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docs/superpowers/plans/2026-10-21-playback-correctness-isolation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Playback Correctness and Isolation Implementation Plan
+
+**Goal:** Fix the five playback defects from the 2026-10-21 review and make playback capability queries side-effect-free, without replacing the player or adding dependencies.
+
+**Scope:** The user approved implementing the reviewed fixes. Work in the current clean checkout; do not commit, push, deploy, or alter unrelated files.
+
+## Design and invariants
+
+- Keep existing media IDs, stream routes, direct playback and external-player URLs compatible.
+- Add optional `session_id` to local HLS requests. Authenticated handlers supply the actual user identity; a client parameter never supplies the owner. New web playback sessions use random IDs. Legacy clients are isolated by user and, where available, Emby play-session/device identity.
+- Keep transcoder media lookup/logging separate from its internal task key. A task key incorporates user, media and playback session. Each actual ffmpeg run writes to a fresh generation directory, so delayed segment requests never read a replacement run's output.
+- Stop only the authenticated caller's playback session. Check media visibility and scoped playback tokens on stop, just as on playlist/segment requests. Segment and playlist queries must match the running generation.
+- Cloud child requests resolve their real session media first, compare query media, enforce token scope and visibility against the real media, and reject mismatches before upstream fetch.
+- Treat player business positions as absolute source seconds. Only local HLS converts to/from a relative ffmpeg timeline.
+- Invalidate outstanding cloud-transcode requests on media/unmount, explicit source/quality changes, and newer requests. Guard both fulfilled and rejected responses.
+- Select local fallbacks only from available local qualities. Keep the existing 115-first preference when a cloud quality is available.
+- `PlaybackInfo` only reads capabilities/status. Explicit `StartTranscode` requests enqueue cloud work. Retain pending/ready response contracts, polling, and retries.
+
+## Tasks
+
+1. Add regression tests for local-scope isolation, stale generations, stop authorization, cloud media binding, pure capability reads, timeline conversion, available-local selection and stale async results. Run tests before implementation and verify the intended failures.
+2. Add tested playback helpers; route skip/undo/progress/quality/subtitle calculations through the common absolute timeline; guard cloud transcode results and fix local fallback choice.
+3. Extend existing transcoder/stream methods with an optional scope, preserve legacy internal calls, isolate task keys/output directories, and pass caller scope from web and Emby handlers. Bind web local HLS URLs and stop requests to captured session IDs.
+4. Enforce real-media authorization on cloud child requests and authenticated ownership on local stop.
+5. Split read-only cloud capability lookup from explicit cloud enqueue. Update existing cloud tests to use the explicit start operation and test no push during reads.
+6. Run focused and full Go tests, frontend tests, TypeScript/Vite build, lint diagnostics and review the diff for security, lifecycle and API compatibility. Fix regressions before reporting completion.
+
+## Verification commands
+
+- `node --experimental-strip-types --test src/pages/hlsPlayback.test.ts src/pages/directPlaySeek.test.ts src/pages/playerPageModel.test.ts src/pages/playbackQuality.test.ts src/pages/playbackRequestGuard.test.ts src/utils/skipSegments.test.ts`
+- `go test ./internal/service ./internal/handler ./internal/middleware -count=1`
+- `go test ./...`
+- `npm run build` and targeted ESLint for changed frontend files.
+
+## Out of scope
+
+New remux/audio-only ffmpeg pipelines, speculative browser codec policy changes, player replacement, broad UI refactors, performance improvement claims without measurements, and production deployment.
+
+## Verification outcome
+
+- Six frontend playback regression scripts pass; targeted ESLint and the TypeScript/Vite production build pass. The existing bundle-size warning remains.
+- Playback/stream/transcode/progress tests in service, handler and middleware pass, including scoped output reads, stale generation rejection, scoped stops, device-to-segment propagation, read-only capability queries and concurrent cloud start deduplication.
+- Whole-repository tests pass with only `TestQueueLibraryRootScanImportsNewLibraryMedia` and `TestSQLiteRestoreStagesWithoutChangingLiveDatabase` excluded. Both were run independently and reproduce Windows file-lock / SQLite errors in unmodified scan/database code. They are not silently disabled in source.
+- FFmpeg is not installed in this environment, so the existing real-transcode lifecycle test skips. Actual video, upstream 115 and browser end-to-end playback remain unverified.
+- Clients with no playback-session or device identifier retain per-user legacy isolation; new web requests always carry an independent session ID.
+- No commit, push or deployment was performed.

internal/handler/cloud115_playback.go

@@ -124,10 +124,32 @@ func cloud115HLSSessionHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "missing media_id"})
 			return
 		}
-		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, mediaID) {
+		if c.Request.Context().Err() != nil {
+			c.AbortWithStatus(499)
 			return
 		}
-		err := svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().ServeChild(
+		actualMediaID, err := svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().SessionMediaID(c.Param("session"), c.Param("key"))
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"code": "hls_session_not_found", "error": "hls session not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		if mediaID != actualMediaID {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "playback session media mismatch"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, actualMediaID) {
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.Repo == nil || svc.Repo.Media == nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		m, findErr := svc.Repo.Media.FindByID(c.Request.Context(), actualMediaID)
+		if findErr != nil || m == nil || !mediaVisibleForRequest(c, svc, m) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Cloud115.HLSProxy().ServeChild(
 			c.Request.Context(),
 			c.Writer,
 			c.Request,

internal/handler/emby_playback.go

@@ -418,7 +418,11 @@ func embyVideoHLSPlaylistHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), scope)
 		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrTranscodeDisabled) {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "transcode disabled"})
 			return
@@ -444,7 +448,11 @@ func embyVideoHLSSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 			return
 		}
-		if err := svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg")); err != nil {
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		if err := svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"), scope); err != nil {
 			c.Status(http.StatusNotFound)
 		}
 	}

internal/handler/hls_session_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package handler
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/middleware"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service"
+)
+
+func TestStopHLSChecksMediaVisibility(t *testing.T) {
+	router, svc, secret := newPlaybackScopeTestRouter(t)
+	svc.Transcoder = service.NewTranscoderService(svc.Cfg, zap.NewNop(), svc.Repo, nil)
+	router.DELETE("/api/hls/:id", middleware.AuthRequired(secret), stopTranscodeHandler(svc))
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodDelete, "/api/hls/nonexistent?session_id=player-a", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+signedTestToken(t, secret))
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("stop of a nonexistent/invisible media: status=%d body=%s, want 404", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+	profile := &model.PlayProfile{UserID: "user-1", Name: "restricted", IsDefault: true, AllowedLibraryIDs: `["other-library"]`}
+	if err := svc.Repo.DB.Create(profile).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	req = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodDelete, "/api/hls/media-1?session_id=player-a", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+signedTestToken(t, secret))
+	rec = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	router.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("invisible existing media can be stopped: %d %s", rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+}

internal/handler/streaming.go

@@ -27,7 +27,15 @@ func hlsPlaylistHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSPlaylist(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), scope)
+		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrHLSGenerationSuperseded) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"code": "hls_generation_superseded", "error": err.Error()})
+			return
+		}
 		if errors.Is(err, service.ErrMediaNotFound) {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "not found"})
 			return
@@ -62,7 +70,11 @@ func hlsSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
 			return
 		}
-		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"))
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		err = svc.Stream.ServeHLSSegment(c.Writer, c.Request, c.Param("id"), c.Param("seg"), scope)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 			return
@@ -72,11 +84,39 @@ func hlsSegmentHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 
 func stopTranscodeHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
-		svc.Transcoder.StopJob(c.Param("id"))
+		m, err := findMediaForPlaybackEndpoint(c, svc, c.Param("id"))
+		if err != nil || m == nil || !mediaVisibleForRequest(c, svc, m) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "media not found"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !enforceScopedPlaybackToken(c, m.ID) {
+			return
+		}
+		scope, ok := localHLSPlaybackScope(c)
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		if svc.Transcoder != nil {
+			svc.Transcoder.StopPlayback(m.ID, scope)
+		}
 		c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
 	}
 }
 
+func localHLSPlaybackScope(c *gin.Context) (service.HLSPlaybackScope, bool) {
+	userID := currentUserID(c)
+	if userID == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "missing playback owner"})
+		return service.HLSPlaybackScope{}, false
+	}
+	scope, err := service.HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(c.Request, userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return service.HLSPlaybackScope{}, false
+	}
+	return scope, true
+}
+
 func imageProxyHandler(svc *service.Container) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		raw := c.Query("url")

internal/service/cloud115_hls_authorization_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestCloud115HLSChildRejectsMismatchedSessionMediaBeforeFetch(t *testing.T) {
+	fetched := false
+	proxy := &Cloud115HLSProxy{sessions: map[string]*cloud115HLSSession{}}
+	proxy.client = &http.Client{Transport: roundTripFunc(func(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+		fetched = true
+		return &http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusOK, Header: http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"video/mp2t"}}, Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("private-segment")), Request: req}, nil
+	})}
+	proxy.sessions["session-b"] = &cloud115HLSSession{
+		ID: "session-b", MediaID: "media-b", ExpiresAt: time.Now().Add(time.Hour),
+		entries: map[string]string{"segment": "https://cpats01.115.com/seg.ts"},
+	}
+	for _, query := range []string{"?media_id=media-a", ""} {
+		fetched = false
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/cloud115/hls/session-b/segment"+query, nil)
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		err := proxy.ServeChild(context.Background(), rec, req, "session-b", "segment")
+		if err == nil || fetched {
+			t.Errorf("query %q must reject the wrong/missing media before fetch; err=%v fetched=%v", query, err, fetched)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/service/cloud115_hls_proxy.go

@@ -20,8 +20,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound = errors.New("115 hls session not found")
-	ErrCloud115HLSUpstreamExpired = errors.New("115 hls upstream expired")
+	ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound      = errors.New("115 hls session not found")
+	ErrCloud115HLSUpstreamExpired      = errors.New("115 hls upstream expired")
+	ErrCloud115HLSSessionMediaMismatch = errors.New("115 hls session media mismatch")
 )
 
 const (
@@ -131,6 +132,9 @@ func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) ServeChild(ctx context.Context, w http.ResponseWriter
 	if !ok {
 		return ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound
 	}
+	if r == nil || strings.TrimSpace(r.URL.Query().Get("media_id")) != session.MediaID {
+		return ErrCloud115HLSSessionMediaMismatch
+	}
 	resp, err := p.fetchUpstream(ctx, upstream, r.Header.Get("Range"))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -186,6 +190,15 @@ func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) ServeChild(ctx context.Context, w http.ResponseWriter
 	return err
 }
 
+// SessionMediaID resolves the server-owned media identity before handler authorization.
+func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) SessionMediaID(sessionID, key string) (string, error) {
+	session, _, ok := p.lookup(sessionID, key)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", ErrCloud115HLSSessionNotFound
+	}
+	return session.MediaID, nil
+}
+
 func (p *Cloud115HLSProxy) newSession(mediaID string, definition int) *cloud115HLSSession {
 	now := time.Now()
 	return &cloud115HLSSession{

internal/service/cloud115_playback.go

@@ -104,11 +104,13 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) HLSProxy() *Cloud115HLSProxy {
 	return s.proxy
 }
 
-// PlaybackInfo 返回媒体在 direct/115-cloud/local 三种模式下的能力描述。
-//
-// requestedDefinition 为空或 0 时默认选择 1080P；该档位不可用时返回
-// transcoding 状态（并只触发一次加速转码，避免轮询风暴）。
+// PlaybackInfo only reads direct/115-cloud/local playback capabilities.
+// Cloud work is queued exclusively by StartTranscode, never by polling.
 func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) PlaybackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, requestedDefinition int) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
+	return s.playbackInfo(ctx, mediaID, requestedDefinition, false)
+}
+
+func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) playbackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, requestedDefinition int, startTranscode bool) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
 	if s == nil || s.repo == nil || s.repo.Media == nil {
 		return nil, ErrMediaNotFound
 	}
@@ -179,13 +181,26 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) PlaybackInfo(ctx context.Context, mediaID stri
 		return info, nil
 	}
 
-	info.Transcode = s.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, account.ID, pickCode, selected, client)
+	if startTranscode {
+		info.Transcode = s.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, account.ID, pickCode, selected, client)
+	} else {
+		info.Transcode = Cloud115TranscodeState{
+			State: "idle", Definition: selected.ID, Message: "该清晰度尚未就绪，可请求 115 云端转码", RetryAfterSec: 5,
+		}
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		if last, ok := s.pushState[account.ID+":"+pickCode]; ok {
+			info.Transcode.State = "transcoding"
+			info.Transcode.Message = last.message
+			info.Transcode.StartedAt = last.at.Unix()
+		}
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+	}
 	return info, nil
 }
 
 // StartTranscode 显式触发某个清晰度的云端转码，返回最新状态。
 func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) StartTranscode(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, definition int) (*PlaybackInfo, error) {
-	return s.PlaybackInfo(ctx, mediaID, definition)
+	return s.playbackInfo(ctx, mediaID, definition, true)
 }
 
 // ResolveCloud115URL 返回指定清晰度的 115 云端 m3u8 地址。
@@ -258,6 +273,9 @@ func (s *Cloud115PlaybackService) ensureCloudTranscode(
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	// Reserve the in-flight attempt before releasing the lock. Two simultaneous
+	// explicit starts must not both submit a push while the first awaits 115.
+	s.pushState[key] = cloud115PushAttempt{at: now, message: "正在提交 115 云端转码请求…"}
 	s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	err := client.SubmitVideoPush(ctx, pickCode, "vip_push")

internal/service/cloud115_playback_test.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service/cloud115"
 )
 
-func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoIsReadOnlyAndStartTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	var playCalls int32
 	var pushCalls int32
 	var ready int32
@@ -93,9 +93,16 @@ func TestCloud115PlaybackInfoTriggersTranscodeOnce(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	svc := NewCloud115PlaybackService(nil, zap.NewNop(), repos, strm)
 
-	info, err := svc.PlaybackInfo(ctx, media.ID, 0)
+	if _, err := svc.PlaybackInfo(ctx, media.ID, 0); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read playback info: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := atomic.LoadInt32(&pushCalls); got != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("read-only playback info triggered %d cloud transcode pushes", got)
+	}
+
+	info, err := svc.StartTranscode(ctx, media.ID, 0)
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("first playback info: %v", err)
+		t.Fatalf("start transcode: %v", err)
 	}
 	if info.Provider != model.StrmProvider115 || info.DefaultQuality != "4" {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected playback info: %#v", info)

internal/service/cloud115_transcode_concurrency_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/service/cloud115"
+)
+
+func TestCloud115ConcurrentStartsDoNotDuplicateInFlightPush(t *testing.T) {
+	started := make(chan struct{})
+	release := make(chan struct{})
+	var releaseOnce sync.Once
+	var pushCalls atomic.Int32
+	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if pushCalls.Add(1) == 1 {
+			close(started)
+		}
+		<-release
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{"state": true, "code": 0, "data": []any{}})
+	}))
+	defer server.Close()
+	defer releaseOnce.Do(func() { close(release) })
+	oldBase := cloud115.ProAPIBase
+	cloud115.ProAPIBase = server.URL
+	defer func() { cloud115.ProAPIBase = oldBase }()
+	client := cloud115.NewOpenClient("review-app", "access", "refresh")
+	svc := NewCloud115PlaybackService(nil, zap.NewNop(), nil, nil)
+	quality := PlaybackQuality{ID: "4", Label: "1080P", Source: "cloud"}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(t.Context(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	first := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() { defer close(first); svc.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, "account", "pick", quality, client) }()
+	select {
+	case <-started:
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		t.Fatal("first push did not reach the local server")
+	}
+	second := make(chan Cloud115TranscodeState, 1)
+	go func() { second <- svc.ensureCloudTranscode(ctx, "account", "pick", quality, client) }()
+	secondReceived := false
+	select {
+	case state := <-second:
+		secondReceived = true
+		if state.State != "transcoding" {
+			t.Errorf("in-flight request should be reported as transcoding: %#v", state)
+		}
+	case <-time.After(250 * time.Millisecond):
+		t.Error("second start issued another request instead of reusing the in-flight push")
+	}
+	releaseOnce.Do(func() { close(release) })
+	select {
+	case <-first:
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		t.Fatal("first push did not finish")
+	}
+	// The duplicate path is awaited before restoring the package-wide fake API.
+	if !secondReceived {
+		select {
+		case <-second:
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			t.Fatal("second start did not finish")
+		}
+	}
+	if got := pushCalls.Load(); got != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("pushes=%d, want 1", got)
+	}
+}

internal/service/hls_session.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+var ErrInvalidHLSPlaybackScope = errors.New("invalid HLS playback scope")
+var ErrHLSGenerationSuperseded = errors.New("HLS playback generation superseded")
+
+// HLSPlaybackScope separates a media's independent users and player instances.
+// UserID must come from server authentication, never from a request parameter.
+type HLSPlaybackScope struct {
+	UserID    string
+	SessionID string
+}
+
+func HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(r *http.Request, userID string) (HLSPlaybackScope, error) {
+	scope := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: strings.TrimSpace(userID)}
+	if scope.UserID == "" || r == nil {
+		return scope, ErrInvalidHLSPlaybackScope
+	}
+	for _, key := range []string{"session_id", "PlaySessionId", "playSessionId", "DeviceId", "deviceId"} {
+		if value := strings.TrimSpace(r.URL.Query().Get(key)); value != "" {
+			scope.SessionID = value
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if scope.SessionID == "" {
+		if device := strings.TrimSpace(r.Header.Get("X-Emby-Device-Id")); device != "" {
+			scope.SessionID = device
+		}
+	}
+	if len(scope.SessionID) > 256 || strings.IndexFunc(scope.SessionID, unicode.IsControl) >= 0 {
+		return scope, ErrInvalidHLSPlaybackScope
+	}
+	// Clients without a session/device identifier remain compatible but only
+	// share a legacy task with the same authenticated user, never other users.
+	return scope, nil
+}
+
+func (scope HLSPlaybackScope) jobKey(mediaID string) string {
+	if scope.UserID == "" && scope.SessionID == "" {
+		return mediaID // Existing internal callers/tests retain their legacy API.
+	}
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(scope.UserID + "\x00" + mediaID + "\x00" + scope.SessionID))
+	return "player-" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+}
+
+func hlsPlaybackJobKey(mediaID string, scopes []HLSPlaybackScope) string {
+	if len(scopes) == 0 {
+		return mediaID
+	}
+	return scopes[0].jobKey(mediaID)
+}
+
+func (job *hlsJob) key() string {
+	if job.jobKey != "" {
+		return job.jobKey
+	}
+	return job.mediaID
+}
+
+func (t *TranscoderService) jobPlaylistPath(job *hlsJob) string {
+	dir := job.outputDir
+	if dir == "" {
+		dir = t.HLSDir(job.key())
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(dir, "index.m3u8")
+}
+
+// hlsOutputDir captures one immutable run directory. Even if a new run starts
+// after this check, the request cannot accidentally open its replacement files.
+func (t *TranscoderService) hlsOutputDir(key string, generation int64) (string, error) {
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+	job := t.jobs[key]
+	if job == nil {
+		return "", ErrMediaNotFound
+	}
+	if job.seekGen != generation {
+		return "", ErrHLSGenerationSuperseded
+	}
+	t.touchJobLocked(key)
+	if job.outputDir != "" {
+		return job.outputDir, nil
+	}
+	return t.HLSDir(key), nil
+}
+
+func (t *TranscoderService) StopPlayback(mediaID string, scope HLSPlaybackScope) {
+	key := scope.jobKey(mediaID)
+	unlock := t.lockJobStart(key)
+	defer unlock()
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	job := t.detachJobLocked(key)
+	t.mu.Unlock()
+	waitJobExit(job, 12*time.Second)
+	// Keep cleanup under the same gate as start: a delayed stop must not wipe
+	// an output directory created by a concurrent replacement request.
+	_ = os.RemoveAll(t.HLSDir(key))
+}

internal/service/hls_session_lifecycle_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/repository"
+)
+
+func cachedScopedHLS(t *testing.T, scopes ...HLSPlaybackScope) (*StreamService, *TranscoderService, map[string]string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Cache.CacheDir = t.TempDir()
+	cfg.Transcoder.Enabled = true
+	db := newServiceTestDB(t)
+	if err := db.Create(&model.Media{Base: model.Base{ID: "movie"}, Path: "unused-cached-source", DurationSec: 60}).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	transcoder := NewTranscoderService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), repository.New(db), nil)
+	paths := map[string]string{}
+	for _, scope := range scopes {
+		key := scope.jobKey("movie")
+		dir := filepath.Join(transcoder.HLSDir(key), "run-cached")
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o750); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		playlist := filepath.Join(dir, "index.m3u8")
+		if err := os.WriteFile(playlist, []byte("#EXTM3U\n#EXTINF:4,\nseg_00000.ts\n"), 0o600); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "seg_00000.ts"), []byte(scope.UserID+"/"+scope.SessionID), 0o600); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		transcoder.jobs[key] = &hlsJob{mediaID: "movie", jobKey: key, outputDir: dir, subtitleStream: -1, startedAt: time.Now(), cancel: func() {}}
+		paths[key] = playlist
+	}
+	return NewStreamService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), repository.New(db), transcoder), transcoder, paths
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackEnsureReusesOnlyMatchingOwnerAndSession(t *testing.T) {
+	a := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-a"}
+	b := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-b"}
+	_, transcoder, paths := cachedScopedHLS(t, a, b)
+	for _, scope := range []HLSPlaybackScope{a, b} {
+		playlist, err := transcoder.EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(t.Context(), "movie", 0, 0, -1, "", scope)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if playlist != paths[scope.jobKey("movie")] {
+			t.Fatalf("scope %#v reused another session's playlist %q", scope, playlist)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackStopRemovesOnlyItsSessionOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	a := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-a"}
+	b := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-b"}
+	_, transcoder, paths := cachedScopedHLS(t, a, b)
+	transcoder.StopPlayback("movie", a)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(paths[a.jobKey("movie")]); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("stopped session output must be cleaned up, err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(paths[b.jobKey("movie")]); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("another player's output was removed: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackIdleCleanupRemovesExpiredSessionOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	a := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-a"}
+	b := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab-b"}
+	_, transcoder, paths := cachedScopedHLS(t, a, b)
+	job := transcoder.jobs[a.jobKey("movie")]
+	job.lastAccess = time.Now().Add(-2 * time.Minute)
+	if !transcoder.stopIdleJob(job, time.Minute) {
+		t.Fatal("expired session was not stopped")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(paths[a.jobKey("movie")]); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("expired output was retained: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(paths[b.jobKey("movie")]); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("active session output was removed: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackPropagatesHeaderDeviceIdentityToSegments(t *testing.T) {
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/hls/movie/index.m3u8?token=test", nil)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Emby-Device-Id", "legacy-device")
+	scope, err := HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(req, "viewer")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	svc, _, _ := cachedScopedHLS(t, scope)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	if err := svc.ServeHLSPlaylist(rec, req, "movie", scope); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var segment string
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(rec.Body.String(), "\n") {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "seg_") {
+			segment = line
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	u, err := url.Parse(segment)
+	if err != nil || u.Query().Get("session_id") == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("playlist must carry the header-only device scope to child URLs: %q err=%v", segment, err)
+	}
+	child := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/hls/movie/"+segment, nil)
+	childScope, err := HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(child, "viewer")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if childScope.jobKey("movie") != scope.jobKey("movie") {
+		t.Fatal("child request changed its owner's device scope")
+	}
+	childRec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	if err := svc.ServeHLSSegment(childRec, child, "movie", "seg_00000.ts", childScope); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if childRec.Body.String() != "viewer/"+scope.SessionID {
+		t.Fatalf("wrong scoped segment: %s", childRec.Body.String())
+	}
+}

internal/service/hls_session_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+)
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackScopesIsolateSegmentReadsAndStop(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Cache.CacheDir = t.TempDir()
+	transcoder := NewTranscoderService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), nil, nil)
+	svc := NewStreamService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), nil, transcoder)
+	a := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "user-a", SessionID: "tab-a"}
+	b := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "user-b", SessionID: "tab-a"}
+	c := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "user-a", SessionID: "tab-c"}
+	for _, scope := range []HLSPlaybackScope{a, b, c} {
+		key := scope.jobKey("movie")
+		dir := filepath.Join(cfg.Cache.CacheDir, key, "run-current")
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o750); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "seg_00000.ts"), []byte(scope.UserID+"/"+scope.SessionID), 0o600); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		transcoder.jobs[key] = &hlsJob{mediaID: "movie", jobKey: key, outputDir: dir, seekGen: 100, cancel: func() {}}
+	}
+	for _, scope := range []HLSPlaybackScope{a, b, c} {
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/hls/movie/seg_00000.ts?_seek=100", nil)
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		if err := svc.ServeHLSSegment(rec, req, "movie", "seg_00000.ts", scope); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if got, want := rec.Body.String(), scope.UserID+"/"+scope.SessionID; got != want {
+			t.Fatalf("segment=%q, want %q", got, want)
+		}
+	}
+	transcoder.StopPlayback("movie", a)
+	if transcoder.jobs[a.jobKey("movie")] != nil {
+		t.Fatal("stopped scope is still active")
+	}
+	if transcoder.jobs[b.jobKey("movie")] == nil || transcoder.jobs[c.jobKey("movie")] == nil {
+		t.Fatal("stopping one player affected another user/tab")
+	}
+	// A delayed stop from a previous local-playback session must not affect a replacement.
+	transcoder.StopPlayback("movie", a)
+	if transcoder.jobs[c.jobKey("movie")] == nil {
+		t.Fatal("old stop cancelled a new session")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackRejectsStaleSegmentGeneration(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Cache.CacheDir = t.TempDir()
+	transcoder := NewTranscoderService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), nil, nil)
+	svc := NewStreamService(cfg, zap.NewNop(), nil, transcoder)
+	scope := HLSPlaybackScope{UserID: "viewer", SessionID: "tab"}
+	key := scope.jobKey("movie")
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "seg_00000.ts"), []byte("new-generation"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	transcoder.jobs[key] = &hlsJob{mediaID: "movie", jobKey: key, outputDir: dir, seekGen: 200, cancel: func() {}}
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/api/hls/movie/seg_00000.ts?_seek=100", nil)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	if err := svc.ServeHLSSegment(rec, req, "movie", "seg_00000.ts", scope); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("stale segment request read a replacement generation")
+	}
+	if rec.Body.Len() != 0 {
+		t.Fatal("stale request exposed replacement bytes")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHLSPlaybackScopeRequiresServerOwner(t *testing.T) {
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/?session_id=tab&user_id=attacker-controlled", nil)
+	if _, err := HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(req, ""); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing authenticated owner was accepted")
+	}
+	a, err := HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(req, "real-owner")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if a.UserID != "real-owner" {
+		t.Fatal("client parameter supplied the owner")
+	}
+	req = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/?PlaySessionId=emby-session", nil)
+	b, err := HLSPlaybackScopeForRequest(req, "real-owner")
+	if err != nil || b.SessionID == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("Emby session must stay scoped: %#v %v", b, err)
+	}
+}

internal/service/stream_hls.go

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ import (
 // Optional query `start` (seconds) restarts ffmpeg from that source offset so
 // the web player can scrub the full timeline without waiting for a full
 // head-to-tail transcode.
-func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSPlaylist(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, mediaID string) error {
+func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSPlaylist(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, mediaID string, scopes ...HLSPlaybackScope) error {
+	jobKey := hlsPlaybackJobKey(mediaID, scopes)
 	// 「客户端直连解码」模式下宿主机不提供转码，HLS 一律拒绝，
 	// 迫使播放器走 direct play 本地解码。
 	if s.directPlayOnly(r.Context()) {
@@ -27,19 +28,23 @@ func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSPlaylist(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request,
 	seekGen := parseHLSSeekGen(r)
 	subtitleStream := parseHLSSubtitleStream(r)
 	quality := parseHLSQuality(r)
-	if _, err := s.transcoder.EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(r.Context(), mediaID, startSec, seekGen, subtitleStream, quality); err != nil {
+	if _, err := s.transcoder.EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(r.Context(), mediaID, startSec, seekGen, subtitleStream, quality, scopes...); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	s.transcoder.TouchJob(mediaID)
+	s.transcoder.TouchJob(jobKey)
 	readyTimeout := 45 * time.Second
 	if startSec > 0.05 {
 		// Mid-file HTTP seeks (esp. WMV) need longer before the first segment appears.
 		readyTimeout = 120 * time.Second
 	}
-	if !s.transcoder.WaitReady(r.Context(), mediaID, readyTimeout) {
+	if !s.transcoder.WaitReady(r.Context(), jobKey, readyTimeout) {
 		return errors.New("hls playlist not ready")
 	}
-	playlist := s.transcoder.PlaylistPath(mediaID)
+	outputDir, err := s.transcoder.hlsOutputDir(jobKey, seekGen)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	playlist := filepath.Join(outputDir, "index.m3u8")
 	f, err := os.Open(playlist) // #nosec G304 -- playlist path is generated under the transcoder cache directory for this media ID.
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -49,12 +54,18 @@ func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSPlaylist(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request,
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl")
 	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", "inline")
-	if r.URL.RawQuery != "" {
+	rawQuery := r.URL.RawQuery
+	if len(scopes) > 0 && scopes[0].SessionID != "" {
+		query := r.URL.Query()
+		query.Set("session_id", scopes[0].SessionID)
+		rawQuery = query.Encode()
+	}
+	if rawQuery != "" {
 		data, err := io.ReadAll(f)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		playlist := appendQueryToHLSSegments(string(data), r.URL.RawQuery)
+		playlist := appendQueryToHLSSegments(string(data), rawQuery)
 		_, err = io.WriteString(w, playlist)
 		return err
 	}
@@ -171,19 +182,26 @@ func filterHLSSegmentQuery(rawQuery string) string {
 }
 
 // ServeHLSSegment writes a single .ts segment from the on-disk cache.
-func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSSegment(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, mediaID, segment string) error {
-	s.transcoder.TouchJob(mediaID)
+func (s *StreamService) ServeHLSSegment(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, mediaID, segment string, scopes ...HLSPlaybackScope) error {
+	jobKey := hlsPlaybackJobKey(mediaID, scopes)
+	outputDir, err := s.transcoder.hlsOutputDir(jobKey, parseHLSSeekGen(r))
+	if err != nil {
+		if len(scopes) > 0 || parseHLSSeekGen(r) > 0 {
+			return err
+		}
+		outputDir = s.transcoder.HLSDir(jobKey) // Legacy internal static-file callers.
+	}
 	// Only allow segments that look like seg_NNNNN.ts so we cannot be tricked
 	// into reading arbitrary files via path traversal.
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(segment, "seg_") || !strings.HasSuffix(segment, ".ts") {
 		return errors.New("bad segment")
 	}
-	full := filepath.Join(s.transcoder.HLSDir(mediaID), segment)
+	full := filepath.Join(outputDir, segment)
 	abs, err := filepath.Abs(full)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	dir, _ := filepath.Abs(s.transcoder.HLSDir(mediaID))
+	dir, _ := filepath.Abs(outputDir)
 	if !pathWithin(abs, dir) {
 		return errors.New("path escape")
 	}

internal/service/transcoder.go

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 // Package service — HLS on-demand transcoder.
 //
 // TranscoderService spawns ffmpeg processes that segment a source media file
-// into HLS (.m3u8 + .ts). The output lives under cache.cache_dir/hls/<id>.
+// into HLS (.m3u8 + .ts). Each playback scope owns a cache directory and
+// every ffmpeg run writes to its own run-* subdirectory.
 // The HTTP layer serves these files directly with a normal http.FileServer.
 //
 // Encoder selection (read once at startup from the config):
@@ -15,9 +16,11 @@
 //	                         plus the kernel module loaded)
 //
 // Concurrency model:
-//   - Each Media has at most one active ffmpeg job.
-//   - jobs[mediaID] tracks the running goroutine + cancel func.
-//   - Calling Start while a job already exists is a no-op.
+//   - Each authenticated user/player scope has at most one active ffmpeg job.
+//   - jobs[jobKey] tracks the running goroutine + cancel func; mediaID remains
+//     the actual media identity for database access and activity reporting.
+//   - Legacy internal callers keep media-keyed behaviour.
+//   - Equivalent requests within one scope reuse the current output.
 //   - When the playlist file appears on disk we consider the job "ready"
 //     and unblock the HTTP handler that was waiting on it.
 package service
@@ -49,9 +52,10 @@ type TranscoderService struct {
 
 	mu   sync.Mutex
 	jobs map[string]*hlsJob
-	// startGates serializes EnsureJobFrom / StopJob per media so concurrent
-	// playlist hits cannot spawn multiple ffmpeg writers into one HLS dir.
-	startGates  sync.Map // mediaID -> *sync.Mutex
+	// Start gates are reference-counted so random playback session keys do not
+	// accumulate after their last starter/stopper has left.
+	startGateMu sync.Mutex
+	startGates  map[string]*hlsStartGate
 	strmResolve func(ctx context.Context, raw string) (*StrmPlayResult, error)
 	probe       *FFprobeService
 
@@ -66,6 +70,7 @@ type TranscoderService struct {
 
 // hlsJob holds the live state of one ffmpeg run.
 type hlsJob struct {
+	jobKey     string
 	mediaID    string
 	outputDir  string
 	cancel     context.CancelFunc
@@ -156,14 +161,19 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) transcodeConfig() *config.Config {
 	}
 }
 
-// HLSDir is the per-media directory that holds index.m3u8 + segment files.
-func (t *TranscoderService) HLSDir(mediaID string) string {
-	return filepath.Join(t.cfg.Cache.CacheDir, "hls", mediaID)
+// HLSDir is the cache root for one internal playback job key.
+func (t *TranscoderService) HLSDir(jobKey string) string {
+	return filepath.Join(t.cfg.Cache.CacheDir, "hls", jobKey)
 }
 
 // PlaylistPath returns the absolute path of the m3u8 playlist for a media.
-func (t *TranscoderService) PlaylistPath(mediaID string) string {
-	return filepath.Join(t.HLSDir(mediaID), "index.m3u8")
+func (t *TranscoderService) PlaylistPath(jobKey string) string {
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+	if job := t.jobs[jobKey]; job != nil {
+		return t.jobPlaylistPath(job)
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(t.HLSDir(jobKey), "index.m3u8")
 }
 
 // EnsureJob makes sure a transcode is running for mediaID from the start of
@@ -194,7 +204,8 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitle(ctx context.Context, mediaID s
 
 // EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality is EnsureJobFromSubtitle with an explicit local
 // HLS quality profile. Empty qualityID keeps the global transcoder config.
-func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, startSec float64, seekGen int64, subtitleStream int, qualityID string) (string, error) {
+func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, startSec float64, seekGen int64, subtitleStream int, qualityID string, scopes ...HLSPlaybackScope) (string, error) {
+	jobKey := hlsPlaybackJobKey(mediaID, scopes)
 	cfg := t.transcodeConfig()
 	if !cfg.Transcoder.Enabled {
 		return "", ErrTranscodeDisabled
@@ -219,28 +230,31 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 		return "", ErrMediaNotFound
 	}
 
-	gate := t.mediaStartGate(mediaID)
-	gate.Lock()
-	defer gate.Unlock()
+	unlock := t.lockJobStart(jobKey)
+	defer unlock()
 
 	t.mu.Lock()
-	if existing, ok := t.jobs[mediaID]; ok {
+	if existing, ok := t.jobs[jobKey]; ok {
 		reusable := true
+		playlist := t.jobPlaylistPath(existing)
 		if existing.completed {
-			info, err := os.Stat(t.PlaylistPath(mediaID))
+			info, err := os.Stat(playlist)
 			reusable = err == nil && info.Size() > 0
 		}
 		if reusable && sameHLSConfiguration(existing, startSec, subtitleStream, qualityID) {
-			t.touchJobLocked(mediaID)
+			if seekGen > existing.seekGen {
+				existing.seekGen = seekGen
+			}
+			t.touchJobLocked(jobKey)
 			t.mu.Unlock()
-			return t.PlaylistPath(mediaID), nil
+			return playlist, nil
 		}
 		if reusable && !shouldReplaceHLSJobConfigurationQuality(existing, startSec, seekGen, subtitleStream, qualityID) {
-			t.touchJobLocked(mediaID)
+			t.touchJobLocked(jobKey)
 			t.mu.Unlock()
-			return t.PlaylistPath(mediaID), nil
+			return playlist, nil
 		}
-		prev := t.detachJobLocked(mediaID)
+		prev := t.detachJobLocked(jobKey)
 		t.mu.Unlock()
 		waitJobExit(prev, 12*time.Second)
 	} else {
@@ -258,6 +272,9 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 	input.Quality = quality
 	t.maybeFillDuration(ctx, m, input)
 	settings := ffmpegArgSettingsFromConfig(cfg, quality)
+	// 「原画」档位遇到浏览器可解的 H.264 源时只换封装，避免慢机器上重编码
+	// 追不上播放（两核软件编码实测 0.1～0.2 倍速）。其它档位要改分辨率，仍重编码。
+	input.CopyVideo = t.remuxEligible(ctx, m, quality, subtitleStream)
 	jobEncoder := settings.encoder
 	if settings.noScale || subtitleStream >= 0 {
 		jobEncoder = ""
@@ -267,12 +284,23 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	outDir := t.HLSDir(mediaID)
-	// Wipe prior segments so a mid-file restart cannot serve stale early chunks.
-	// Only safe after the previous ffmpeg has exited (waited above / via gate).
-	if err := resetHLSDir(outDir); err != nil {
+	rootDir := t.HLSDir(jobKey)
+	// Runs use distinct directories even when Windows keeps an old segment
+	// open. A delayed request can never read a newer run's seg_00000.ts.
+	if err := resetHLSDir(rootDir); err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
+	outDir, err := os.MkdirTemp(rootDir, "run-")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	registered := false
+	defer func() {
+		if !registered {
+			_ = os.RemoveAll(outDir)
+			_ = os.Remove(rootDir)
+		}
+	}()
 
 	t.mu.Lock()
 	if max := t.maxConcurrent(); max > 0 && t.runningJobCountLocked() >= max {
@@ -287,7 +315,11 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 	if subtitleStream >= 0 {
 		jobEncoder = "software (subtitle burn-in)"
 	}
+	if input.CopyVideo {
+		jobEncoder = remuxEncoderLabel
+	}
 	job := &hlsJob{
+		jobKey:         jobKey,
 		mediaID:        mediaID,
 		outputDir:      outDir,
 		cancel:         cancel,
@@ -302,7 +334,8 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 		ffmpegPath:     bin,
 		config:         cfg,
 	}
-	t.jobs[mediaID] = job
+	t.jobs[jobKey] = job
+	registered = true
 	t.mu.Unlock()
 
 	helper.Go(t.log, "transcoder.monitorIdle", func() { t.monitorIdle(jobCtx, job) })
@@ -310,7 +343,7 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) EnsureJobFromSubtitleQuality(ctx context.Context, me
 		defer close(job.done)
 		t.runFFmpeg(jobCtx, job, input)
 	})
-	return t.PlaylistPath(mediaID), nil
+	return filepath.Join(outDir, "index.m3u8"), nil
 }
 
 // shouldReplaceHLSJob reports whether an incoming playlist request may cancel
@@ -357,9 +390,33 @@ func sameHLSConfiguration(existing *hlsJob, startSec float64, subtitleStream int
 		sameHLSStart(existing.startSec, startSec)
 }
 
-func (t *TranscoderService) mediaStartGate(mediaID string) *sync.Mutex {
-	v, _ := t.startGates.LoadOrStore(mediaID, &sync.Mutex{})
-	return v.(*sync.Mutex)
+type hlsStartGate struct {
+	mu    sync.Mutex
+	users int
+}
+
+func (t *TranscoderService) lockJobStart(key string) func() {
+	t.startGateMu.Lock()
+	if t.startGates == nil {
+		t.startGates = make(map[string]*hlsStartGate)
+	}
+	gate := t.startGates[key]
+	if gate == nil {
+		gate = &hlsStartGate{}
+		t.startGates[key] = gate
+	}
+	gate.users++
+	t.startGateMu.Unlock()
+	gate.mu.Lock()
+	return func() {
+		gate.mu.Unlock()
+		t.startGateMu.Lock()
+		gate.users--
+		if gate.users == 0 {
+			delete(t.startGates, key)
+		}
+		t.startGateMu.Unlock()
+	}
 }
 
 // detachJobLocked cancels and removes a job from the map without waiting.

internal/service/transcoder_ffmpeg_args.go

@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ type transcodeInput struct {
 	StartSec       float64
 	SubtitleStream *int
 	Quality        *LocalHLSQuality
+	// CopyVideo 为 true 时视频流只换封装（-c:v copy），不重编码。
+	// 仅当源视频是浏览器可解的老三样（H.264/8bit/4:2:0）且不需要缩放时启用。
+	CopyVideo bool
 }
 
 type ffmpegArgSettings struct {
@@ -52,6 +55,7 @@ func buildFFmpegArgsForInput(cfg *config.Config, input transcodeInput, playlist,
 		// 原画档位不做硬件缩放的兼容处理，直接走软件编码，保持源分辨率。
 		settings.encoder = ""
 	}
+	copyVideo := input.CopyVideo && input.SubtitleStream == nil
 	video := ffmpegVideoPlanForSettings(settings)
 	if input.SubtitleStream != nil {
 		// Bitmap subtitles must be composited in software. Keeping CUDA/QSV/
@@ -60,13 +64,17 @@ func buildFFmpegArgsForInput(cfg *config.Config, input transcodeInput, playlist,
 		settings.encoder = ""
 		video = ffmpegVideoPlanForSettings(settings)
 	}
+	if copyVideo {
+		// 直通：不做缩放、不挂滤镜、不选编码器，整条视频流原样塞进 TS。
+		video = ffmpegVideoPlan{codec: "copy"}
+	}
 
 	// Mid-file restarts must not use -re: output -ss would otherwise crawl to the
 	// seek point at 1x wall-clock before emitting the first HLS segment.
 	realtime := settings.realtime && input.StartSec <= 0.05
 	args := baseFFmpegArgs(video.preInput, realtime)
-	args = appendInputAndVideoArgs(args, input, settings, video)
-	args = appendOutputHLSArgs(args, settings, segments, playlist)
+	args = appendInputAndVideoArgs(args, input, settings, video, copyVideo)
+	args = appendOutputHLSArgs(args, settings, segments, playlist, copyVideo)
 	return args
 }
 
@@ -161,7 +169,7 @@ func baseFFmpegArgs(preInput string, realtime bool) []string {
 	return args
 }
 
-func appendInputAndVideoArgs(args []string, input transcodeInput, settings ffmpegArgSettings, video ffmpegVideoPlan) []string {
+func appendInputAndVideoArgs(args []string, input transcodeInput, settings ffmpegArgSettings, video ffmpegVideoPlan, copyVideo bool) []string {
 	args = append(args, ffmpegHTTPInputArgs(input)...)
 	ss := ""
 	if input.StartSec > 0.05 {
@@ -172,6 +180,11 @@ func appendInputAndVideoArgs(args []string, input transcodeInput, settings ffmpe
 	// scrubbing; CDNs with Range support jump via demuxer seek instead.
 	if ss != "" {
 		args = append(args, "-ss", ss)
+		if copyVideo {
+			// 复制视频流时 ffmpeg 不能解码，精确 seek 会把关键帧之前的分组丢掉，
+			// 输出从 P 帧开始（花屏）。退到前一个关键帧，最多提前一两秒。
+			args = append(args, "-noaccurate_seek")
+		}
 	}
 	args = append(args, "-i", input.Source)
 	if input.SubtitleStream != nil {
@@ -197,7 +210,23 @@ func appendInputAndVideoArgs(args []string, input transcodeInput, settings ffmpe
 	return args
 }
 
-func appendOutputHLSArgs(args []string, settings ffmpegArgSettings, segments, playlist string) []string {
+func appendOutputHLSArgs(args []string, settings ffmpegArgSettings, segments, playlist string, copyVideo bool) []string {
+	if copyVideo {
+		// 视频是复制进来的，编码参数一律不适用；只保留音频转 AAC 与切片参数。
+		// -avoid_negative_ts 让带 B 帧的源在 -ss 之后不会出现负时间戳。
+		return append(args,
+			"-avoid_negative_ts", "make_zero",
+			"-c:a", "aac",
+			"-ar", "48000",
+			"-b:a", "128k",
+			"-ac", "2",
+			"-f", "hls",
+			"-hls_time", fmt.Sprintf("%d", settings.segmentSeconds),
+			"-hls_list_size", "0",
+			"-hls_segment_filename", segments,
+			playlist,
+		)
+	}
 	return append(args,
 		"-pix_fmt", "yuv420p",
 		"-b:v", settings.bitrate,

internal/service/transcoder_ffmpeg_probe.go

@@ -49,16 +49,18 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) runFFmpeg(ctx context.Context, job *hlsJob, input tr
 
 	t.mu.Lock()
 	// Only update the map entry if we are still the registered generation.
-	if cur, ok := t.jobs[job.mediaID]; ok && cur == job {
+	if cur, ok := t.jobs[job.key()]; ok && cur == job {
 		if err == nil && ctx.Err() == nil {
 			job.completed = true
 		} else {
-			delete(t.jobs, job.mediaID)
+			delete(t.jobs, job.key())
 		}
 	}
 	t.mu.Unlock()
 	if err != nil || ctx.Err() != nil {
 		job.cancel()
+		_ = os.RemoveAll(job.outputDir)
+		_ = os.Remove(filepath.Dir(job.outputDir)) // Remove the scope root only if empty.
 	}
 
 	t.hub.Publish("transcode", map[string]any{

internal/service/transcoder_jobs.go

@@ -26,16 +26,18 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) WaitReady(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, timeo
 		job, ok := t.jobs[mediaID]
 		var started time.Time
 		var completed bool
+		var playlist string
 		if ok {
 			started = job.startedAt
 			completed = job.completed
+			playlist = t.jobPlaylistPath(job)
 		}
 		t.mu.Unlock()
 		if !ok {
 			return false // A failed/exited job cannot become ready later.
 		}
 		if ok {
-			if info, err := os.Stat(t.PlaylistPath(mediaID)); err == nil {
+			if info, err := os.Stat(playlist); err == nil {
 				// Allow a small clock skew; reject anything older than this job.
 				if !info.ModTime().Before(started.Add(-2 * time.Second)) {
 					t.mu.Lock()
@@ -66,9 +68,8 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) WaitReady(ctx context.Context, mediaID string, timeo
 // briefly for it to exit so a subsequent EnsureJobFrom cannot race-write the
 // same HLS directory.
 func (t *TranscoderService) StopJob(mediaID string) {
-	gate := t.mediaStartGate(mediaID)
-	gate.Lock()
-	defer gate.Unlock()
+	unlock := t.lockJobStart(mediaID)
+	defer unlock()
 
 	t.mu.Lock()
 	prev := t.detachJobLocked(mediaID)
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) monitorIdle(ctx context.Context, job *hlsJob) {
 			return
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			t.mu.Lock()
-			current, ok := t.jobs[job.mediaID]
+			current, ok := t.jobs[job.key()]
 			if !ok || current != job {
 				t.mu.Unlock()
 				return
@@ -185,11 +186,10 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) monitorIdle(ctx context.Context, job *hlsJob) {
 }
 
 func (t *TranscoderService) stopIdleJob(job *hlsJob, timeout time.Duration) bool {
-	gate := t.mediaStartGate(job.mediaID)
-	gate.Lock()
-	defer gate.Unlock()
+	unlock := t.lockJobStart(job.key())
+	defer unlock()
 	t.mu.Lock()
-	current := t.jobs[job.mediaID]
+	current := t.jobs[job.key()]
 	if current != job {
 		t.mu.Unlock()
 		return true
@@ -199,9 +199,12 @@ func (t *TranscoderService) stopIdleJob(job *hlsJob, timeout time.Duration) bool
 		t.mu.Unlock()
 		return false
 	}
-	t.detachJobLocked(job.mediaID)
+	t.detachJobLocked(job.key())
 	t.mu.Unlock()
 	waitJobExit(job, 12*time.Second)
+	if job.jobKey != "" {
+		_ = os.RemoveAll(t.HLSDir(job.key()))
+	}
 	t.log.Info("transcode idle timeout", zap.String("media_id", job.mediaID),
 		zap.Duration("idle_for", idleFor), zap.Duration("timeout", timeout))
 	return true

internal/service/transcoder_remux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// 蓝光原盘（m2ts，40 Mbps 级别）在两核小机器上重编码只有 0.1～0.2 倍速，HLS
+// 永远追不上播放，播放器等不到切片就报「转码失败」。当源视频本身就是浏览器
+// 能解的 H.264 / 8bit / 4:2:0，且用户选的是「原画」档位（不改分辨率）时，
+// 这里改走只换封装（-c:v copy）的直通路径：视频不重编码，音频转 AAC，
+// CPU 占用接近于零，起播时间从几十秒降到几秒。
+//
+// 直通只对「原画」生效。1080P/720P/480P 档位意味着要改分辨率，必须重新编码；
+// 那类请求仍然按原来的 libx264 路径处理（慢，但码率可控）。
+
+// remuxEncoderLabel 是直通任务在日志与任务面板里的标签。
+const remuxEncoderLabel = "remux"
+
+// remuxEligible 判断这次请求能否复制视频流而不是重编码。
+func (t *TranscoderService) remuxEligible(ctx context.Context, m *model.Media, quality *LocalHLSQuality, subtitleStream int) bool {
+	if t == nil || t.repo == nil || m == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	// 烧录图形字幕要把字幕叠加进画面，必须解码+重编码。
+	if subtitleStream >= 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !remuxAppliesToQuality(quality) {
+		return false
+	}
+	probe, err := t.repo.MediaProbe.Get(ctx, m.ID)
+	if err != nil || probe == nil {
+		// 没有探测缓存就无法确认档次/像素格式，保守走重编码。
+		return false
+	}
+	return remuxCopyableHeight(probe) > 0
+}
+
+// remuxAppliesToQuality 只放行「原画」档位（Height 为 0，即不缩放）。
+// quality 为 nil 表示调用方没有指定档位（走全局 max_height），同样不直通，
+// 否则会绕过配置的分辨率上限给出一个远超预期的码流。
+func remuxAppliesToQuality(quality *LocalHLSQuality) bool {
+	return quality != nil && quality.Height <= 0
+}
+
+// remuxCopyableHeight 在源视频可直接复制进 HLS 时返回它的高度，否则返回 0。
+func remuxCopyableHeight(probe *model.MediaProbe) int {
+	if probe == nil || probe.Height <= 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(probe.VideoCodec), "h264") {
+		return 0
+	}
+	if !browserSafeH264Payload(probe.Payload) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return probe.Height
+}
+
+// probePayloadStreams 只解析落库 payload 里与直通判断有关的字段。
+type probePayloadStreams struct {
+	Streams []struct {
+		Type    string `json:"type"`
+		Profile string `json:"profile"`
+		PixFmt  string `json:"pix_fmt"`
+	} `json:"streams"`
+}
+
+// browserSafeH264Payload 只放行 8bit 4:2:0 的 Baseline/Main/High。
+// Hi10P（High 10）和 4:2:2 母带浏览器解不出来，复制过去只会黑屏或无声。
+func browserSafeH264Payload(payload string) bool {
+	payload = strings.TrimSpace(payload)
+	if payload == "" {
+		// 老数据没有 payload：已经有 codec + 分辨率，按 8bit 常规情况处理。
+		return true
+	}
+	var parsed probePayloadStreams
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(payload), &parsed); err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, stream := range parsed.Streams {
+		if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(stream.Type), "video") {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(stream.Profile)) {
+		case "", "constrained baseline", "baseline", "main", "high":
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+		switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(stream.PixFmt)) {
+		case "", "yuv420p", "yuvj420p":
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	return true
+}

internal/service/transcoder_remux_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/config"
+	"github.com/truewhile/MeBox/internal/model"
+)
+
+// 直通档位必须真的把视频流复制过去：一旦又带上 libx264 / -vf / 码率参数，
+// 慢机器上的「原画」就还是几十秒起播。
+func TestBuildFFmpegArgsRemuxCopiesVideoStream(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Transcoder.SegmentSeconds = 4
+	cfg.Transcoder.Realtime = true
+	cfg.Transcoder.Threads = 2
+	cfg.Transcoder.MaxHeight = 720
+
+	quality, ok := LocalHLSQualityByID("source")
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatal("source quality missing")
+	}
+	args := buildFFmpegArgsForInput(cfg, transcodeInput{
+		Source:    "https://cdn.example/x.m2ts",
+		Headers:   map[string]string{"User-Agent": "MeBox-115-GoClient/1.0"},
+		StartSec:  52.4,
+		Quality:   &quality,
+		CopyVideo: true,
+	}, "/cache/hls/k/run-1/index.m3u8", "/cache/hls/k/run-1/seg_%05d.ts")
+	joined := strings.Join(args, " ")
+
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		"-c:v copy",
+		"-c:a aac",
+		"-ar 48000",
+		"-b:a 128k",
+		"-ac 2",
+		"-avoid_negative_ts make_zero",
+		"-ss 52.400",
+		"-noaccurate_seek",
+		"-hls_time 4",
+		"-hls_segment_filename /cache/hls/k/run-1/seg_%05d.ts",
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(joined, want) {
+			t.Errorf("remux args missing %q: %s", want, joined)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, unwanted := range []string{
+		"libx264",
+		"-vf ",
+		"-b:v",
+		"-maxrate",
+		"-bufsize",
+		"-force_key_frames",
+		"-preset",
+		"-threads",
+		"-pix_fmt",
+	} {
+		if strings.Contains(joined, unwanted) {
+			t.Errorf("remux args must not contain %q: %s", unwanted, joined)
+		}
+	}
+	// 中途起播不能加 -re，否则会先按 1 倍速爬到目标位置才出第一个切片。
+	if strings.Contains(joined, " -re ") {
+		t.Errorf("mid-file remux must not use -re: %s", joined)
+	}
+}
+
+// 烧录图形字幕要把字幕叠进画面，必须解码重编码，不能被直通标志绕过。
+func TestBuildFFmpegArgsRemuxIgnoredForSubtitleBurnIn(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{}
+	cfg.Transcoder.MaxHeight = 720
+	cfg.Transcoder.SegmentSeconds = 4
+
+	quality, _ := LocalHLSQualityByID("source")
+	subtitle := 4
+	args := buildFFmpegArgsForInput(cfg, transcodeInput{
+		Source:         "/media/ep.mkv",
+		Quality:        &quality,
+		CopyVideo:      true,
+		SubtitleStream: &subtitle,
+	}, "/o/x.m3u8", "/o/seg_%05d.ts")
+	joined := strings.Join(args, " ")
+
+	if strings.Contains(joined, "-c:v copy") {
+		t.Fatalf("subtitle burn-in must not copy the video stream: %s", joined)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(joined, "libx264") || !strings.Contains(joined, "-filter_complex") {
+		t.Fatalf("subtitle burn-in should re-encode: %s", joined)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(joined, "-noaccurate_seek") {
+		t.Fatalf("encoded path should keep accurate seek: %s", joined)
+	}
+}
+
+// 只有「原画」档位（不缩放）可以直通；其它档位要改分辨率。
+func TestRemuxAppliesToQuality(t *testing.T) {
+	if remuxAppliesToQuality(nil) {
+		t.Fatal("nil quality must not remux: it falls back to the configured max height")
+	}
+	source, _ := LocalHLSQualityByID("source")
+	if !remuxAppliesToQuality(&source) {
+		t.Fatal("source quality should remux")
+	}
+	for _, id := range []string{"1080", "720", "480"} {
+		quality, ok := LocalHLSQualityByID(id)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("quality %s missing", id)
+		}
+		if remuxAppliesToQuality(&quality) {
+			t.Fatalf("quality %s must re-encode", id)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// 只有 8bit 4:2:0 的 H.264 能安全复制；Hi10P / 4:2:2 / HEVC 复制过去浏览器黑屏。
+func TestRemuxCopyableHeight(t *testing.T) {
+	const blurayPayload = `{"container":"mpegts","duration_sec":1451,"bit_rate":42609934,"streams":[{"index":0,"type":"video","codec":"h264","profile":"High","width":1920,"height":1080,"pix_fmt":"yuv420p","frame_rate":"23.976"},{"index":1,"type":"audio","codec":"pcm_bluray","channels":2}]}`
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		name  string
+		probe *model.MediaProbe
+		want  int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "bluray h264 8bit 420",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "h264", Height: 1080, Payload: blurayPayload},
+			want:  1080,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "no payload falls back to codec and height",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "h264", Height: 720},
+			want:  720,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "hevc cannot be copied into browser hls",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "hevc", Height: 1080, Payload: `{"streams":[{"type":"video","profile":"Main 10","pix_fmt":"yuv420p10le"}]}`},
+			want:  0,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "hi10p h264 is unplayable in browsers",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "h264", Height: 1080, Payload: `{"streams":[{"type":"video","profile":"High 10","pix_fmt":"yuv420p10le"}]}`},
+			want:  0,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "4:2:2 h264 is unplayable in browsers",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "h264", Height: 1080, Payload: `{"streams":[{"type":"video","profile":"High 4:2:2","pix_fmt":"yuv422p"}]}`},
+			want:  0,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "missing probe",
+			probe: nil,
+			want:  0,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "unknown height",
+			probe: &model.MediaProbe{VideoCodec: "h264", Height: 0, Payload: blurayPayload},
+			want:  0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := remuxCopyableHeight(tc.probe); got != tc.want {
+				t.Fatalf("remuxCopyableHeight() = %d, want %d", got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

web/src/api/client.ts

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ export function streamURL(mediaId: string, options: { proxy?: boolean } = {}): s
 
 // hlsURL returns the m3u8 playlist URL fed into hls.js.
 // startSec > 0 asks the server to (re)start ffmpeg from that source offset.
-export function hlsURL(mediaId: string, startSec = 0, subtitleStream?: number, quality?: string): string {
+export function hlsURL(mediaId: string, startSec = 0, subtitleStream?: number, quality?: string, sessionID?: string): string {
   const safeStart = Math.max(0, Math.round(startSec * 1000) / 1000)
   // Always send start= (including 0) so the server can tell an intentional
   // restart-from-head apart from a missing query on a stale refresh.
@@ -188,7 +188,8 @@ export function hlsURL(mediaId: string, startSec = 0, subtitleStream?: number, q
       ? `&subtitle=${encodeURIComponent(String(subtitleStream))}`
       : ''
   const qualityQuery = quality ? `&quality=${encodeURIComponent(quality)}` : ''
-  return `/api/hls/${encodeURIComponent(mediaId)}/index.m3u8?${tokenQuery()}${profileQuery()}${start}${subtitle}${qualityQuery}${bust}`
+  const session = sessionID ? `&session_id=${encodeURIComponent(sessionID)}` : ''
+  return `/api/hls/${encodeURIComponent(mediaId)}/index.m3u8?${tokenQuery()}${profileQuery()}${start}${subtitle}${qualityQuery}${bust}${session}`
 }
 
 // cloudHlsURL returns the MeBox-proxied 115 cloud HLS master playlist URL.
@@ -202,8 +203,9 @@ export function cloudHlsURL(mediaId: string, definition: string): string {
 
 // Stop an on-demand HLS job. keepalive makes the request survive page
 // navigation/tab close, where an axios promise can be discarded by browsers.
-export function stopHLSJob(mediaId: string): void {
-  const url = `/api/hls/${encodeURIComponent(mediaId)}?${tokenQuery()}${profileQuery()}`
+export function stopHLSJob(mediaId: string, sessionID?: string): void {
+  const session = sessionID ? `&session_id=${encodeURIComponent(sessionID)}` : ''
+  const url = `/api/hls/${encodeURIComponent(mediaId)}?${tokenQuery()}${profileQuery()}${session}`
   void fetch(url, {
     method: 'DELETE',
     credentials: 'same-origin',

web/src/pages/PlayerPage.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
 import { useLocation, useNavigate, useParams } from 'react-router-dom'
 import type Hls from 'hls.js'
 import toast from 'react-hot-toast'
@@ -41,7 +41,9 @@ import { pickPlayerMode, needsTranscodeForBrowser, isDirectStreamMedia, isStrmMe
 import { classifyDirectPlayError, directPlayFailureCopy, directStallTimeoutMs, DIRECT_SEEK_GRACE_MS } from './directPlayError'
 import type { DirectPlayFailureReason } from './directPlayError'
 import { canSeekDirectNow, DIRECT_SEEK_WAIT_MS } from './directPlaySeek'
-import { applyPendingHlsSeek, attachNativeHls, bindPendingHlsSeek, hlsManifestTimeoutMs, playbackPositionSec } from './hlsPlayback'
+import { applyPendingHlsSeek, attachNativeHls, bindPendingHlsSeek, hlsManifestTimeoutMs, playbackPositionSec, playbackTimeSec } from './hlsPlayback'
+import { availableLocalQuality, defaultLocalQualityId, findPlaybackQualityById } from './playbackQuality'
+import { createPlaybackRequestGuard } from './playbackRequestGuard'
 import { apiErrorMessage } from './StrmManagePage'
 import { PlayerTopBar } from './PlayerTopBar'
 import { PlayerVideoStage } from './PlayerVideoStage'
@@ -118,6 +120,14 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
   const hlsRef = useRef<Hls | null>(null)
   const lastSentRef = useRef(0)
   const progressSessionRef = useRef<PlaybackProgressSession | null>(null)
+  const cloudRequestGuardRef = useRef(createPlaybackRequestGuard())
+  const currentMediaIdRef = useRef(id)
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const guard = cloudRequestGuardRef.current
+    currentMediaIdRef.current = id
+    guard.invalidate()
+    return () => guard.invalidate()
+  }, [id])
   const directRetryRef = useRef(false)
   const retryingDirectRef = useRef(false)
   // 程序化续播 seek 后的宽限截止时间；期内直连误报不升到 HLS。
@@ -563,6 +573,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
   const setPlaybackMode = useCallback((next: PlayerMode) => {
     // 一旦显式决定过播放方式，URL 上的 ?mode= 就不再是权威（避免它把状态打回去）。
     requestedModeRef.current = null
+    if (next === 'direct') cloudRequestGuardRef.current.invalidate()
     setMode(next)
   }, [])
 
@@ -767,6 +778,11 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
    */
   const handleDirectSeekStalled = useCallback(
     (target: number) => {
+      cloudRequestGuardRef.current.invalidate()
+      if (directOnly || isDirectStreamMedia(mediaRef.current)) {
+        toast.error('当前播放方式不提供 HLS 转码，请使用外部播放器定位')
+        return
+      }
       const cloudQuality =
         findPlaybackQualityById(playbackInfo, selectedQuality) ??
         findPlaybackQualityById(playbackInfo, playbackInfo?.default_quality ?? '')
@@ -780,9 +796,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         toast('直连定位失败，已切到 115 云 HLS 跳转')
         return
       }
-      const localQuality =
-        findPlaybackQualityById(playbackInfo, selectedQuality) ??
-        findPlaybackQualityById(playbackInfo, defaultLocalQualityId(playbackInfo))
+      const localQuality = availableLocalQuality(playbackInfo, selectedQuality)
       if (localQuality?.available) {
         setSelectedQuality(localQuality.id)
         setHlsSource('local')
@@ -795,7 +809,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
       }
       toast.error('直连定位失败，且当前没有可用的 HLS 转码档位')
     },
-    [playbackInfo, selectedQuality, setPlaybackMode],
+    [directOnly, playbackInfo, selectedQuality, setPlaybackMode],
   )
 
   // Load metadata and pick a default mode.
@@ -1032,17 +1046,22 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
 
   const switchToLocalHLS = useCallback(
     (position?: number) => {
+      cloudRequestGuardRef.current.invalidate()
       pendingSeekRef.current = null
       setHlsSource('local')
       setCloudWaiting(false)
-      setSelectedQuality((prev) => {
-        if (playbackInfo?.local_qualities?.some((quality) => quality.id === prev)) return prev
-        return defaultLocalQualityId(playbackInfo)
-      })
+      const quality = availableLocalQuality(playbackInfo, selectedQuality)
+      if (playbackInfo && !quality) {
+        setHlsUnavailable(true)
+        showPlayFailure('本地 HLS 转码不可用，请配置 ffmpeg 或使用外部播放器。')
+        setPlaybackMode('direct')
+        return
+      }
+      setSelectedQuality(quality?.id ?? defaultLocalQualityId(playbackInfo))
       if (position !== undefined) setHlsStartSec(Math.max(0, position))
       setPlaybackMode('hls')
     },
-    [playbackInfo, setPlaybackMode],
+    [playbackInfo, selectedQuality, setPlaybackMode, showPlayFailure],
   )
 
   /**
@@ -1080,8 +1099,11 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
   const startCloudTranscode = useCallback(
     async (definition: number) => {
       if (!mediaId) return
+      const isCurrentRequest = cloudRequestGuardRef.current.begin()
+      const isCurrent = () => isCurrentRequest() && currentMediaIdRef.current === mediaId && !directOnlyRef.current
       try {
         const info = await mediaAPI.startCloudTranscode(mediaId, definition)
+        if (!isCurrent() || info.media_id !== mediaId) return
         setPlaybackInfo(info)
         if (info.transcode.state === 'ready') {
           setCloudWaiting(false)
@@ -1094,6 +1116,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         setCloudWaitMessage(info.transcode.message || '115 正在转码…')
         setCloudWaitStartedAt(Date.now())
       } catch {
+        if (!isCurrent()) return
         switchToLocalHLS()
         toast.error('115 云端转码触发失败，已切换本地转码')
       }
@@ -1105,6 +1128,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
   // 的自愈逻辑共用，避免两处各写一遍云端/本地选择。
   const enterHlsPlayback = useCallback(
     (startSec: number, infoOverride?: PlaybackInfo | null) => {
+      cloudRequestGuardRef.current.invalidate()
       const position = Math.max(0, startSec)
       // 允许传入刚拿到的能力信息：从 URL 强制 HLS 时不想等到 state 更新后才选线路。
       const info = infoOverride ?? playbackInfo
@@ -1127,6 +1151,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         }
       } else {
         switchToLocalHLS(position)
+        return
       }
       setPlaybackMode('hls')
     },
@@ -1165,7 +1190,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         setCloudWaitMessage(info.transcode.message || '115 正在转码…')
         cloudPollTimerRef.current = setTimeout(poll, cloudRetryRef.current * 1000)
       } catch {
-        cloudPollTimerRef.current = setTimeout(poll, 5000)
+        if (!cancelled) cloudPollTimerRef.current = setTimeout(poll, 5000)
       }
     }
     cloudPollTimerRef.current = setTimeout(poll, cloudRetryRef.current * 1000)
@@ -1338,6 +1363,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
     if (!currentMedia) return
     let cancelled = false
     let cleanupHlsResume: (() => void) | undefined
+    let stopLocalPlayback: (() => void) | undefined
     let onDirectMetadata: (() => void) | undefined
     teardownHls()
 
@@ -1348,10 +1374,17 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         teardownHls()
         return
       }
+      // Each wired local source owns its job, including seek/quality changes.
+      // Capture the ID in cleanup so a delayed DELETE cannot stop a newer run.
+      const localSessionID = hlsSource === 'local' ? newPlaybackProgressSession(mediaId).id : undefined
+      if (localSessionID) {
+        stopLocalPlayback = () => stopHLSJob(mediaId, localSessionID)
+        window.addEventListener('pagehide', stopLocalPlayback)
+      }
       const url =
         hlsSource === 'cloud'
           ? cloudHlsURL(mediaId, selectedQuality)
-          : hlsURL(mediaId, hlsStartSec, activeBurnedSubtitleStream, selectedQuality)
+          : hlsURL(mediaId, hlsStartSec, activeBurnedSubtitleStream, selectedQuality, localSessionID)
       void import('hls.js').then(({ default: HlsCtor }) => {
         if (cancelled || !ref.current) return
         if (HlsCtor.isSupported()) {
@@ -1494,6 +1527,10 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
       if (onDirectMetadata) video.removeEventListener('loadedmetadata', onDirectMetadata)
       cleanupHlsResume?.()
       teardownHls()
+      if (stopLocalPlayback) {
+        window.removeEventListener('pagehide', stopLocalPlayback)
+        stopLocalPlayback()
+      }
     }
   }, [
     activeBurnedSubtitleStream,
@@ -1518,24 +1555,6 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
     vr360DirectProxy,
   ])
 
-  // Stop host ffmpeg when leaving this HLS player. The keepalive request also
-  // survives route navigation while the component is being torn down.
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!mediaId || mode !== 'hls' || hlsSource !== 'local') return
-    return () => {
-      stopHLSJob(mediaId)
-    }
-  }, [hlsSource, mediaId, mode])
-
-  // React cleanup is not guaranteed when a tab/window closes. pagehide fires
-  // while the document can still dispatch a keepalive request.
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (!mediaId || mode !== 'hls' || hlsSource !== 'local') return
-    const stopOnPageExit = () => stopHLSJob(mediaId)
-    window.addEventListener('pagehide', stopOnPageExit)
-    return () => window.removeEventListener('pagehide', stopOnPageExit)
-  }, [hlsSource, mediaId, mode])
-
   // 自动拉取已有的播放进度并恢复播放位置
   useEffect(() => {
     if (!id) return
@@ -1828,8 +1847,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
     const sync = () => {
       // HLS 转码时 <video>.currentTime 是相对转码起点的，必须把起点加回来。这里与
       // 进度上报用的算法保持一致，否则转码场景下整段判断都会错位。
-      const offset = modeRef.current === 'hls' ? hlsStartSecRef.current : 0
-      const absolute = offset + (video.currentTime || 0)
+      const absolute = playbackPositionSec(modeRef.current, hlsSourceRef.current, hlsStartSecRef.current, video.currentTime || 0)
       const next = resolveActiveSkip(absolute, skipSegments, {
         hasNextEpisode: Boolean(nextEpisode),
         excludedKinds: dismissedSkipKinds,
@@ -1854,8 +1872,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
         selfSkipSeekRef.current = false
         return
       }
-      const offset = modeRef.current === 'hls' ? hlsStartSecRef.current : 0
-      const absolute = offset + (video.currentTime || 0)
+      const absolute = playbackPositionSec(modeRef.current, hlsSourceRef.current, hlsStartSecRef.current, video.currentTime || 0)
       const hit = skipSegments.find(
         (segment) =>
           (segment.kind === 'intro' || segment.kind === 'recap') &&
@@ -2169,7 +2186,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
           return
         }
         selfSkipSeekRef.current = true
-        video.currentTime = Math.max(0, target - hlsStartSec)
+        video.currentTime = playbackTimeSec(mode, hlsSource, hlsStartSec, target)
         return
       }
       if (isStrmMedia(mediaRef.current)) {
@@ -2277,6 +2294,7 @@ export function PlayerPage() {
 
   const selectPlaybackQuality = useCallback(
     (quality: PlaybackQuality) => {
+      cloudRequestGuardRef.current.invalidate()
       const video = ref.current
       const localTime = video?.currentTime || 0
       // 云 HLS 的 currentTime 本来就在绝对时间轴上；本地 HLS 的 t=0 对应 hlsStartSec。
@@ -2659,21 +2677,6 @@ function formatEpisodeDisplay(ep: Media, siblings: Media[]): string {
   return episodeLabel || mediaTitle || title || '未命名'
 }
 
-function findPlaybackQualityById(info: PlaybackInfo | null, id: string): PlaybackQuality | undefined {
-  if (!info || !id) return undefined
-  return [...(info.cloud_qualities ?? []), ...(info.local_qualities ?? [])].find(
-    (quality) => quality.id === id,
-  )
-}
-
-function defaultLocalQualityId(info: PlaybackInfo | null): string {
-  const qualities = info?.local_qualities ?? []
-  for (const id of ['1080', '720', '480', 'source']) {
-    if (qualities.some((quality) => quality.id === id)) return id
-  }
-  return qualities[0]?.id ?? '720'
-}
-
 function looksLikeSeriesTitle(ep: Media, title: string, siblings: Media[]): boolean {
   const normalized = normalizeEpisodeTitle(title)
   if (!normalized) return true

web/src/pages/hlsPlayback.test.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert'
-import { applyPendingHlsSeek, attachNativeHls, bindPendingHlsSeek, hlsManifestTimeoutMs, playbackPositionSec } from './hlsPlayback.ts'
+import { applyPendingHlsSeek, attachNativeHls, bindPendingHlsSeek, hlsManifestTimeoutMs, playbackPositionSec, playbackTimeSec } from './hlsPlayback.ts'
 
 class FakeVideo extends EventTarget {
   src = ''
@@ -55,4 +55,8 @@ assert.equal(hlsManifestTimeoutMs('cloud', 1800), 60_000)
 assert.equal(playbackPositionSec('hls', 'cloud', 420, 600), 600, 'cloud subtitle/quality switches must not add an old local offset')
 assert.equal(playbackPositionSec('hls', 'local', 420, 60), 480, 'local subtitle switches preserve the source position')
 assert.equal(playbackPositionSec('direct', 'local', 420, 60), 60)
+assert.equal(playbackTimeSec('hls', 'cloud', 600, 640), 640, 'cloud skip/undo uses the absolute target, not target minus a former local offset')
+assert.equal(playbackTimeSec('hls', 'local', 600, 640), 40)
+assert.equal(playbackTimeSec('direct', 'local', 600, 640), 640)
+assert.equal(playbackTimeSec('hls', 'local', 600, 100), 0, 'targets before a local start clamp to zero')
 console.log('hlsPlayback.test.ts ok')

web/src/pages/hlsPlayback.ts

@@ -41,3 +41,8 @@ export function attachNativeHls(video: HlsVideo, url: string, pending: PendingSe
 export function playbackPositionSec(mode: 'direct' | 'hls', source: 'cloud' | 'local', startSec: number, currentTime: number): number {
   return mode === 'hls' && source === 'local' ? startSec + currentTime : currentTime
 }
+
+/** Convert an absolute source target to the current media element's timeline. */
+export function playbackTimeSec(mode: 'direct' | 'hls', source: 'cloud' | 'local', startSec: number, absoluteSec: number): number {
+  return Math.max(0, mode === 'hls' && source === 'local' ? absoluteSec - startSec : absoluteSec)
+}

web/src/pages/playbackQuality.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert'
+import { availableLocalQuality, findPlaybackQualityById } from './playbackQuality.ts'
+import type { PlaybackInfo } from '../types/playback.ts'
+
+const info: PlaybackInfo = {
+  media_id: 'm', provider: 'cloud115', default_quality: '4', fallback: [],
+  transcode: { state: 'idle' },
+  cloud_qualities: [{ id: '4', label: '1080P', source: 'cloud', available: false }],
+  local_qualities: [
+    { id: 'source', label: '原画', source: 'local', available: false },
+    { id: '1080', label: '1080P', source: 'local', available: true },
+    { id: '720', label: '720P', source: 'local', available: true },
+  ],
+}
+assert.equal(availableLocalQuality(info, '4')?.id, '1080', 'pending cloud quality must not mask the available local fallback')
+assert.equal(availableLocalQuality(info, '720')?.id, '720', 'preserve an available local preference')
+assert.equal(availableLocalQuality({ ...info, local_qualities: info.local_qualities.map(q => ({ ...q, available: false })) }, '4'), undefined)
+assert.equal(findPlaybackQualityById(info, '4')?.source, 'cloud')
+console.log('playbackQuality.test.ts ok')

web/src/pages/playbackQuality.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import type { PlaybackInfo, PlaybackQuality } from '../types/playback'
+
+export function findPlaybackQualityById(info: PlaybackInfo | null, id: string): PlaybackQuality | undefined {
+  if (!info || !id) return undefined
+  return [...(info.cloud_qualities ?? []), ...(info.local_qualities ?? [])].find(
+    (quality) => quality.id === id,
+  )
+}
+
+export function defaultLocalQualityId(info: PlaybackInfo | null): string {
+  const qualities = info?.local_qualities ?? []
+  for (const id of ['1080', '720', '480', 'source']) {
+    if (qualities.some((quality) => quality.id === id)) return id
+  }
+  return qualities[0]?.id ?? '720'
+}
+
+/** A cloud option may exist without being ready; it is never a local fallback. */
+export function availableLocalQuality(info: PlaybackInfo | null, preferred = ''): PlaybackQuality | undefined {
+  const available = info?.local_qualities.filter((quality) => quality.source === 'local' && quality.available) ?? []
+  return available.find((quality) => quality.id === preferred) ??
+    ['1080', '720', '480', 'source'].map((id) => available.find((quality) => quality.id === id)).find(Boolean) ??
+    available[0]
+}

web/src/pages/playbackRequestGuard.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert'
+import { createPlaybackRequestGuard } from './playbackRequestGuard.ts'
+
+const guard = createPlaybackRequestGuard()
+const first = guard.begin()
+assert.equal(first(), true)
+const second = guard.begin()
+assert.equal(first(), false, 'a newer quality request supersedes the earlier request')
+assert.equal(second(), true)
+guard.invalidate()
+assert.equal(second(), false, 'media changes, unmount and direct/local switches cancel a pending cloud result')
+let resolveRequest: (value: string) => void = () => {}
+const request = new Promise<string>(resolve => { resolveRequest = resolve })
+const current = guard.begin()
+let applied = 'episode-B'
+const settled = request.then(value => { if (current()) applied = value })
+guard.invalidate()
+resolveRequest('episode-A')
+await settled
+assert.equal(applied, 'episode-B', 'a delayed response cannot overwrite the next media')
+let rejected: (error: Error) => void = () => {}
+const failed = new Promise<never>((_, reject) => { rejected = reject })
+const activeFailure = guard.begin()
+let fallbackCount = 0
+const caught = failed.catch(() => { if (activeFailure()) fallbackCount += 1 })
+guard.invalidate()
+rejected(new Error('old request failed'))
+await caught
+assert.equal(fallbackCount, 0, 'a stale rejection cannot force a local fallback')
+console.log('playbackRequestGuard.test.ts ok')

web/src/pages/playbackRequestGuard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/** Invalidates both successful and failed responses after a newer playback intent. */
+export function createPlaybackRequestGuard() {
+  let generation = 0
+  return {
+    begin(): () => boolean {
+      const requested = ++generation
+      return () => requested === generation
+    },
+    invalidate(): void {
+      generation += 1
+    },
+  }
+}