreSQL 逻辑备份，当前运行在 SQLite 上，无法恢复")
+	}
+	if err := database.StageSQLiteRestore(ctx, b.cfg, src); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	data, err := os.ReadFile(src) // #nosec G304 -- src is constrained by backupFilePath to the configured backups directory.
-	if err != nil {
-		// Revert
-		_ = os.Rename(old, dbPath)
-		return err
-	}
-	if err := os.WriteFile(dbPath, data, 0o600); err != nil { // #nosec G703 -- database path is trusted process config and normalized before restore.
-		_ = os.Rename(old, dbPath)
-		return err
-	}
-	_ = os.Remove(old)
-	// Also remove WAL/SHM so SQLite opens the fresh file cleanly.
-	_ = os.Remove(dbPath + "-wal")
-	_ = os.Remove(dbPath + "-shm")
-	b.log.Warn("database restored from backup — restart the server",
-		zap.String("backup", filename))
+	b.log.Warn("SQLite backup staged; restart to apply", zap.String("backup", filename))
 	return nil
 }
 
-// isValidBackupFilename rejects path traversal attempts and non-.db files.
+// isBackupFilename reports whether name looks like a backup produced by either
+// dialect (SQLite ".db" or PostgreSQL ".json.gz").
+func isBackupFilename(name string) bool {
+	return strings.HasSuffix(name, ".db") || strings.HasSuffix(name, postgresBackupSuffix)
+}
+
+// isValidBackupFilename rejects path traversal attempts and non-backup files.
 func isValidBackupFilename(name string) bool {
 	if name == "" {
 		return false
@@ -179,8 +272,5 @@ func isValidBackupFilename(name string) bool {
 	if strings.ContainsAny(name, "/\\") || strings.Contains(name, "..") {
 		return false
 	}
-	if !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".db") {
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
+	return isBackupFilename(name)
 }

internal/service/backup_postgres.go

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/schema"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/database"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// PostgreSQL 逻辑备份 / 恢复。
+//
+// SQLite 的备份是「VACUUM INTO 出一个一致的库文件，恢复时替换文件」，而
+// PostgreSQL 既没有 VACUUM INTO，数据也由服务端进程管理，没有可替换的单文件，
+// 所以这里实现逻辑备份：把每张表按主键顺序分块序列化成 JSON Lines（gzip 压缩）
+// 写入 {data_dir}/backups/。
+//
+// 分块序列化而不是整表 marshal：media 表在真实媒体库上可达几十万行、每行还带
+// overview / path 等长文本，整表进内存会把小内存的 NAS 打爆。
+//
+// 恢复在单个事务内「先清空全部模型表、再逐块插入」：任何一步失败（包括备份文件
+// 读到一半损坏）都整体回滚，不会留下半清空的库。因此恢复不需要重启服务。
+const (
+	postgresBackupSuffix   = ".json.gz"
+	postgresBackupFormat   = "mebox-postgres-logical"
+	postgresBackupVersion  = 1
+	backupDumpChunkSize    = 1000
+	backupRestoreBatchSize = 500
+)
+
+type postgresBackupHeader struct {
+	Format    string    `json:"format"`
+	Version   int       `json:"version"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
+// postgresBackupRow 是「列名 → JSON 值」的一行。
+//
+// 刻意逐列反射序列化，而不是直接 json.Marshal 模型结构体：模型里有大量带
+// json:"-" 的列（Base.DeletedAt、User.AllowedLibraryIDs、APIConfig.APIKey、
+// StrmAccount.Config、PlayProfile.PINHash、ReaderBookSource.RawJSON…），走结构体
+// 自带的序列化会把这些列整列丢掉——软删除行会在恢复后「复活」，加密后的第三方
+// 密钥与 PIN 会全部丢失。
+type postgresBackupRow map[string]json.RawMessage
+
+type postgresBackupChunk struct {
+	Table string              `json:"table"`
+	Rows  []postgresBackupRow `json:"rows"`
+}
+
+// parseModelSchema 返回模型对应的表名与 GORM schema（逐列反射所需）。
+func parseModelSchema(db *gorm.DB, m any) (table string, sch *schema.Schema, err error) {
+	stmt := &gorm.Statement{DB: db}
+	if err := stmt.Parse(m); err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	return stmt.Schema.Table, stmt.Schema, nil
+}
+
+// postgresBackupModelSchemas 返回「表名 → 模型 schema / 结构体类型」，用于把备份
+// 里的行还原成 GORM 能插入的具体类型。
+func postgresBackupModelSchemas(db *gorm.DB) (map[string]*schema.Schema, map[string]reflect.Type, error) {
+	schemas := make(map[string]*schema.Schema, len(model.AllModels()))
+	types := make(map[string]reflect.Type, len(model.AllModels()))
+	for _, m := range model.AllModels() {
+		table, sch, err := parseModelSchema(db, m)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+		schemas[table] = sch
+		types[table] = reflect.TypeOf(m).Elem()
+	}
+	return schemas, types, nil
+}
+
+// createPostgresBackup 把全库导出成一个 gzip 压缩的 JSON Lines 文件。
+func (b *BackupService) createPostgresBackup(ctx context.Context, stamp string) (string, error) {
+	dst := filepath.Join(b.backupDir(), "mebox_"+stamp+postgresBackupSuffix)
+	tmp := dst + ".tmp"
+	file, err := os.OpenFile(tmp, os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL|os.O_WRONLY, 0o600)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	complete := false
+	defer func() {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		if !complete {
+			// 半截备份文件比没有备份更危险：留着会让人以为有可用的还原点。
+			_ = os.Remove(tmp)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	zw := gzip.NewWriter(file)
+	enc := json.NewEncoder(zw)
+	if err := enc.Encode(postgresBackupHeader{
+		Format:    postgresBackupFormat,
+		Version:   postgresBackupVersion,
+		CreatedAt: time.Now(),
+	}); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("写入备份头失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	var options []*sql.TxOptions
+	if b.isPostgres() {
+		options = append(options, &sql.TxOptions{Isolation: sql.LevelRepeatableRead, ReadOnly: true})
+	}
+	// Every table must come from the same snapshot, including while background
+	// workers are inserting related rows during an automatic backup.
+	if err := b.db.WithContext(ctx).Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		snapshot := *b
+		snapshot.db = tx
+		for _, m := range model.AllModels() {
+			table, sch, err := parseModelSchema(tx, m)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !tx.Migrator().HasTable(table) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := snapshot.dumpPostgresTable(ctx, m, sch, table, enc); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	}, options...); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if err := zw.Close(); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("压缩备份失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := file.Sync(); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("写入备份失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(tmp, dst); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	complete = true
+	return dst, nil
+}
+
+// dumpPostgresTable 按主键分块导出一张表。FindInBatches 会自己按主键升序游标
+// 翻页（WHERE pk > last），不会像 OFFSET 分页那样在大表上做 O(n²) 扫描。
+func (b *BackupService) dumpPostgresTable(ctx context.Context, m any, sch *schema.Schema, table string, enc *json.Encoder) error {
+	// 软删除行也要备份：恢复后应还原成删除前的样子，而不是让它们「复活」。
+	slicePtr := reflect.New(reflect.SliceOf(reflect.TypeOf(m).Elem()))
+	err := b.db.WithContext(ctx).Unscoped().
+		FindInBatches(slicePtr.Interface(), backupDumpChunkSize, func(_ *gorm.DB, _ int) error {
+			rows, err := encodePostgresBackupRows(ctx, sch, slicePtr.Elem())
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("编码表 %s 失败: %w", table, err)
+			}
+			return enc.Encode(postgresBackupChunk{Table: table, Rows: rows})
+		}).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("导出表 %s 失败: %w", table, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// backupPersistableFields 返回真正对应数据库列的字段。
+//
+// GORM 的 Schema.Fields 里还带着 gorm:"-" 的字段（例如 User.AllowedLibraryList、
+// LibraryTagList），它们的 DBName 是空字符串。不过滤的话多个「列」会共用空键：
+// 编码时互相覆盖，解码时把某个字段的值写到另一个字段上，报出
+// 「cannot unmarshal number into Go value of type []string」这类与真实数据无关的错。
+func backupPersistableFields(sch *schema.Schema) []*schema.Field {
+	out := make([]*schema.Field, 0, len(sch.Fields))
+	for _, field := range sch.Fields {
+		if field.DBName == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, field)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// encodePostgresBackupRows 逐列反射序列化一个批次。
+func encodePostgresBackupRows(ctx context.Context, sch *schema.Schema, slice reflect.Value) ([]postgresBackupRow, error) {
+	fields := backupPersistableFields(sch)
+	rows := make([]postgresBackupRow, 0, slice.Len())
+	for i := 0; i < slice.Len(); i++ {
+		element := slice.Index(i)
+		row := make(postgresBackupRow, len(fields))
+		for _, field := range fields {
+			value := field.ReflectValueOf(ctx, element)
+			if !value.IsValid() {
+				continue
+			}
+			raw, err := json.Marshal(value.Interface())
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("列 %s: %w", field.DBName, err)
+			}
+			row[field.DBName] = raw
+		}
+		rows = append(rows, row)
+	}
+	return rows, nil
+}
+
+// decodePostgresBackupRows 把「列名 → JSON 值」还原成可直接插入的具体切片。
+func decodePostgresBackupRows(ctx context.Context, sch *schema.Schema, modelType reflect.Type, rows []postgresBackupRow) (any, error) {
+	fields := backupPersistableFields(sch)
+	slice := reflect.MakeSlice(reflect.SliceOf(modelType), len(rows), len(rows))
+	for i, row := range rows {
+		element := slice.Index(i)
+		for _, field := range fields {
+			raw, ok := row[field.DBName]
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			holder := reflect.New(field.FieldType)
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, holder.Interface()); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("列 %s: %w", field.DBName, err)
+			}
+			if err := field.Set(ctx, element, holder.Elem().Interface()); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("列 %s: %w", field.DBName, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return slice.Interface(), nil
+}
+
+// restorePostgresBackup 用逻辑备份重建全库。
+func (b *BackupService) restorePostgresBackup(ctx context.Context, src string) error {
+	file, err := os.Open(src)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+	zr, err := gzip.NewReader(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("备份文件不是有效的 gzip: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer zr.Close()
+
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(zr)
+	var header postgresBackupHeader
+	if err := dec.Decode(&header); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("备份头损坏: %w", err)
+	}
+	if header.Format != postgresBackupFormat || header.Version != postgresBackupVersion {
+		return fmt.Errorf("不支持的备份格式 %q (v%d)", header.Format, header.Version)
+	}
+	schemas, modelTypes, err := postgresBackupModelSchemas(b.db)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// 恢复必须在单个事务里完成：清空成功后中途失败若不回滚，库就空了。
+	return b.db.WithContext(ctx).Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		// 逆序清空，保证 library_roots → libraries 这类外键先删子表。
+		models := model.AllModels()
+		for i := len(models) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+			m := models[i]
+			if !tx.Migrator().HasTable(m) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if err := tx.Session(&gorm.Session{AllowGlobalUpdate: true}).Unscoped().Delete(m).Error; err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("清空表失败: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		for {
+			var chunk postgresBackupChunk
+			decodeErr := dec.Decode(&chunk)
+			if errors.Is(decodeErr, io.EOF) {
+				return nil
+			}
+			if decodeErr != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("备份文件损坏: %w", decodeErr)
+			}
+			sch, ok := schemas[chunk.Table]
+			if !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("备份包含未知表 %s，可能来自不兼容的版本", chunk.Table)
+			}
+			if len(chunk.Rows) == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			rows, err := decodePostgresBackupRows(ctx, sch, modelTypes[chunk.Table], chunk.Rows)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("表 %s 解码失败: %w", chunk.Table, err)
+			}
+			if err := database.InsertPreservingValues(tx.Unscoped(), rows, backupRestoreBatchSize); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("恢复表 %s 失败: %w", chunk.Table, err)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/service/backup_postgres_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"compress/gzip"
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+func newBackupTestService(t *testing.T) (*BackupService, *config.Config) {
+	t.Helper()
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.App.DataDir = t.TempDir()
+	db := newServiceTestDB(t)
+	svc := &BackupService{cfg: cfg, log: zap.NewNop(), db: db}
+	// Create 会先建目录；直接调各方言的 create* 助手时需要它已存在。
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(svc.backupDir(), 0o750); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return svc, cfg
+}
+
+// TestPostgresLogicalBackupRoundTrip 验证「备份 → 改库 → 恢复」后整库回到备份时的
+// 样子，包括软删除行与 json:"-" 的列。
+//
+// 逻辑备份/恢复本身是方言无关的 GORM 代码（PostgreSQL 专有的只有文件后缀与
+// isPostgres() 分派），所以可以直接在 SQLite 上跑。
+func TestPostgresLogicalBackupRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	db := svc.db
+
+	lib := model.Library{Base: model.Base{ID: "lib-1"}, Name: "Movies", Path: "/media/movies", Type: "movie", Enabled: true}
+	if err := db.Create(&lib).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.LibraryRoot{Base: model.Base{ID: "root-1"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Path: "/media/movies"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "m-keep"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "Keep", Path: "/media/movies/keep.mkv"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "m-gone"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "Gone", Path: "/media/movies/gone.mkv"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Delete(&model.Media{}, "id = ?", "m-gone").Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Setting{Key: "k", Value: "v"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// 下面这些列都带 json:"-"：走结构体自带的 JSON 序列化会被整列丢掉，
+	// 恢复之后用户权限、置顶库、加密后的密钥会一起消失。
+	user := model.User{
+		Base:                 model.Base{ID: "u-1"},
+		Username:             "alice",
+		PasswordHash:         "hash",
+		Role:                 "user",
+		AllowedLibraryIDs:    `["lib-1"]`,
+		PinnedLibraryIDs:     `["lib-1"]`,
+		HideAdult:            true,
+		IsActive:             true,
+		DanmakuEnabled:       true,
+		PlayerVr360GuideSeen: true,
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&model.APIConfig{Base: model.Base{ID: "cfg-1"}, Provider: "tmdb", APIKey: "ciphertext", Enabled: true}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	dump, err := svc.createPostgresBackup(ctx, "20260101_000000")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("createPostgresBackup: %v", err)
+	}
+	if dump == "" {
+		t.Fatal("createPostgresBackup returned an empty path")
+	}
+
+	// 破坏当前数据：加一条备份里没有的、硬删一条备份里有的。
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "m-extra"}, LibraryID: lib.ID, Title: "Extra", Path: "/media/movies/extra.mkv"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := db.Unscoped().Delete(&model.Media{}, "id = ?", "m-keep").Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := svc.restorePostgresBackup(ctx, dump); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("restorePostgresBackup: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var ids []string
+	if err := db.Unscoped().Model(&model.Media{}).Order("id asc").Pluck("id", &ids).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if want := []string{"m-gone", "m-keep"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(ids, want) {
+		t.Fatalf("media ids after restore = %v, want %v", ids, want)
+	}
+
+	// 软删除状态必须原样还原，而不是被「复活」。
+	var gone model.Media
+	if err := db.Unscoped().First(&gone, "id = ?", "m-gone").Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !gone.DeletedAt.Valid {
+		t.Fatal("soft-deleted media was revived by restore")
+	}
+	var live int64
+	if err := db.Model(&model.Media{}).Where("id = ?", "m-keep").Count(&live).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if live != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("live media count = %d, want 1", live)
+	}
+
+	var value string
+	if err := db.Model(&model.Setting{}).Where("key = ?", "k").Select("value").Scan(&value).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if value != "v" {
+		t.Fatalf("setting value = %q, want v", value)
+	}
+	var libCount int64
+	if err := db.Model(&model.Library{}).Count(&libCount).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if libCount != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("library count = %d, want 1", libCount)
+	}
+	var rootCount int64
+	if err := db.Model(&model.LibraryRoot{}).Count(&rootCount).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if rootCount != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("library root count = %d, want 1", rootCount)
+	}
+
+	// json:"-" 的列必须同样被备份：它们是权限与凭据，丢了比丢一条媒体严重得多。
+	var restoredUser model.User
+	if err := db.First(&restoredUser, "id = ?", "u-1").Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if restoredUser.PasswordHash != "hash" {
+		t.Fatalf("password hash = %q, want hash", restoredUser.PasswordHash)
+	}
+	if restoredUser.AllowedLibraryIDs != `["lib-1"]` {
+		t.Fatalf(`allowed library ids = %q, want ["lib-1"]`, restoredUser.AllowedLibraryIDs)
+	}
+	if restoredUser.PinnedLibraryIDs != `["lib-1"]` {
+		t.Fatalf(`pinned library ids = %q, want ["lib-1"]`, restoredUser.PinnedLibraryIDs)
+	}
+	if !restoredUser.HideAdult || !restoredUser.IsActive || !restoredUser.DanmakuEnabled || !restoredUser.PlayerVr360GuideSeen {
+		t.Fatalf("boolean columns lost: %+v", restoredUser)
+	}
+
+	var restoredConfig model.APIConfig
+	if err := db.First(&restoredConfig, "id = ?", "cfg-1").Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if restoredConfig.APIKey != "ciphertext" {
+		t.Fatalf("api key = %q, want ciphertext", restoredConfig.APIKey)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRestorePostgresBackupKeepsDataOnCorruptFile 验证损坏的备份不会在回滚后留下
+// 半清空的库：恢复是先清空再插入，必须整体在一个事务里，否则中途失败就把库清掉了。
+func TestRestorePostgresBackupKeepsDataOnCorruptFile(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if err := svc.db.Create(&model.Setting{Key: "keep", Value: "me"}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	corrupt := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "broken.json.gz")
+	file, err := os.Create(corrupt)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	zw := gzip.NewWriter(file)
+	// 头部完整、正文半截：解码在清空表之后才会失败。
+	if _, err := zw.Write([]byte(
+		`{"format":"mebox-postgres-logical","version":1,"created_at":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z"}` + "\n" +
+			`{"table":"media","rows":[`)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := zw.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	if err := svc.restorePostgresBackup(ctx, corrupt); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("corrupt backup should fail to restore")
+	}
+
+	var value string
+	if err := svc.db.Model(&model.Setting{}).Where("key = ?", "keep").Select("value").Scan(&value).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if value != "me" {
+		t.Fatalf("a failed restore wiped the database: settings keep = %q", value)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRestoreRejectsBackupFromOtherDialect 验证备份文件与当前方言不匹配时给出明确
+// 错误，而不是把 SQLite 文件写到 PostgreSQL 部署的库路径上（那是原实现的隐患）。
+func TestRestoreRejectsBackupFromOtherDialect(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	pgStyle := filepath.Join(svc.backupDir(), "mebox_20260101_000000.json.gz")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(pgStyle, []byte("not-gzip"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// SQLite 路径下不允许恢复 PostgreSQL 逻辑备份。
+	if err := svc.Restore(context.Background(), filepath.Base(pgStyle)); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("SQLite restore accepted a PostgreSQL logical backup")
+	}
+}

internal/service/backup_retention_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestBackupRetentionPreservesManualAndOtherDialectBackups(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	names := []string{"mebox_auto_new.db", "mebox_auto_old.db", "mebox_manual.db", "mebox_auto_postgres.json.gz"}
+	for i, name := range names {
+		path := filepath.Join(svc.backupDir(), name)
+		if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte("fixture"), 0o600); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		when := time.Now().Add(-time.Duration(i) * time.Hour)
+		if err := os.Chtimes(path, when, when); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := svc.Prune(1); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, name := range names {
+		_, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(svc.backupDir(), name))
+		if name == "mebox_auto_old.db" {
+			if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				t.Fatalf("old automatic backup was retained: %v", err)
+			}
+		} else if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("backup %s should have been preserved: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBackupCreateUsesUniquePrivateCompletedFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	manual, err := svc.Create(t.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	automatic, err := svc.CreateAutomatic(t.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if manual.Filename == automatic.Filename || manual.Automatic || !automatic.Automatic {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid backup identities: manual=%#v automatic=%#v", manual, automatic)
+	}
+	items, err := svc.List()
+	if err != nil || len(items) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("completed backup list: items=%#v err=%v", items, err)
+	}
+	for _, item := range items {
+		info, err := os.Stat(item.Path)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if runtime.GOOS != "windows" && info.Mode().Perm() != 0o600 {
+			t.Fatalf("backup permissions are not private: %s err=%v", item.Path, err)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/service/backup_zero_values_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+func TestPostgresLogicalBackupPreservesZeroValues(t *testing.T) {
+	svc, _ := newBackupTestService(t)
+	user := model.User{Username: "disabled", PasswordHash: "hash"}
+	if err := svc.db.Create(&user).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := svc.db.Model(&user).Updates(map[string]any{
+		"is_active": false, "hide_adult": false, "player_volume": 0, "danmaku_enabled": false,
+	}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	dump, err := svc.createPostgresBackup(t.Context(), "zero-values")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := svc.restorePostgresBackup(t.Context(), dump); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var got model.User
+	if err := svc.db.First(&got, "id = ?", user.ID).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if got.IsActive || got.HideAdult || got.PlayerVolume != 0 || got.DanmakuEnabled {
+		t.Fatalf("restore replaced zero values: active=%v hide_adult=%v volume=%v danmaku=%v", got.IsActive, got.HideAdult, got.PlayerVolume, got.DanmakuEnabled)
+	}
+}

internal/service/cloud115/url_cache.go

@@ -1,26 +1,34 @@
 // 下载直链进程级缓存。
 //
-// 115 的 /open/ufile/downurl 换取结果在一段时间内有效，且换取请求是
-// WAF 风控重点关注的密集接口。缓存按 pickcode 存直链、避免对同一文件
-// 反复换取；下载失败（http 403/404 等）时由调用方主动清除对应条目，
-// 下一轮重试会重新换取链接。
+// 115 的 /open/ufile/downurl 换取结果带 `t=` 过期时间戳（实测为「换取时刻 +
+// 1800 秒」，即 30 分钟），且换取请求是 WAF 风控重点关注的密集接口。缓存按
+// pickcode 存直链、避免对同一文件反复换取；下载失败（http 403/404 等）时由
+// 调用方主动清除对应条目，下一轮重试会重新换取链接。
 package cloud115
 
 import (
+	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 )
 
-// downloadURLCacheTTL 直链缓存时长。115 直链一般有效 1 小时左右，
-// 取 45 分钟留出余量。QMediaSync 同类缓存使用 50 分钟。
-const downloadURLCacheTTL = 45 * time.Minute
+// downloadURLCacheMaxTTL 直链缓存上限：仅在解析不出直链自带过期时间（`t=`）
+// 时使用。115 直链实际有效 30 分钟，这里取 45 分钟只是兜底上限，正常情况下
+// 由 linkExpirySafety 提前失效，避免把已经过期的直链发给客户端。
+const downloadURLCacheMaxTTL = 45 * time.Minute
+
+// linkExpirySafety 提前量：直链自身的过期时间戳到达前就停止使用，留出客户端
+// 建连与传输的余量，防止出现「服务端认为还有效、CDN 已经 403」的窗口。
+const linkExpirySafety = 2 * time.Minute
 
 // maxCachedURLs 超过该数量时顺带清理过期条目，防止 map 无限膨胀。
 const maxCachedURLs = 10000
 
 type urlCacheEntry struct {
 	url       string
+	createdAt time.Time
 	expiresAt time.Time
 }
 
@@ -37,6 +45,43 @@ func urlCacheKey(pickCode, ua string) string {
 	return pickCode + "@" + ua
 }
 
+// LinkExpiry 解析 115 直链自带的过期时间戳（`t=` 参数，单位秒）。
+// 解析不出时返回零值，调用方按兜底 TTL 处理。
+func LinkExpiry(rawURL string) time.Time {
+	u, err := url.Parse(strings.TrimSpace(rawURL))
+	if err != nil || u == nil {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	raw := strings.TrimSpace(u.Query().Get("t"))
+	if raw == "" {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	sec, err := strconv.ParseInt(raw, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil || sec <= 0 {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	return time.Unix(sec, 0)
+}
+
+// cacheExpiry 计算写入缓存时应使用的过期时刻：跟随直链自身的 `t=` 并提前
+// linkExpirySafety，解析不出时退回 downloadURLCacheMaxTTL。返回零值表示这条
+// 直链已经过期，不应写入缓存。
+func cacheExpiry(rawURL string, now time.Time) time.Time {
+	maxExpiry := now.Add(downloadURLCacheMaxTTL)
+	linkExpiry := LinkExpiry(rawURL)
+	if linkExpiry.IsZero() {
+		return maxExpiry
+	}
+	expiry := linkExpiry.Add(-linkExpirySafety)
+	if !expiry.After(now) {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	if expiry.After(maxExpiry) {
+		return maxExpiry
+	}
+	return expiry
+}
+
 // GetDownloadURLCache 返回未过期的缓存直链；不存在或已过期返回空串。
 func GetDownloadURLCache(pickCode string, uas ...string) string {
 	if pickCode == "" {
@@ -59,11 +104,17 @@ func GetDownloadURLCache(pickCode string, uas ...string) string {
 	return entry.url
 }
 
-// SetDownloadURLCache 写入直链缓存。
+// SetDownloadURLCache 写入直链缓存。过期时刻跟随直链自身的 `t=`，已经过期的
+// 直链直接丢弃，避免把死链缓存下来。
 func SetDownloadURLCache(pickCode string, url string, uas ...string) {
 	if pickCode == "" || url == "" {
 		return
 	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	expiresAt := cacheExpiry(url, now)
+	if expiresAt.IsZero() {
+		return
+	}
 	ua := ""
 	if len(uas) > 0 {
 		ua = uas[0]
@@ -71,7 +122,6 @@ func SetDownloadURLCache(pickCode string, url string, uas ...string) {
 	urlCacheMu.Lock()
 	defer urlCacheMu.Unlock()
 	if len(urlCache) >= maxCachedURLs {
-		now := time.Now()
 		for k, e := range urlCache {
 			if now.After(e.expiresAt) {
 				delete(urlCache, k)
@@ -79,7 +129,7 @@ func SetDownloadURLCache(pickCode string, url string, uas ...string) {
 		}
 	}
 	key := urlCacheKey(pickCode, ua)
-	urlCache[key] = urlCacheEntry{url: url, expiresAt: time.Now().Add(downloadURLCacheTTL)}
+	urlCache[key] = urlCacheEntry{url: url, createdAt: now, expiresAt: expiresAt}
 }
 
 // ClearDownloadURLCache 删除指定 pickcode 的所有缓存（下载得到非 2xx 时调用）。
@@ -95,3 +145,32 @@ func ClearDownloadURLCache(pickCode string) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// ClearDownloadURLCacheIfOlderThan 删除指定 pickcode 下「已经存在超过 minAge」
+// 的缓存条目，返回是否删除了至少一条。
+//
+// 客户端上报「直链被 CDN 拒绝」时用它强制换链：既让下一次解析拿到新地址，
+// 又不会让同一秒内的重试风暴把 115 换链接口打出突发。
+func ClearDownloadURLCacheIfOlderThan(pickCode string, minAge time.Duration) bool {
+	if pickCode == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	if minAge < 0 {
+		minAge = 0
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	removed := false
+	urlCacheMu.Lock()
+	defer urlCacheMu.Unlock()
+	for k, e := range urlCache {
+		if k != pickCode && !strings.HasPrefix(k, pickCode+"@") {
+			continue
+		}
+		if now.Sub(e.createdAt) < minAge {
+			continue
+		}
+		delete(urlCache, k)
+		removed = true
+	}
+	return removed
+}

internal/service/cloud115/url_cache_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package cloud115
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -29,3 +30,72 @@ func TestDownloadURLCache(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("cleared entry should be a miss, got %q", got)
 	}
 }
+
+// 115 直链自带 `t=` 过期时间戳（实测为换取时刻 + 1800 秒）。缓存必须跟随它，
+// 否则会出现「服务端认为还有效、CDN 已经 403」的窗口：直链被缓存到 45 分钟，
+// 但第 30 分钟起客户端就必然拿到 403。
+func TestDownloadURLCacheExpiryFollowsLinkTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	link := fmt.Sprintf("https://cdn/1/a.mkv?t=%d&u=1&k=abc", now.Add(30*time.Minute).Unix())
+
+	got := cacheExpiry(link, now)
+	want := now.Add(30*time.Minute - linkExpirySafety)
+	if diff := got.Sub(want); diff > time.Second || diff < -time.Second {
+		t.Fatalf("cacheExpiry = %v, want %v", got, want)
+	}
+
+	// 解析不出 t= 时退回兜底 TTL，保持旧行为。
+	fallback := cacheExpiry("https://cdn/1/a.mkv", now)
+	if diff := fallback.Sub(now.Add(downloadURLCacheMaxTTL)); diff > time.Second || diff < -time.Second {
+		t.Fatalf("fallback cacheExpiry = %v, want %v", fallback, now.Add(downloadURLCacheMaxTTL))
+	}
+
+	// 直链本身已经过期（或只剩不足提前量的寿命）时不进缓存。
+	if got := cacheExpiry(fmt.Sprintf("https://cdn/1/a.mkv?t=%d", now.Add(-time.Minute).Unix()), now); !got.IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("expired link must not be cached, got expiry %v", got)
+	}
+	if got := cacheExpiry(fmt.Sprintf("https://cdn/1/a.mkv?t=%d", now.Add(time.Minute).Unix()), now); !got.IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("link expiring inside the safety margin must not be cached, got %v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// 客户端上报「直链被 CDN 拒绝」时按 pickcode 清缓存，但要挡住刚写入的条目，
+// 避免重试风暴把 115 换链接口打出突发。
+func TestClearDownloadURLCacheIfOlderThan(t *testing.T) {
+	urlCacheMu.Lock()
+	urlCache = map[string]urlCacheEntry{}
+	urlCacheMu.Unlock()
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		urlCacheMu.Lock()
+		urlCache = map[string]urlCacheEntry{}
+		urlCacheMu.Unlock()
+	})
+
+	future := time.Now().Add(30 * time.Minute)
+	link := fmt.Sprintf("https://cdn/1/a.mkv?t=%d", future.Unix())
+	SetDownloadURLCache("pick-fresh", link, "ua-a")
+	if ClearDownloadURLCacheIfOlderThan("pick-fresh", time.Minute) {
+		t.Fatal("fresh entry must survive the min-age guard")
+	}
+	if got := GetDownloadURLCache("pick-fresh", "ua-a"); got != link {
+		t.Fatalf("fresh entry lost, got %q", got)
+	}
+
+	SetDownloadURLCache("pick-old", link, "ua-a")
+	urlCacheMu.Lock()
+	entry := urlCache[urlCacheKey("pick-old", "ua-a")]
+	entry.createdAt = time.Now().Add(-10 * time.Minute)
+	urlCache[urlCacheKey("pick-old", "ua-a")] = entry
+	urlCacheMu.Unlock()
+
+	if !ClearDownloadURLCacheIfOlderThan("pick-old", time.Minute) {
+		t.Fatal("stale entry should be cleared")
+	}
+	if got := GetDownloadURLCache("pick-old", "ua-a"); got != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("stale entry should be gone, got %q", got)
+	}
+	// 无关 pickcode 不受影响。
+	if got := GetDownloadURLCache("pick-fresh", "ua-a"); got != link {
+		t.Fatalf("unrelated pickcode lost, got %q", got)
+	}
+}

internal/service/cloud115_hls_authorization_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestCloud115HLSChildRejectsMismatchedSessionMediaBeforeFetch(t *testing.T) {
+	fetched := false
+	proxy := &Cloud115HLSProxy{sessions: map[string]*cloud115HLSSession{}}
+	proxy.client = &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		fetched = true
+		return &http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusOK, Header: http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"video/mp2t"}}, Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("private-segment")), Request: req}, nil
+	})}
+	proxy.sessions["session-b"] = &cloud115HLSSession{
+		ID: "session-b", MediaID: "media-b", ExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(time.Hour),
+		entries: map[string]string{"segment": "https://cpats01.115.com/seg.ts"},
+	}
+	for _, query := range []string{"?media_id=media-a", ""} {
+		fetched = false
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/cloud115/hls/session-b/segment"+query, nil)
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		err := proxy.ServeChild(context.Background(), rec, req, "session-b", "segment")
+		if err == nil || fetched {
+			t.Errorf("query %q must reject the wrong/missing media before fetch; err=%v fetched=%v", query, err, fetched)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/service/cloud115_hls_proxy.go

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound = errors.New("115 hls session not found")
-	ErrCloud115HLSUpstreamExpired = errors.New("115 hls upstream expired")
+	ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound      = errors.New("115 hls session not found")
+	ErrCloud115HLSUpstreamExpired      = errors.New("115 hls upstream expired")
+	ErrCloud115HLSSessionMediaMismatch = errors.New("115 hls session media mismatch")
 )
 
 const (
@@ -131,6 +132,9 @@ func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) ServeChild(ctx context.Context, w http.ResponseWriter
 	if !ok {
 		return ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound
 	}
+	if r == nil || strings.TrimSpace(r.URL.Query().Get("media_id")) != session.MediaID {
+		return ErrCloud115HLSSessionMediaMismatch
+	}
 	resp, err := p.fetchUpstream(ctx, upstream, r.Header.Get("Range"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -186,6 +190,15 @@ func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) ServeChild(ctx context.Context, w http.ResponseWriter
 	return err
 }
 
+// SessionMediaID resolves the server-owned media identity before handler authorization.
+func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) SessionMediaID(sessionID, key string) (string, error) {
+	session, _, ok := p.lookup(sessionID, key)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound
+	}
+	return session.MediaID, nil
+}
+
 func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) newSession(mediaID string, definition int) *cloud115HLSSession {
 	now := time.Now()
 	return &cloud115HLSSession{

internal/service/cloud115_playback.go

@@ -104,11 +104,13 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) HLSProxy() *Cloud115HLSProxy {
 	return s.proxy
 }
 
-// PlaybackInfo 返回媒体在 direct/115-cloud/local 三种模式下的能力描述。
-//
-// requestedDefinition 为空或 0 时默认选择 1080P；该档位不可用时返回
-// transcoding 状态（并只触发一次加速转码，避免轮询风暴）。
+// PlaybackInfo only reads direct/115-cloud/local playback capabilities.
+// Cloud work is queued exclusively by StartTranscode, never by polling.
 func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) PlaybackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, requestedDefinition int) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
+	return s.playbackInfo(ctx, mediaID, requestedDefinition, false)
+}
+
+func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) playbackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, requestedDefinition int, startTranscode bool) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
 	if s == nil || s.repo == nil || s.repo.Media == nil {
 		return nil, ErrMediaNotFound
 	}
@@ -179,13 +181,26 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) PlaybackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID stri
 		return info, nil
 	}
 
-	info.Transcode = s.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, account.ID, pickCode, selected, client)
+	if startTranscode {
+		info.Transcode = s.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, account.ID, pickCode, selected, client)
+	} else {
+		info.Transcode = Cloud115TranscodeState{
+			State: "idle", Definition: selected.ID, Message: "该清晰度尚未就绪，可请求 115 云端转码", RetryAfterSec: 5,
+		}
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		if last, ok := s.pushState[account.ID+":"+pickCode]; ok {
+			info.Transcode.State = "transcoding"
+			info.Transcode.Message = last.message
+			info.Transcode.StartedAt = last.at.Unix()
+		}
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+	}
 	return info, nil
 }
 
 // StartTranscode 显式触发某个清晰度的云端转码，返回最新状态。
 func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) StartTranscode(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, definition int) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
-	return s.PlaybackInfo(ctx, mediaID, definition)
+	return s.playbackInfo(ctx, mediaID, definition, true)
 }
 
 // ResolveCloud115URL 返回指定清晰度的 115 云端 m3u8 地址。
@@ -258,6 +273,9 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) ensureCloudTranscode(
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	// Reserve the in-flight attempt before releasing the lock. Two simultaneous
+	// explicit starts must not both submit a push while the first awaits 115.
+	s.pushState[key] = cloud115PushAttempt{at: now, message: "正在提交 115 云端转码请求…"}
 	s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	err := client.SubmitVideoPush(ctx, pickCode, "vip_push")

internal/service/cloud115_playback_test.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service/cloud115"
 )
 
-func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoIsReadOnlyAndStartTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	var playCalls int32
 	var pushCalls int32
 	var ready int32
@@ -93,9 +93,16 @@ func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svc := NewCloud115PlaybackService(nil, zap.NewNop(), repos, strm)
 
-	info, err := svc.PlaybackInfo(ctx, media.ID, 0)
+	if _, err := svc.PlaybackInfo(ctx, media.ID, 0); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read playback info: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := atomic.LoadInt32(&pushCalls); got != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("read-only playback info triggered %d cloud transcode pushes", got)
+	}
+
+	info, err := svc.StartTranscode(ctx, media.ID, 0)
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("first playback info: %v", err)
+		t.Fatalf("start transcode: %v", err)
 	}
 	if info.Provider != model.StrmProvider115 || info.DefaultQuality != "4" {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected playback info: %#v", info)